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List of results
- Model:Ecopath with Ecosim + (Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) is an ecological … Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) is an ecological modeling software suite for personal computers. EwE has three main components: Ecopath – a static, mass-balanced snapshot of the system; Ecosim – a time dynamic simulation module for policy exploration; and Ecospace – a spatial and temporal dynamic module primarily designed for exploring impact and placement of protected areas. The Ecopath software package can be used to:</br>*Address ecological questions;</br>*Evaluate ecosystem effects of fishing;</br>*Explore management policy options;</br>*Evaluate impact and placement of marine protected areas;</br>*Evaluate effect of environmental changes.*Evaluate effect of environmental changes.)
- Model:Erode + (Erode is a raster-based, fluvial landscape evolution model. The newest version (3.0) is written in Python and contains html help pages when running the program through the CSDMS Modeling Tool CMT (https://csdms.colorado.edu/wiki/Help:Ccaffeine_GUI).)
- Model:Erode-D8-Local + (Erode-D8-Global is a raster, D8-based fluvial landscape evolution model (LEM))
- Model:LuSS + (Exposures to heat and sunlight can be simulated and the resulting signals shown. For a detailed description of the underlying luminescence rate equations, or to cite your use of LuSS, please use Brown, (2020).)
- Model:SINUOUS + (Extended description for SINUOUS - Meander … Extended description for SINUOUS - Meander Evolution Model. The basic model simulates planform evolution of a meandering river starting from X,Y coordinates of centerline nodes, with specification of cross-sectional and flow parameters. If the model is intended to simulate evolution of an existing river, the success of the model can be evaluated by the included area between the simulated and the river centerline. In addition, topographic evolution of the surrounding floodplain can be simulated as a function of existing elevation, distance from the nearest channel, and time since the channel migrated through that location. Profile evolution of the channel can also be modeled by backwater flow routing and bed sediment transport relationships. and bed sediment transport relationships.)
- Model:FACET + (FACET is a Python tool that uses open sour … FACET is a Python tool that uses open source modules to map the floodplain extent and derive reach-scale summaries of stream and floodplain geomorphic measurements from high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs). Geomorphic measurements include channel width, stream bank height, floodplain width, and stream slope.<br>Current tool functionality is only meant to process DEMs within the Chesapeake Bay and Delaware River watersheds. FACET was developed to batch process 3-m resolution DEMs in the Chesapeake Bay and Delaware River watersheds. Future updates to FACET will allow users to process DEMs outside of the Chesapeake and Delaware basins.<br>FACET allows the user to hydrologically condition the DEM, generate the stream network, select one of two options for stream bank identification, map the floodplain extent using a Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND) approach, and calculate stream and floodplain metrics using three approaches. stream and floodplain metrics using three approaches.)
- Model:FUNWAVE + (FUNWAVE is a phase-resolving, time-stepping Boussinesq model for ocean surface wave propagation in the nearshore.)
- Model:FVCOM + (FVCOM is a prognostic, unstructured-grid, … FVCOM is a prognostic, unstructured-grid, finite-volume, free-surface, 3-D primitive equation coastal ocean circulation model developed by UMASSD-WHOI joint efforts. The model consists of momentum, continuity, temperature, salinity and density equations and is closed physically and mathematically using turbulence closure submodels. The horizontal grid is comprised of unstructured triangular cells and the irregular bottom is preseented using generalized terrain-following coordinates. The General Ocean Turbulent Model (GOTM) developed by Burchard’s research group in Germany (Burchard, 2002) has been added to FVCOM to provide optional vertical turbulent closure schemes. FVCOM is solved numerically by a second-order accurate discrete flux calculation in the integral form of the governing equations over an unstructured triangular grid. This approach combines the best features of finite-element methods (grid flexibility) and finite-difference methods (numerical efficiency and code simplicity) and provides a much better numerical representation of both local and global momentum, mass, salt, heat, and tracer conservation. The ability of FVCOM to accurately solve scalar conservation equations in addition to the topological flexibility provided by unstructured meshes and the simplicity of the coding structure has make FVCOM ideally suited for many coastal and interdisciplinary scientific applications.interdisciplinary scientific applications.)
