Model:SPARROW

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Summary Contact Technical specs In/Output Process Testing Other Component info Also known as Model type Single Model part of larger framework Incorporated models or components: Spatial dimensions 2D Spatial extent Continental, Landscape-Scale, Regional-Scale, Watershed-Scale Model domain Terrestrial, Hydrology One-line model description The SPARROW Surface Water-Quality Model Extended model description SPARROW (SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes) is a watershed modeling technique for relating water-quality measurements made at a network of monitoring stations to attributes of the watersheds containing the stations. The core of the model consists of a nonlinear regression equation describing the non-conservative transport of contaminants from point and diffuse sources on land to rivers and through the stream and river network. The model predicts contaminant flux, concentration, and yield in streams and has been used to evaluate alternative hypotheses about the important contaminant sources and watershed properties that control transport over large spatial scales. Keywords: biogeochemistry, water quality, First name Richard Last name Alexander Type of contact Model developer Institute / Organization USGS, NAWQA Hydrologic Systems Team Postal address 1 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 413 Postal address 2 Town / City Reston Postal code 20192 State Virginia Country United States Email address ralex@usgs.gov Phone 703-648-6869 Fax First name Steve Last name Preston Type of contact Model developer Institute / Organization Postal address 1 Postal address 2 Town / City Postal code State Country United States Email address spreston@usgs.gov Phone Fax First name Gregory Last name Schwarz Type of contact Institute / Organization Postal address 1 Postal address 2 Town / City Postal code State Country United States Email address gschwarz@usgs.gov Phone Fax First name Richard Last name Smith Type of contact Institute / Organization Postal address 1 Postal address 2 Town / City Postal code State Country United States Email address rsmith1@usgs.gov Phone Fax Supported platforms Windows Other platform Programming language Other program language SAS Macro Language, SAS IML Code optimized Single Processor Multiple processors implemented Nr of distributed processors Nr of shared processors Start year development 1992 Does model development still take place? Yes If above answer is no, provide end year model development Code development status Active When did you indicate the 'code development status'? 2020 Model availability As code Source code availability (Or provide future intension) Through web repository Source web address http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/sparrow/ Source csdms web address Program license type Other Program license type other NOT SURE Memory requirements -- Typical run time -- Describe input parameters SPARROW modeling requires the integration of many types of geospatial data for use as explanatory variables which are considered as either constituent sources or delivery factors. Sources might include certain land types such as urban area, or known contaminant sources such as sewage treatment plants. Delivery terms can include any basin characteristic that may be associated with natural attenuation. For example, denitrification is often associated with certain soil characteristics and the spatial pattern of those soil characteristics is often related to that of constituent loads. In some cases delivery terms might also be associated with enhanced delivery. For example, high basin slope might cause more rapid flows which could increase the delivery of constituents. Delivery is also influenced by the water time of travel in streams, which can be estimated from published USGS time-of-travel studies (e.g., Reed and Stuckey, 2001). Input format ASCII, Binary Other input format Describe output parameters SPARROW is designed to describe the spatial patterns in water quality and the factors that affect it. SPARROW models are developed using mass balance constraints to quantify the relation between stream constituent load (the mass of the constituent being transported by the stream) and the sources and losses of mass in watersheds. Thus the models are inherently designed to predict load (mass per time) for all stream reaches in the modeling region. However, the predictions of stream load can be modified to provide a variety of water-quality metrics that can support various types of assessments. The SPARROW prediction metrics include constituent yields, concentrations, and source contributions to stream loads: Constituent yields Constituent concentrations Source contributions to stream loads Output format Binary Other output format Pre-processing software needed? No Describe pre-processing software Post-processing software needed? No Describe post-processing software Visualization software needed? No If above answer is yes Other visualization software Describe processes represented by the model -- Describe key physical parameters and equations -- Describe length scale and resolution constraints -- Describe time scale and resolution constraints -- Describe any numerical limitations and issues -- Describe available calibration data sets Upload calibration data sets if available: Describe available test data sets Upload test data sets if available: Describe ideal data for testing Do you have current or future plans for collaborating with other researchers? -- Is there a manual available? Yes Upload manual if available: Model website if any http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/sparrow/ Model forum / discussion board -- Comments This form is filled out by Albert Kettner, based on the SPARROW website This part will be filled out by CSDMS staff OpenMI compliant No but possible BMI compliant No but possible WMT component No but possible PyMT component Is this a data component Can be coupled with:

Model info Authors Richard Alexander Preston, Schwarz, Smith Source code Go to external source code site Model citations Citation indices SPARROW Nr. of pubs: 23 Citations: 2339 h-index: 17 QR-code Link to this page Other models by author SPARROW

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Citation indices	SPARROW
Nr. of pubs:	23
Citations:	2339
h-index:	17

Featured publication(s)	Year	Model described	Type of Reference	Citations
Smith, Richard A.; Schwarz, Gregory E.; Alexander, Richard B.; 1997. Regional interpretation of water-quality monitoring data. Water Resources Research, 33, 2781–2798. 10.1029/97WR02171 (View/edit entry)	1997	SPARROW	Model overview	504
Alexander, Richard B.; Smith, Richard A.; Schwarz, Gregory E.; Boyer, Elizabeth W.; Nolan, Jacqueline V.; Brakebill, John W.; 2008. Differences in Phosphorus and Nitrogen Delivery to The Gulf of Mexico from the Mississippi River Basin. Environmental Science & Technology, 42, 822–830. 10.1021/es0716103 (View/edit entry)	2008	SPARROW	Model overview	558
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