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Presenters-0627 + (Urban areas located along the coastline fa … Urban areas located along the coastline face critical choices in the coming decades to respond effectively to climate change, especially with regards to sea level rise (SLR) and intensified ocean storms. These choices include adaptation to let the water in, retreat to avoid new flooded areas, or resilient infrastructure to keep the water out. Nature-based solutions (NBS), which range from restoration of existing ecosystems to infrastructure inspired by natural ecosystems, have the potential to soften the consequences of choosing either hard infrastructure or adaptation. However, in urban environments the lack of available land space may reduce the efficacy of traditional NBS (e.g. living shorelines). Here, we present work to understand and alleviate the problem of NBS efficacy in an urban area with little space to give back to the natural environment. We use coastal hydrodynamic models of the Boston Harbor to show the potential for a range of NBS to protect against storms and SLR with the available area for these kinds of infrastructure projects. We further show how these models can be simplified and used as tools to understand trade-offs between NBS, hard infrastructure, and retreat, which may be as likely to come from an adaptation strategy as from SLR. Finally, we discuss our models of combinations of these solutions, and the current potential for NBS to protect an urban area from climate change.protect an urban area from climate change.)
Presenters-0408 + (Using CSDMS in the Classroom - Learn about … Using CSDMS in the Classroom - Learn about CSDMS software for running a suite of earth surface models through a web-based modeling tool (WMT). This webinar will share improved ways of using this tool in the classroom, gives a quick reminder demo, and points in detail to the resources online.'''Instructor:''' Irina Overeem, CSDMS Deputy Director, University of Colorado, Boulder Director, University of Colorado, Boulder)
Presenters-0441 + (Using the CSDMS tools and resources, we ha … Using the CSDMS tools and resources, we have developed a new model coupling river, floodplain, and coastal processes to explore how interactions between upstream and downstream controls in a fluvio-deltaic system affect river channel processes and large-scale delta morphology. The River Avulsion and Floodplain Evolution Model (RAFEM, written in Python) and Coastline Evolution Model (CEM, written in C) are coupled using the CSDMS Basic Model Interface (BMI) and are available as part of the CSDMS software stack. Using the CSDMS High Performance Computing Cluster and the Dakota toolkit, we have explored how the wave climate (wave heights and offshore approach angles), sea-level rise rate, and the amount of in-channel aggradation required to trigger an avulsion (superelevation) influence avulsion frequency and location, impacting both delta morphology and the resulting stratigraphy. The model is structured modularly to invite further couplings with additional model components in the future.additional model components in the future.)
Presenters-0128 + (Vegetation in river channels and on floodp … Vegetation in river channels and on floodplains alters mean flow conditions, turbulence, sediment transport rates and local sedimentation patterns. Although many advances have been made to predict the impact of vegetation on flow conditions, relatively few studies have investigated how vegetation influences bedload fluxes. We first investigate how known vegetation impacts on flow turbulence can be used to better predict bedload transport and sedimentation within vegetation patches. To elucidate these mechanics we measured 2D velocity fields using PIV and bedload fluxes using high-speed video in simplified flume experiments. We used these laboratory measurements to test and develop bedload transport equations for vegetated conditions. Bedload transport equations did not accurately predict sediment fluxes unless they accounted for the spatial variability in the near-bed Reynolds stress. We then use this patch scale understanding to better predict how vegetation impacts channel morphology. Specifically, we investigate how vegetation influences point bar growth and shape through coupled laboratory experiments and 2D numerical modeling. We measured bedload fluxes, flow conditions and sedimentation rates on a point bar planted with natural vegetation at the Saint Anthony Falls Outdoor Stream Lab. We then calculated the detailed 2D flow field over the point bar throughout imposed flow hydrographs. Our results demonstrate that vegetation caused significant changes in the bar dimensions and depending on the flow level, led to the development of a side channel between the bar and the inner bank of the meander. Such a side channel could precipitate a change in channel morphology to a multi-thread channel. Accurate predictions of sedimentation caused by vegetation patches not only require an estimate of the spatial variation in shear stress (or velocity) within a patch but also how the vegetation alters the adjacent flow field and bedload sediment supply to the patch. and bedload sediment supply to the patch.)