- Model:FallVelocity + (Fall velocity for spheres. Uses formulation of Dietrich (1982))
- Model:Zscape + (Finite difference approximations are great … Finite difference approximations are great for modeling the erosion of landscapes. A paper by Densmore, Ellis, and Anderson provides details on application of landscape evolution models to the Basin and Range (USA) using complex rulesets that include landslides, tectonic displacements, and physically-based algorithms for hillslope sediment transport and fluvial transport. The solution given here is greatly simplified, only including the 1D approximation of the diffusion equation. The parallel development of the code is meant to be used as a class exercisede is meant to be used as a class exercise)
- Model:GFlex + (Finite difference solution allows for calc … Finite difference solution allows for calculations of flexural response in regions of variable elastic thickness / flexural rigidity. The direct solution technique means that it takes time to populate a cofactor matrix, but that once this has been done, flexural solutions may be obtained rapidly via a Thomas algorithm. This makes it less good for an individual solution where an iterative approach may be more computationally efficient, but better for modeling where elastic thickness does not change (meaning that you do not need to create a new cofactor matrix) but loads do.reate a new cofactor matrix) but loads do.)
- Model:SIMSAFADIM + (Finite element process based simulation model for fluid flow, clastic, carbonate and evaporate sedimentation.)
- Model:SoilInfiltrationGreenAmpt + (For each time step, this component calculates an infiltration rate for a given model location and updates surface water depths. Based on the Green-Ampt method, it follows the form of Julien et al., 1995.)
- Model:Mocsy + (Fortran 95 routines to model the ocean car … Fortran 95 routines to model the ocean carbonate system (mocsy). Mocsy take as input dissolved inorganic carbon CT and total alkalinity AT, the only two tracers of the ocean carbonate system that are unaffected by changes in temperature and salinity and conservative with respect to mixing, properties that make them ideally suited for ocean carbon models. With basic thermodynamic equilibria, mocsy compute surface-ocean pCO2 in order to simulate air-sea CO2 fluxes. The mocsy package goes beyond the OCMIP code by computing all other carbonate system variables (e.g., pH, CO32-, and CaCO3 saturation states) and by doing so throughout the water column.d by doing so throughout the water column.)
- Model:FuzzyReef + (FuzzyReef is a three-dimensional (3D) nume … FuzzyReef is a three-dimensional (3D) numerical stratigraphic model that simulates the development of microbial reefs using fuzzy logic (multi-valued logic) modeling methods. The flexibility of the model allows for the examination of a large number of variables. This model has been used to examine the importance of local environmental conditions and global changes on the frequency of reef development relative to the temporal and spatial constraints from Upper Jurassic (Oxfordian) Smackover reef datasets from two Alabama oil fields.</br></br>The fuzzy model simulates the deposition of reefs and carbonate facies through integration of local and global variables. Local-scale factors include basement relief, sea-level change, climate, latitude, water energy, water depth, background sedimentation rate, and substrate conditions. Regional and global-scale changes include relative sea-level change, climate, and latitude.e sea-level change, climate, and latitude.)
- Model:GENESIS + (GENESIS calculates shoreline change produc … GENESIS calculates shoreline change produced by statial and temporal differences in longshore sand transport produced by breaking waves. The shoreline evolution portion of the numerical modeling system is based on one-line shoreline change theory, which assumes that the beach profile shape remains unchanged, allowing shoreline change to be described uniquely in terms of the translation of a single point (for example, Mean High Water shoreline) on the profile.Mean High Water shoreline) on the profile.)
