Property:Describe length scale and resolution
From CSDMS
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0.1 mm and below to ~1 km, depending on the scale of your problem and computational resources. +
C
T
1D
Uppermost 10 m has high resolution gridcells (0.05m).
Below 10 m to 500 m depth, grid cells are coarser (1m). +
H
S
A requirement is high resolution topographic data, typically ~1m resolution. For a detailed discussion of lengthscale and resolution constraints we urge the user to refer to the original manuscript +
E
A set of four examples is provided (eSCAPE-demo - https://github.com/Geodels/eSCAPE-demo) and illustrates the different capabilities of the code from synthetic to regional, to continental and to global scale models. +
G
Adaptive refinement allows using a very coarse grid on the ocean scale (e.g. 2 degree resolution) and several nested levels of refinement down to e.g. 1/3 arc-second (10 meter) resolution in specific coastal regions. +
T
All spatial data should be provided as projected, georeferenced (e.g., UTM) grids or shapefiles where spatial units are given in meters. Data referenced in a geographic coordinate system will return unexpected results. +
S
Alluvial channel morphology is not explicitly modeled; rather, channel width, depth, slope, and discharges of water and sediment are represented as sub-grid characteristics. Each cell contains at most one channel. +
1
Although the hillslope length and height are specified, these are dimensionless numbers from the perspective of the module. Accordingly, the resolutions supported by the module are primarily constrained by the language in which it is implemented. However, the process of "dimensionalizing" the module's outputs may place practical constraints on resolution. The associated paper discusses this issue. +
G
Analytical solution produces unrealistic results with low elastic thickness and/or very large cells due to the Green's function approximation. +
N
Angular resolution around the radar; gridded data typically have km-nmi-size pixels +
T
Applies to any resolution topographic grid, though is most sensible for grids with resolution from 2 to 50 m. +
R
Assumptions:
The REF/DIF 1 model, in parabolic form, has a number of assumptions inherent in it and it is necessary to discuss these directly. These assumptions are:
# Mild bottom slope.
# Weak nonlinearity.
# The wave direction is confined to a sector ±70 ◦ to the principal assumed wave direction, due to the use of the minimax wide angle parabolic approximation of Kirby (1986b). +
G
At the moment the resolution of the input controls the resolution of the output. This is a global model but can be applied to smaller domains. +
W
Available datasets are for global and continental domains. Realistic high-res simulations for global scale is 6 arc-min and for continental 3 arc-min. Higher resolution datasets are available for both (e.g. 15 arc-sec for Europe). +
G
Cell length - 10 - 100 meters
Cell height - 0.01 - 0.5 meters +
Cell length: 10 - 100 m (typically 50 m)
Cell height 0.01 - 0.5 m (typically (0.1 m) +
C
B
Coastal barrier ~10-100 km length scales, and ~100 m alongshore resolution. Parameterizations not suitable for small-scale (tidal inlet etc) analyses +
R
Code has been most commonly run for 10x5 m cells (with the long axis parallel to flow) and domain size of 1.27 x 1.86 km. Other scales are possible, but adding additional cells will slow down processing. This model is only designed to simulate mean flows; resolution of fine turbulence structure is not possible with the code. +
A
Computer memory. +
G
Constraints:
* Cell length - 10 - 100 meters
* Cell height - 0.01 - 0.5 meters +
B
Cross-shore transect length can extend 10's of km from the ocean barrier shoreface into the mainland. Grid resolution on the barrier is 10 m, and 1 m spacing from the back-barrier marsh to the mainland. +
C
Currently there are only initial data sets for 10x15 degrees longitude and latitude. This model is meant for global scale dynamics. +
W
Currently, 4x5 degree, with 66 vertical levels up to 140 km. Resolution can be increased if neccessary +
A
G
L
P
Domain should be 10s of Kms in x and y. Cell spacing should be 10s of meters. +
F
Domain should be large enough to resolve the bottom boundary layer, meanwhile, the grid resolution should be fine enough to resolve all the essential turbulence scales. +
K
Domain size is 3 km by 3 km, grid cell is 5 m by 5m. +
C
Drainage basin size controls the length of the model runs. Cell size should not be increased to shorten model runs. +
R
C
U
G
T
I
G
GSFLOW is intended for modeling catchments from the km-scale to the 100s-of-km scale +
C
Has been applied to catchments ranging from 1km^2 to 500km^2, at grid resolutions ranging from 1m to 50m. +
G
W
Hillslope simulations are recommended for lengths not greatly exceeding 100 meters. Watershed simulations should not exceed areas above 260 hectares. Larger areas can be simulated for hillslope spatial analyses only - but the channel processes will not be accurate at these larger scales. +
S
I
S
F
H
HydroTrend should be applied to river larger than 100km; and basins smaller than 75000km2. +
P
In its current state, the code is restricted to low Reynolds number and Peclet number of order 1000. +
C
In principle, the model can address spatial scales ranging from gullies and small (~1km2) catchments to mountain ranges, as long as setup and parameters are chosen appropriately. Resolutions greater than about 10,000 nodes normally require significant computation time. +
Q
In the field, this model is applicable in the range of landscape and regional scales (~10-100km). It has also been successfully applied at the scale of physical experiments. +
I
Increasing the number of processors should allow larger/higher resolution landscapes to be considered. +
R
H
It is best performance for high resolution (<100m) simulation.