Presenters-0644 + (Vegetation is a critical ecogeomorphic age … Vegetation is a critical ecogeomorphic agent within landscapes and is instrumental to many physical, biochemical, and ecological processes that can vary across spatial and temporal scales (e.g., erosion, sediment deposition, primary productivity, nutrient cycling, etc.). Modeling vegetation dynamics can be challenging, not only because of these scale-dependent variations, but also because of the breadth of existing approaches. The purpose of this clinic is to provide a technical overview for incorporating or developing vegetation models for earth surface dynamics modeling questions. The instructors will introduce vegetation processes commonly modeled, existing types of vegetation models, and how to choose an appropriate level of complexity for your system. Attendees will gain hands-on experience with existing vegetation components within and outside the Landlab system. These models will include the Cellular Automaton Tree Grass Simulator (CATGraSS), a mechanistic, photosynthesis-driven generalized vegetation model as well as how to incorporate vegetation models from Netlogo into Landlab. While active developers in the Landlab community will find this clinic useful, advanced programming experience is not needed.nced programming experience is not needed.)
Presenters-0656 + (Vivian Grom, Louisiana State University &a … Vivian Grom, Louisiana State University & Pedro Silvestre, Queens College CUNY"DEM Data Compared to Synthetic Data in LEMS: Study Case on Teton Fault, Wyoming"Larry Syu-Heng Lai, University of Washington"Fluvial Sedimentary Response to Large Deep-seated Landslide Events"Katrina Cruz Magno, Stanford University & Prati Regmi, North Carolina State University"Simulating Wildfire Ash Transport Following a Precipitation Event by Coupling DORADO and Overland Flow"Sarah Brannum, Louisiana State University"Impact of Vegetation Coastal Resiliency on Aeolian Dunes and Coastal River Deltas"iliency on Aeolian Dunes and Coastal River Deltas")
Presenters-0563 + (Water -- we drink it, we bathe in it, we f … Water -- we drink it, we bathe in it, we feed it to our plants, we gaze admiringly as it falls off cliffs -- but how does it get from the sky to your tap? Will it always be free to chisel windingly through the countryside and leap from dazzling heights?The open-source model mosartwmpy (aka "wimpy") offers researchers a bird's eye view of water movement and reservoir operations across the conterminous United States. Wimpy has been translated into Python from its ancestor MOSART-WM (Model Of Scale Adaptive River Transport and Water Management) without sacrificing performance, leading to a more widely accessible and extensible model. By implementing the Basic Model Interface (BMI), Wimpy provides a familiar workflow with interoperability at the heart.This clinic will introduce mosartwmpy at a high-level and provide a hands-on, interactive tutorial demonstrating its capabilities for studying water shortages. Attendees should leave armed with a stronger understanding of the interplay between water movement and reservoir storage, and with the confidence to utilize mosartwmpy in their own research. utilize mosartwmpy in their own research.)
Presenters-0074 + (Water – too little, too much – will likely … Water – too little, too much – will likely be the biggest future climate challenge for the world. This will be particularly true in vulnerable regions in Africa, where the response of rainfall to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations is a critical socio-economic issue, with implications for water resources, agriculture, and potential conflict. The geological record finds tropical Africa at times hyperarid and at other times covered with large megalakes, with abrupt transitions between these humid and dry states. Climate modeling allows us to explore the processes that combined to produce these past changes. In this talk, I will highlight what has been learned about the glacial-interglacial variations of African hydroclimate from models and data. Together, they provide a perspective on projections of future precipitation changes over tropical Africa.recipitation changes over tropical Africa.)