- Model:GEOMBEST + (GEOMBEST is a morphological-behaviour model that simulates the evolution of coastal morphology and stratigraphy resulting from changes in sea level and sediment volume within the shoreface, barrier, and estuary.)
- Model:GEOMBEST++ + (GEOMBEST++ is a morphological-behaviour mo … GEOMBEST++ is a morphological-behaviour model that simulates the evolution of coastal morphology and stratigraphy resulting from changes in sea level and sediment volume within the shoreface, barrier, and estuary. GEOMBEST++ builds on previous iterations (i.e. GEOMBEST+) by incorporating the effects of waves into the backbarrier, providing a more physical basis for the evolution of the bay bottom and introducing wave erosion of marsh edges.d introducing wave erosion of marsh edges.)
- Model:GEOMBEST++Seagrass + (GEOMBEST++Seagrass is a morphological-beha … GEOMBEST++Seagrass is a morphological-behaviour model that simulates the evolution of coastal morphology and stratigraphy resulting from changes in sea level and sediment volume within the shoreface, barrier, and estuary. GEOMBEST++Seagrass builds on previous iterations (i.e. GEOMBEST, GEOMBEST+, and GEOMBEST++) by incorporating seagrass dynamics into the back-barrier bay.agrass dynamics into the back-barrier bay.)
- Model:GEOtop + (GEOtop accommodates very complex topograph … GEOtop accommodates very complex topography and, besides the water balance integrates all the terms in the surface energy balance equation. For saturated and unsaturated subsurface flow, it uses the 3D Richards’ equation. An accurate treatment of radiation inputs is implemented in order to be able to return surface temperature.</br></br>The model GEOtop simulates the complete hydrological balance in a continuous way, during a whole year, inside a basin and combines the main features of the modern land surfaces models with the distributed rainfall-runoff models.</br></br>The new 0.875 version of GEOtop introduces the snow accumulation and melt module and describes sub-surface flows in an unsaturated media more accurately. With respect to the version 0.750 the updates are fundamental: the codex is completely eviewed, the energy and mass parametrizations are rewritten, the input/output file set is redifined.</br></br>GEOtop makes it possible to know the outgoing discharge at the basin's closing section, to estimate the local values at the ground of humidity, of soil temperature, of sensible and latent heat fluxes, of heat flux in the soil and of net radiation, together with other hydrometeorlogical distributed variables. Furthermore it describes the distributed snow water equivalent and surface snow temperature.</br></br>GEOtop is a model based on the use of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs). It makes also use of meteorological measurements obtained thought traditional instruments on the ground. Yet, it can also assimilate distributed data like those coming from radar measurements, from satellite terrain sensing or from micrometeorological models.ensing or from micrometeorological models.)
- Model:GIPL + (GIPL(Geophysical Institute Permafrost Labo … GIPL(Geophysical Institute Permafrost Laboratory) is an implicit finite difference one-dimensional heat flow numerical model. The GIPL model uses the effect of snow layer and subsurface soil thermal properties to simulate ground temperatures and active layer thickness (ALT) by solving the 1D heat diffusion equation with phase change. The phase change associated with freezing and thawing process occurs within a range of temperatures below 0 degree centigrade, and is represented by the unfrozen water curve (Romanovsky and Osterkamp 2000). The model employs finite difference numerical scheme over a specified domain. The soil column is divided into several layers, each with distinct thermo-physical properties. The GIPL model has been successfully used to map permafrost dynamics in Alaska and validated using ground temperature measurements in shallow boreholes across Alaska (Nicolsky et al. 2009, Jafarov et al. 2012, Jafarov et al. 2013, Jafarov et al. 2014).Jafarov et al. 2013, Jafarov et al. 2014).)
- Model:GSFLOW + (GSFLOW was a coupled model based on the in … GSFLOW was a coupled model based on the integration of the U.S. Geological Survey Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS, Leavesley and others, 1983) and the U.S. Geological Survey Modular Groundwater Flow Model(MODFLOW-2005, Harbaugh, 2005). It was developed to simulate coupled groundwater/surface-water flow in one or more watersheds by simultaneously simulating flow across the land surface, within subsurface saturated and unsaturated materials, and within streams and lakes.d materials, and within streams and lakes.)