With the version 3.0, coarser resolution is supported through stream burning feature. +
T
It is intended for application to small catchments (up to 10 km2, and generally smaller than 1 km2). +
M
It's a reach scale. It is applied to 30km downstream of the Buech river. However, if dx is changed upward/downward, the time step should be adjusted. +
C
Kilometers to hundreds of kilometers. Numerically, the model can be discretized with much smaller spatial resolution. However, the assumptions of approximately shore-parallel shoreface contours becomes unreasonable at scales smaller than kilometers. +
L
LISFLOOD is grid-based, and applications so far have employed grid cells of as little as 100 metres (for medium-sized catchments), to 5,000 metres for modelling the whole of Europe and up to 0.1° (around 10 km) for modelling on a global scale. +
C
Large scale (100 km+) model, suitable for orogenic scale modeling but could easily be adapted +
S
Length scale should be reach or larger (~100m and up). Run time depends on grid size and resolution. +
E
Length scale: ~10's of meters to ~1000's of km +
T
Length varies, resolution is on the order of several channel width (i.e., 1D model produces only reach-averaged results). +
G
Limited by resolutn of input & river systems data; basins < 20,000 km2 currently poorly represented +
D
Methods has been applied to data set of 100's of individual delta islands derived from Landsat satellite data (30-60m resolution). +
I
F
R
Model is 1D, we have used it over a x-section of a floodplain with varying flood inundation depth and durations. +
D
Model is intended to generate stratigraphy for 2D profiles of large deltas (100's of km's) +
P
Model used for grid size ranging from ~1m to 1000km +
1
Model uses a fixed hillslope length of 30 m constrained from topographic measurements. +
L
Near surface, length scale should be 5-10 cm if subsidence occurring. Deeper in permafrost, 1+ m okay. +
N
Nearshore regions from shoreline to 10 meter water depth. Model resolution depends on specific modules. +
S
No inherent length scale or resolution as long as the continuum hypothesis is satisfied. A practical constraint on length scale and resolution is computational cost. +
C
I
M
None except elapsed time and memory limits. +
D
M
Point on marsh surface, depth of modeled column can extend to 10s of meters. Sub cm vertical resolution. +
T
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. +
H
Requires high resolution (1 m LiDAR) topographic data. +
G
Resolution is limited by RAM. Processes however are parametrized at a few square meter scale. +
B
Resolution on order of one to a few meters. Domain length grows over time, reaching order tens to hundreds of meters long. +
S
SBEACH is a beach profile evolution model. The model domain should extend from the landward limit of wave run-up offshore to the depth of closure. +
SWAN can be used on any scale relevant for wind generated surface gravity waves. However, SWAN is specifically designed for coastal applications that should actually not require such flexibility in scale. The reasons for providing SWAN with such flexibility are:
* to allow SWAN to be used from laboratory conditions to shelf seas and
* to nest SWAN in the WAM model or the WAVEWATCH III model which are formulated in terms of spherical coordinates. +
O
P
See 'Description of Input and Examples for PHREEQC Version 3 - A computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations'. +
W
See WRF-Hydro Technical Description https://ral.ucar.edu/projects/wrf_hydro/technical-description-user-guide +
S
F
See:
Version 2.0: Cohen et al. (2019), The Floodwater Depth Estimation Tool (FwDET v2.0) for Improved Remote Sensing Analysis of Coastal Flooding. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (NHESS)
Version 1.0: Cohen, S., G. R. Brakenridge, A. Kettner, B. Bates, J. Nelson, R. McDonald, Y. Huang, D. Munasinghe, and J. Zhang (2017), Estimating Floodwater Depths from Flood Inundation Maps and Topography. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA):1–12. +
S
SimClast can theoretically be used on a length scale upwards of 20 kms, the upper limit is dependant on memory and processing restrictions. Typical length scales vary from 25 to 500 km. The highest resolution is mainly dependant on the use of intracellular fluvial deposition, as described in Dalman & Weltje (2008) this restricts the minimum cell size to 4 kms. Recent addition of floodplain process reduces this to 500 m. +
Since we are doing DNS, we are restricted to low Reynolds numbers. Up to ~50,000 or possibly higher but very slow. +
K
Solutions are generated for a 1D vertical column.
When input data are gridded, maps of 1D vertical columns can be made. +
M
C
Spatial resolution from 1 m to 1 km
Spatial extent up to hundreds of km +
H
M
Spatial resolution of 1 m to simulate small ponds +
S
R
B
Standard LEM constraints on length scale: reach scale and above until you run out of computing power. Resolution is constrained by block size, should generally be order 1-10 m. +
M
Suitable for a large range of spatial resolution (0.5 m to 100 m) +
S
The channel centerline is represented by X,Y coordinates with about one channel=width equivalent. The floodplain evolution, if simulated, has cells of one channel-width equivalent. Length of simulated domain and floodplain size depends upon input data. +
A
The channel is represented by a set of linked nodes. There are no intrinsic constrains for length scale or resolution. +
T
The current version is a DNS code, i.e. no turbulence model is incorporated yet.
Hence, grid resolution should be carefully treated to resolve all the flow scales.
In other words, limited by the computational costs, we are restricted to low Reynolds numbers (O(1,000)-O(10,000)). +
C
M
The lengths are scaled by the cross section half width of the river, i.e. the lenghts are dimensionless. Thus any kind of river scenario may be potentially simulated. +
G
The longshore extent of the modeled reach can range from less than 1 mile to 10's of miles. +
T
The model domain must be at least 10s of particle step length long. +
A
The model domain starts in the fluvial floodplain, the main river channel is considered an incoming boundary condition.
Gridcells are typically averaged over 100's meters to 1000's of meters. Tests ran with grids of 150 by 150 km. +
P
Q