Presenters-0508 + (Watersheds are complex natural landscape f … Watersheds are complex natural landscape features that contain hillslopes and channel-networks. An entropy-based approach is used to explore the role of channel-network and hillslope towards the contribution to watershed complexity. The structural complexity is evaluated using width-function, which characterizes the spatial arrangement of channels, whereas incremental area-function, capturing the patterns of transport of fluxes, is used to study the functional complexity. Based on several catchments across the United States, our results show that hillslopes add significant complexity to the catchments and suggest the amount of hillslope information needed for accurate predictive modeling of hydrologic processes at the catchment scale.drologic processes at the catchment scale.)
Presenters-0512 + (We examine the distribution of waterbody s … We examine the distribution of waterbody sizes on lowland arctic deltas and explore whether ephemeral wetlands versus perennial lakes have different size distributions. We document that lake areas follow a lognormal distribution, while wetland area follow a power law distribution. We propose a mechanistic model of thermokarst lake growth which is consistent with the observed lognormal distribution, and argue that the power law distribution of wetland area is consistent with an inundated rough landscape, as observed in temperate wetlands. We conclude by examining the implications of these contrasting two processes on projections of future lake area change.on projections of future lake area change.)
Presenters-0510 + (We illustrate results from a Landlab compo … We illustrate results from a Landlab component that uses the framework and geomorphic transport laws developed by Sklar et al. (2017) to model the grain-size distribution resulting from the transformation of rock to soil. The equations model grain-size distribution as a function of weathering and denudation rate. We have implemented these equations to explore controls on sediment grain size in different parts of the Rio Blanco watershed, Puerto Rico. of the Rio Blanco watershed, Puerto Rico.)
Presenters-0100 + (We investigate the feedbacks between surfa … We investigate the feedbacks between surface processes and tectonics in an extensional setting by coupling a 2-D geodynamical model with a landscape evolution law. Focusing on the evolution of a single normal fault, we show that surface processes significantly enhance the amount of horizontal extension a fault can accommodate before being abandoned in favor of a new fault. In simulations with very slow erosion rates, a 15 km- thick brittle layer extends via a succession of crosscutting short-lived faults (heave < 5 km). By contrast, when erosion rates are comparable to the regional extension velocity deformation is accommodated on long-lived faults (heave >10 km). Using simple scaling arguments, we quantify the effect of surface mass removal on the force balance acting on a growing normal fault. This leads us to propose that the major range-bounding normal faults observed in many continental rifts owe their large offsets to erosional and depositional processes.offsets to erosional and depositional processes.)
Presenters-0075 + (We present results from a climate model in … We present results from a climate model integration with a multi-scale ocean component capable of locally enhancing resolution. The model is the NCAR Community Earth System Model (CESM), in which the ocean component contains a high-resolution ROMS nest for either the California Current System or the Benguela Current. In this presentation we will show results from century-long integrations showing that the better representation of coastal upwelling has both regional and global ramifications to the climate system. Using a comparative analysis of the two upwelling systems, we will show that enhancing the climate model representation of boundary currents is not simply a matter of enhanced resolution. Finally, we will use our multi-scale setup to distinguish between the role of atmospheric tele-connections and oceanic advection in propagating the upwelling signal.ction in propagating the upwelling signal.)
Presenters-0132 + (We use numerical modeling to explain how d … We use numerical modeling to explain how deltaic processes and morphology are controlled by properties of the sediment input to the delta apex. We conducted 36 numerical experiments of delta formation varying the following sediment properties: median grain size, grain-size distribution shape, and percent cohesive sediment. As the dominant grain size increases deltas undergo a morphological transition from elongate with few channels to semi-circular with many channels. This transition occurs because the critical shear stress for erosion and the settling velocity of grains in transport set both the number of channel mouths on the delta and the dominant delta-building process. Together, the number of channel mouths and dominant process – channel avulsion, mouth bar growth, or levee growth – set the delta morphology. Coarse-grained, non-cohesive deltas have many channels that are dominated by avulsion, creating semi-circular planforms with relatively smooth delta fronts. Intermediate-grained deltas have many channels that are dominated by mouth bar growth, creating semi-circular planforms with bifurcated channel networks and rugose delta fronts. Fine-grained, cohesive deltas have a few channels, the majority of which are dominated by levee growth, creating elongate planforms with smooth delta fronts. The process-based model presented here provides a previously lacking mechanistic understanding of the effects of sediment properties on delta channel network and planform morphology.a channel network and planform morphology.)