- Model:AlluvStrat + (Generates alluvial stratigraphy by channel … Generates alluvial stratigraphy by channel migration and avulsion. Channel migration is handled via a random walk. Avulsions occur when the channel superelevates. Channels can create levees. Post-avulsion channel locations chosen at random, or based on topography. chosen at random, or based on topography.)
- Model:GeoFlood + (GeoFlood, a new open-source software package for solving shallow water equations (SWE) on a quadtree hierarchy of mapped, logically Cartesian grids managed by the parallel, adaptive library ForestClaw)
- Model:Glimmer-CISM + (Glimmer is an open source (GPL) three-dime … Glimmer is an open source (GPL) three-dimensional thermomechanical ice sheet model, designed to be interfaced to a range of global climate models. It can also be run in stand-alone mode. Glimmer was developed as part of the NERC GENIE project (www.genie.ac.uk). It's development follows the theoretical basis found in Payne (1999) and Payne (2001). Glimmer's structure contains numerous software design strategies that make it maintainable, extensible, and well documented.tainable, extensible, and well documented.)
- Model:GSDCalculator + (Grain Size Distribution Statistics Calculator)
- Model:GSSHA + (Gridded Surface Subsurface Hydrologic Anal … Gridded Surface Subsurface Hydrologic Analysis (GSSHA) is a grid-based two-dimensional hydrologic model. Features include 2D overland flow, 1D stream flow, 1D infiltration, 2D groundwater, and full coupling between the groundwater, vadoze zone, streams, and overland flow. GSSHA can run in both single event and long-term modes. The fully coupled groundwater to surfacewater interaction allows GSSHA to model both Hortonian and Non-Hortonian basins.</br>New features of version 2.0 include support for small lakes and detention basins, wetlands, improved sediment transport, and an improved stream flow model.</br>GSSHA has been successfully used to predict soil moistures as well as runoff and flooding. moistures as well as runoff and flooding.)
- Model:WBM-WTM + (Gridded water balance model using climate … Gridded water balance model using climate input forcings that calculate surface and subsurface runoff and ground water recharge for each grid cell. The surface and subsurface runoff is propagated horizontally along a prescribed gridded network using Musking type horizontal transport.k using Musking type horizontal transport.)
- Model:HYPE + (HYPE is a semi-distributed hydrological mo … HYPE is a semi-distributed hydrological model for water and water quality. It simulates water and nutrient concentrations in the landscape at the catchment scale. Its spatial division is related to catchments and sub-catchments, land use or land cover, soil type and elevation. Within a catchment the model will simulate different compartments; soil including shallow groundwater, rivers and lakes. It is a dynamical model forced with time series of precipitation and air temperature, typically on a daily time step. Forcing in the form of nutrient loads is not dynamical. Example includes atmospheric deposition, fertilizers and waste water.c deposition, fertilizers and waste water.)
- Model:EstuarineMorphologyEstimator + (Here, we present a Python tool that includ … Here, we present a Python tool that includes a comprehensive set of relations that predicts the hydrodynamics, bed elevation and the patterns of channels and bars in mere seconds. Predictions are based on a combination of empirical relations derived from natural estuaries, including a novel predictor for cross-sectional depth distributions, which is dependent on the along-channel width profile. Flow velocity, an important habitat characteristic, is calculated with a new correlation between depth below high water level and peak tidal flow velocity, which was based on spatial numerical modelling. Salinity is calculated from estuarine geometry and flow conditions. The tool only requires an along-channel width profile and tidal amplitude, making it useful for quick assessments, for example of potential habitat in ecology, when only remotely-sensed imagery is available.only remotely-sensed imagery is available.)