Presenters-0069 + (Welcom)

Presenters-0438 + (What are your colleagues doing to make the … What are your colleagues doing to make their models FAIR - Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable? What do publishers and editors expect, and how can you meet those requirements? There are a wide range of practices in use today. Learn what's going on in the CSDMS community and the broader Earth science community for making models and scientific code FAIR. Pre-registration required.fic code FAIR. Pre-registration required.)
Presenters-0170 + (What determines the style of river delta g … What determines the style of river delta growth? How do deltas change after fluvial sediment supply is cut off? River delta evolution is characterized by the progradation and transgression of individual (deltaic) lobes: the delta cycle. We investigate the behaviour of wave-influenced deltas with a simple shoreline model, and quantitatively relate several first-order controls.ively relate several first-order controls.)
Presenters-0591 + (When a tree falls into a river becomes ins … When a tree falls into a river becomes instream large wood and promotes fundamental changes in river hydraulics and morphology, playing a relevant role in river ecology. By interacting with the flow and sediment, the instream large wood (i.e., downed trees, trunks, root wads and branches) contributes to maintaining the river's physical and ecological integrity. However, large quantities of wood can be transported and deposited during floods, enhancing the adverse effects of flooding at critical sections like bridges. Accurate predictions of large wood dynamics in terms of fluxes, depositional patterns, trajectories, and travel distance, still need to be improved, and observations remain scarce. Only recently, numerical models can help to this end.In contrast to other fluvial components such as fluid flow and sediment, for which numerical models have been extensively developed and applied over decades, numerical modelling of wood transport is still in its infancy. In this talk, I will describe the most recent advances and challenges related to the numerical modelling of instream large wood transport in rivers, focusing on the numerical model Iber-Wood. Iber-Wood is a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model that couples a Eulerian approach for hydrodynamics and sediment transport to a discrete element (i.e., Lagrangian) approach for wood elements. The model has been widely validated using flume and field observations and applied to several case studies and has been proven to accurately reproduce wood trajectories, patterns of wood deposition, and impacts of wood accumulations during floods.pacts of wood accumulations during floods.)
Presenters-0479 + (Why is object-oriented programming importa … Why is object-oriented programming important? We'll consider this from the perspective of a grad student starting a research project, a postdoc scrambling to publish papers, a researcher starting a collaboration, and a professor leading a group of students and postdocs. (15 min)Where can you find good, reliable information on object-oriented programming? The internet is filled with content from others who have devoted their careers to this topic. We'll show you where we think are the best places to get more information. (5 min)How does object-oriented programming work? We'll give a concrete demonstration of object-oriented programming in Python. Again, others have done this better, but seeing it in action may help you get a jump on using it yourself. (10 min) get a jump on using it yourself. (10 min))
Presenters-0478 + (Why is unit testing important? We'll consi … Why is unit testing important? We'll consider this from the perspective of a grad student starting a research project, a postdoc scrambling to publish papers, a researcher starting a collaboration, and a professor leading a group of students and postdocs. (15 min)Where can you find good, reliable information on unit testing? The internet is filled with content from others who have devoted their careers to this topic. We'll show you where we think are the best places to get more information. (5 min)How does unit testing work? We'll give a concrete demonstration of unit testing in Python with pytest. Again, others have done this better, but seeing it in action may help you get a jump on using it yourself. (10 min) get a jump on using it yourself. (10 min))
Presenters-0477 + (Why is version control important? We'll co … Why is version control important? We'll consider this from the perspective of a grad student starting a research project, a postdoc scrambling to publish papers, a researcher starting a collaboration, and a professor leading a group of students and postdocs. (15 min)Where can you find good, reliable information on version control? The internet is filled with content from others who have devoted their careers to this topic. We'll show you where we think are the best places to get more information. (5 min)How does version control work? We'll give a concrete demonstration of version control using GitHub. Again, others have done this better, but seeing it in action may help you get a jump on using it yourself. (10 min) get a jump on using it yourself. (10 min))
Presenters-0463 + (Within our lifetime, climate change has th … Within our lifetime, climate change has the potential to drastically alter coastal resiliency. Atoll island nations are particularly vulnerable to climate change: from increasing ocean temperatures (causing coral die-off), to ocean acidification (decreasing coral resiliency), to increasing SLR. We must understand what will happen to the atoll islands since the land is where people live. However, we lack a comprehensive understanding about the primary processes driving atoll island evolution under rising sea levels and varying wave climate. This uncertainty in predictions hinders local communities’ preparation for the future; we must understand how atoll islands respond and evolve with changing environmental forcings on a global scale. However, to predict the response of these islands to changing climate, we must understand the feedbacks between physical and ecological processes at different temporal and spatial scales. In addition, we must account for the actions and processes taken by humans driving landscape change on these islands. My lab has focused on investigating the feedbacks inherent in these landscapes using numerical modeling and remote sensing.ing numerical modeling and remote sensing.)
Presenters-0527 + (Within our lifetime, climate change has th … Within our lifetime, climate change has the potential to drastically alter coastal resiliency. Atoll island nations are particularly vulnerable to climate change: from increasing ocean temperatures (causing coral die-off), to ocean acidification (decreasing coral resiliency), to increasing SLR. We must understand what will happen to the atoll islands because they are the inhabited portion of these systems. However, we lack a comprehensive understanding about the primary processes driving atoll island evolution under rising sea levels and varying wave climate. This uncertainty in predictions hinders local communities’ preparation for the future; we must understand how atoll islands respond and evolve with changing environmental forcings on a global scale. To predict the response of these islands to changing climate, we must understand the feedbacks between physical and ecological processes at different temporal and spatial scales. In addition, we must account for the actions and processes taken by humans driving landscape change on these islands. My lab has focused on investigating the feedbacks inherent in these landscapes using numerical modeling and remote sensing.ing numerical modeling and remote sensing.)
Presenters-0119 + (Writing the software to implement a two-di … Writing the software to implement a two-dimensional numerical model can be a daunting exercise, even when the underlying discretization and numerical schemes are relatively simple. The challenge is even greater when the desired model includes ``advanced'' features such as an unstructured grid, a staggered-grid numerical solver, or input/output operations on gridded data. Landlab is a Python-language programming library that makes the process of 2D model-building simpler and more efficient. Landlab's core features include: (1) a gridding engine that lets you create and configure a structured or unstructured grid in just a few lines of code, and to attach data directly to the grid; (2) a library of pre-built process components that saves you from having to re-invent the wheel with common geoscience algorithms (such as flow routing on gridded terrain, linear and nonlinear diffusion, and elastic plate flexure); (3) a mechanism for coupling components together to create integrated model; and (4) a suite of tools for input/output and other common operations. Although Landlab's components are primarily related to earth-surface dynamics (including geomorphology and hydrology), its basic framework is applicable to many types of geophysical system. This clinic provides a hands-on tutorial introduction to Landlab. Participants will learn about Landlab's capabilities, and how to use it to build and run simple 2D models. Familiarity with the Python language and the Numpy library is helpful but not critical.Numpy library is helpful but not critical.)