- Model:HexWatershed + (HexWatershed is a mesh independent flow direction model for hydrologic models. It can be run at both regional and global scales. The unique feature of HexWatershed is that it supports both structured and unstructured meshes.)
- Model:Spbgc + (High order two dimensional simulations of turbidity currents using DNS of incompressible Navier-Stokes and transport equations.)
- Model:TransportLengthHillslopeDiffuser + (Hillslope diffusion component in the style … Hillslope diffusion component in the style of Carretier et al. (2016, ESurf), and Davy and Lague (2009).</br></br>Works on regular raster-type grid (RasterModelGrid, dx=dy). To be coupled with FlowDirectorSteepest for the calculation of steepest slope at each timestep.lation of steepest slope at each timestep.)
- Model:TaylorNonLinearDiffuser + (Hillslope evolution using a Taylor Series … Hillslope evolution using a Taylor Series expansion of the Andrews-Bucknam formulation of nonlinear hillslope flux derived following following Ganti et al., 2012. The flux is given as:</br></br>qs = KS ( 1 + (S/Sc)**2 + (S / Sc)**4 + .. + (S / Sc)**2(n - 1) )</br></br>where K is is the diffusivity, S is the slope, Sc is the critical slope, and n is the number of terms. The default behavior uses two terms to produce a flux law as described by Equation 6 of Ganti et al., (2012).bed by Equation 6 of Ganti et al., (2012).)
- Model:DepthDependentTaylorDiffuser + (Hillslope sediment flux uses a Taylor Seri … Hillslope sediment flux uses a Taylor Series expansion of the Andrews-Bucknam formulation of nonlinear hillslope flux derived following following Ganti et al., 2012 with a depth dependent component inspired Johnstone and Hilley (2014). The flux :math:`q_s` is given as:</br>q_s = DSH^* ( 1 + (S/S_c)^2 + (S/Sc_)^4 + .. + (S/S_c)^2(n-1) ) (1.0 - exp( H / H^*)</br></br>where :math:`D` is is the diffusivity, :math:`S` is the slope, :math:`S_c` is the critical slope, :math:`n` is the number of terms, :math:`H` is the soil depth on links, and :math:`H^*` is the soil transport decay depth. The default behavior uses two terms to produce a slope dependence as described by Equation 6 of Ganti et al., (2012).This component will ignore soil thickness located at non-core nodes. soil thickness located at non-core nodes.)
- Model:HydroCNHS + (HydroCNHS is an open-source Python package supporting four Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) that enable users to integrate their human decision models, which can be programmed with the agent-based modeling concept, into the HydroCNHS.)
- Model:HydroPy + (HydroPy model is a revised version of an e … HydroPy model is a revised version of an established global hydrological model (GHM), the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology's Hydrology Model (MPI-HM). Being rewritten in Python, the HydroPy model requires much less effort in maintenance and new processes can be easily implemented.d new processes can be easily implemented.)
- Model:HydroTrend + (HydroTrend v.3.0 is a climate-driven hydrological water balance and transport model that simulates water discharge and sediment load at a river outlet.)