Presenters-0505 + (https://csdms.colorado.edu/wiki/2020_CSDMS … https://csdms.colorado.edu/wiki/2020_CSDMS_meeting-068, Landslides are key agents of sediment production and transport. Ongoing efforts to map and simulate landslides continuously improve our knowledge of landslide mechanisms. However, understanding sediment dynamics following landslide events is equally crucial for developing hazard mitigation strategies. An outstanding research challenge is to better constrain the dynamic feedbacks between landslides and fluvial processes. Fluvial processes simultaneously (i) act as conveyor belts evacuating landslide-derived sediment and (ii) lower the hillslope’s base level triggering further landsliding. Landslides in turn can choke river channels with sediment, thereby critically altering fluvial responses to external tectonic or climatic perturbations. Here, we present HYLANDS, a hybrid landscape evolution model, which is designed to numerically simulate both landslide activity and sediment dynamics following mass failure. The hybrid nature of the model is in its capacity to simulate both erosion and deposition at any place in the landscape. This is achieved by coupling the existing SPACE (Stream Power with Alluvium Conservation and Entrainment) model for channel incision with a new module simulating rapid, stochastic mass wasting (landsliding). In this contribution, we first illustrate the functionality of HYLANDS to capture river dynamics ranging from detachment-limited to transport-limited configurations. Subsequently, we apply the model to a portion of the Namch-Barwa massive in Eastern Tibet and compare simulated and observed landslide magnitude-frequency and area-volume scaling relationships. Finally, we illustrate the relevance of explicitly simulating stochastic landsliding and sediment dynamics over longer timescales on landscape evolution in general and river dynamics in particular under varying climatologic and tectonic configurations.With HYLANDS we provide a hybrid tool to understand both the long and short-term coupling between stochastic hillslope processes, river incision and source-to-sink sediment dynamics. We further highlight the unique potential of bridging those timescales to generate better assessments of both on-site and downstream landslide risks.th on-site and downstream landslide risks.)
Presenters-0593 + (icepack is a Python software package for s … icepack is a Python software package for simulating the flow of glaciers and ice sheets. Icepack is built on top of the finite element modeling library Firedrake, which makes it possible to describe physics problems using a domain-specific language (DSL) embedded into Python. This DSL makes the code you write look much more like the underlying math. Using this DSL, we've been able to create an ice flow model that users can easily extend and modify -- for example, substituting in your own sliding law -- while at the same time insulating them from some of the messier aspects of numerical modeling. In this talk, I'll describe some of the design decisions that went into icepack and why we made them as well as how we've involved graduate students in the development process. Finally, I'll give a live demo and discuss some future directions.e demo and discuss some future directions.)
Presenters-0616 + (icepack is a Python software package for s … icepack is a Python software package for simulating the flow of glaciers and ice sheets. Icepack is built on top of the finite element modeling library Firedrake, which makes it possible to describe physics problems using a domain-specific language (DSL) embedded into Python. This DSL makes the code you write look much more like the underlying math. Using this DSL, we've been able to create an ice flow model that users can easily extend and modify -- for example, substituting in your own sliding law -- while at the same time insulating them from some of the messier aspects of numerical modeling. In this talk, I'll describe some of the design decisions that went into icepack and why we made them as well as how we've involved graduate students in the development process. Finally, I'll give a live demo and discuss some future directions.e demo and discuss some future directions.)
Presenters-0433 + (meanderpy is a Python implementation of a … meanderpy is a Python implementation of a simple kinematic model of meandering, based on the Howard and Knutson (1984) model. In contrast with previous implementations, we assume a simple linear relationship between curvature and migration rate and, using time-lapse satellite imagery, show that the model predicts 55% of the variance in migration rates in seven rivers of the Amazon Basin. It also predicts the formation of autogenic counter point bars: deposits related to channel segments along which the curvature and migration rate vectors have opposing orientations. These finer-grained deposit types tend to form on the upstream side of high-curvature, short bends that rapidly translate downstream. Wrapping simple geomorphic surfaces around the centerlines allows us to build three-dimensional stratigraphic models of both fluvial and submarine meandering systems. fluvial and submarine meandering systems.)