- Model:HSPF + (Hydrological Simulation Program - FORTRAN … Hydrological Simulation Program - FORTRAN (HSPF) is a comprehensive package</br>for simulation of watershed hydrology and water quality for both conventional</br>and toxic organic pollutants (1,2). This model can simulate the hydrologic,</br>and associated water quality, processes on pervious and impervious land</br>surfaces and in streams and well-mixed impoundments. HSPF incorporates the</br>watershed-scale ARM and NPS models into a basin-scale analysis framework that</br>includes fate and transport in one-dimensional stream channels. It is the</br>only comprehensive model of watershed hydrology and water quality that allows</br>the integrated simulation of land and soil contaminant runoff processes with</br>in-stream hydraulic and sediment-chemical interactions.</br></br>The result of this simulation is a time history of the runoff flow rate,</br>sediment load, and nutrient and pesticide concentrations, along with a time</br>history of water quantity and quality at any point in a watershed. HSPF</br>simulates three sediment types (sand, silt, and clay) in addition to a single</br>organic chemical and transformation products of that chemical. The transfer</br>and reaction processes included are hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis,</br>biodegradation, volatilization, and sorption. Sorption is modeled as a</br>first-order kinetic process in which the user must specify a desorption rate</br>and an equilibrium partition coefficient for each of the three solids types.</br></br>Resuspension and settling of silts and clays (cohesive solids) are defined in</br>terms of shear stress at the sediment water interface. The capacity of the</br>system to transport sand at a particular flow is calculated and resuspension</br>or settling is defined by the difference between the sand in suspension and</br>the transport capacity. Calibration of the model requires data for each of</br>the three solids types. Benthic exchange is modeled as sorption/desorption</br>and deposition/scour with surficial benthic sediments. Underlying sediment</br>and pore water are not modeled.g sediment and pore water are not modeled.)
- Model:WACCM-EE + (I am developing a GCM based on NCAR's WACC … I am developing a GCM based on NCAR's WACCM model to studied the climate of the ancient Earth. WACCM has been linked with a microphysical model (CARMA). Some important issues to be examined are the climate of the ancient Earth in light of the faint young Sun, reducing chemistry of the early atmosphere, and the production and radiative forcing of Titan-like photochemical hazes that likely enshrouded the Earth at this time. likely enshrouded the Earth at this time.)
- Model:IDA + (IDA formulates the task of determing the d … IDA formulates the task of determing the drainage area, given flow directions, as a system of implicit equations. This allows the use of iterative solvers, which have the advantages of being parallelizable on distributed memory systems and widely available through libraries such as PETSc.</br></br>Using the open source PETSc library (which must be downloaded and installed separately), IDA permits large landscapes to be divided among processors, reducing total runtime and memory requirements per processor.</br></br>It is possible to reduce run time with the use of an initial guess of the drainage area. This can either be provided as a file, or use a serial algorithm on each processor to correctly determine the drainage area for the cells that do not receive flow from outside the processor's domain.</br></br>The hybrid IDA method, which is enabled with the -onlycrossborder option, uses a serial algorithm to solve for local drainage on each processor, and then only uses the parallel iterative solver to incorporate flow between processor domains. This generally results in a significant reduction in total runtime.</br></br>Currently only D8 flow directions are supported. Inputs and outputs are raw binary files.. Inputs and outputs are raw binary files.)
- Model:ISSM + (ISSM is the result of a collaboration betw … ISSM is the result of a collaboration between the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and University of California at Irvine. Its purpose is to tackle the challenge of modeling the evolution of the polar ice caps in Greenland and Antarctica.</br>ISSM is open source and is funded by the NASA Cryosphere, GRACE Science Team, ICESat Research, ICESat-2 Research, NASA Sea-Level Change Team (N-SLCT), IDS (Interdisciplinary Research in Earth Science), ESI (Earth Surface and Interior), and MAP (Modeling Analysis and Prediction) programs, JPL R&TD (Research, Technology and Development) and the National Science Foundationvelopment) and the National Science Foundation)
- Model:IceFlow + (IceFlow simulates ice dynamics by solving … IceFlow simulates ice dynamics by solving equations for internal deformation and simplified basal sliding in glacial systems. It is designed for computational efficiency by using the shallow ice approximation for driving stress, which it solves alongside basal sliding using a semi-implicit direct solver. IceFlow is integrated with GRASS GIS to automatically generate input grids from a geospatial database.te input grids from a geospatial database.)
- Model:Icepack + (Icepack is a Python package for simulating … Icepack is a Python package for simulating the flow of glaciers and ice sheets, as well as for solving glaciological data assimilation problems. The main goal for icepack is to produce a tool that researchers and students can learn to use quickly and easily, whether or not they are experts in high-performance computing. Icepack is built on the finite element modeling library firedrake, which implements the domain-specific language UFL for the specification of PDEs.anguage UFL for the specification of PDEs.)
- Model:ChannelProfiler + (In order to extract channel networks, the … In order to extract channel networks, the flow connectivity across the grid must already be identified. This is typically done with the FlowAccumulator component. However, this component does not require that the FlowAccumulator was used. Instead it expects that the following at-node grid fields will be present:<br></br>'flow__receiver_node'<br></br>'flow__link_to_receiver_node'<br></br>The ChannelProfiler can work on grids that have used route-to-one or route-to-multiple flow directing. have used route-to-one or route-to-multiple flow directing.)
- Model:HIM + (It is a C-grid, isopycnal coordinate, primitive equation model, simulating the ocean by numerically solving the Boussinesq primitive equations in isopycnal vertical coordinates and general orthogonal horizontal coordinates.)
- Model:WOFOST + (It is a mechanistic model that explains cr … It is a mechanistic model that explains crop growth on the basis of the underlying processes, such as photosynthesis, respiration and how these processes are influenced by environmental conditions. </br></br>With WOFOST, you can calculate attainable crop production, biomass, water use, etc. for a location given knowledge about soil type, crop type, weather data and crop management factors (e.g. sowing date). WOFOST has been used by many researchers over the World and has been applied for many crops over a large range of climatic and management conditions. WOFOST is one of the key components of the European MARS crop yield forecasting system. In the Global Yield Gap Atlas (GYGA) WOFOST is used to estimate the untapped crop production potential on existing farmland based on current climate and available soil and water resources.te and available soil and water resources.)
- Model:FUNDY + (It solves the linearized shallow water equations forced by tidal or other barotropic boundary conditions, wind or a density gradient using linear finite elements.)
- Model:ACADIA + (It tracks any number of different depth-averaged transport variables and is usually used in conjunction with QUODDY simulations.)
- Model:LEMming + (LEMming tracks regolith and sediment fluxe … LEMming tracks regolith and sediment fluxes, including bedrock erosion by streams and rockfall from steep slopes. Initial landscape form and stratigraphic structure are prescribed. Model grid cells with slope angles above a threshold, and which correspond to the appropriate rock type, are designated as candidate sources for rockfall. Rockfall erosion of the cliffband is simulated by instantaneously reducing the height of a randomly chosen grid cell that is susceptible to failure to that of its nearest downhill neighbor among the eight cells bordering it. This volume of rockfall debris is distributed across the landscape below this cell according to rules that weight the likelihood of each downhill cell to retain rockfall debris. The weighting is based on local conditions such as slope angle, topographic curvature, and distance and direction from the rockfall source. Rockfall debris and the bedrock types are each differentiated by the rate at which they weather to regolith and by their fluvial erodibility. Regolith is moved according to transport rules mimicking hillslope processes (dependent on local slope angle), and bedload and suspended load transport (based on stream power). Regolith and sediment transport are limited by available material; bedrock incision occurs (also based on stream power) where bare rock is exposed. stream power) where bare rock is exposed.)
- Model:LEMming2 + (LEMming2 is a 2D, finite-difference landsc … LEMming2 is a 2D, finite-difference landscape evolution model that simulates the retreat of hard-capped cliffs. It implements common unit-stream-power and linear/nonlinear-diffusion erosion equations on a 2D regular grid. Arbitrary stratigraphy may be defined. Cliff retreat is facilitated by a cellular algorithm, and rockfall debris is distributed and redistributed to the angle of repose. It is a standalone model written in Matlab with some C components.</br></br>This repo contains the code used and described by Ward (2019) Lithosphere: "Dip, layer spacing, and incision rate controls on the formation of strike valleys, cuestas, and cliffbands in heterogeneous stratigraphy". Given the inputs in that paper it should generate the same results.paper it should generate the same results.)