Model help:HydroTrend: Difference between revisions
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| Site prefix | | Site prefix | ||
| Part of the input and output file name e.g. the name of the location, or project | | Part of the input and output file name e.g. the name of the geographic location, or project | ||
| [-] | | [-] | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|width="20%"| [°C] | |width="20%"| [°C] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Change in mean annual temperature | | Change in mean annual temperature | ||
| | | The trend or change per year in the annual temperature | ||
|[°C/year] | | [°C/year] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Standard deviation of mean annual temperature | | Standard deviation of mean annual temperature | ||
| | | The standard deviation about the trend line that the annual temperatures will have. | ||
|[°C] | | [°C] | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|width="20%"| [m/year] | |width="20%"| [m/year] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|change in mean annual precipitation | | change in mean annual precipitation | ||
| | | The trend or change in the total annual precipitation | ||
|[m/year/year] | | [m/year/year] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Standard deviation of mean annual precipitation | | Standard deviation of mean annual precipitation | ||
| | | The standard deviation about the trend line that the annual precipitation will have. | ||
|[m/year] | | [m/year] | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|width="20%"| Lithology factor | |width="20%"| Lithology factor | ||
|width="60%"| | |width="60%"| Sediment production varies with lithology, hard versus weak lithology: (0.5 - 3): | ||
* L=0.5 for basins comprised principally of hard, acid plutonic and/or high-grade metamorphic rocks. | |||
* L=0.75 for basins comprised of mixed, mostly hard lithology, sometimes including shield material. | |||
* L=1.0 for basins comprised of volcanic, mostly basaltic rocks, or carbonate outcrops, or mixture of hard and soft lithologies. | |||
* L=1.5 for basins characterized by a predominance of softer lithologies, but having a significant area of harder lithologies. | |||
* L=2 for fluvial systems draining a high proportion of sedimentary rocks, unconsolidated sedimentary cover, or alluvial deposits. | |||
* L=3 for basins having an abundance of exceptionally weak material, such as crushed rock, or loess deposits, or shifting sand dunes. | |||
|width="20%"| [-] | |width="20%"| [-] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Anthropogenic facor | | Anthropogenic facor | ||
| | | Anthropogenic factor (0.3 - 8.0), disturbance to landscape: | ||
* Eh = 0.3: for basins with a high density population (PD > 200 km2) and GNP/capita > $15K/y | |||
* Eh = 1.0: for basins with low human footprint (PD smaller than 50 km2) | |||
* Eh = 2.0 - 8.0: for basins with the high density population (PD > 200 km2) and GNP/capita is lower than $1K/y | |||
| [-] | | [-] | ||
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| Dry precipitation (nival and ice) evaporation fraction | | Dry precipitation (nival and ice) evaporation fraction | ||
| | | The percentage of the dry precipitation (nival&ice) which will be evaporated. | ||
| [-] | | [-] | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| Mean volume of reservoir | | Mean volume of reservoir | ||
| | | If the reservoir capacity is more than 0.5km<sup>3</sup>, Trap Efficiency (TEbasin) will be calculated based by: (TEbasin = 1.0 - (0.05 / exp(Rvol/RQbar)<sup>0.5</sup>, where Rvol = Reservoir volume and RQbar = the mean inflow discharge)<ref>Vörösmarty, C.J., Meybeck, M., Fekete, B., and Sharma, K. (1997) The potential of neo-Castorization on sediment transport by the global network of rivers. ''Human Impact on Erosion and Sedimentation'', IAHS, '''245''', 261-273.</ref>.<br>If the reservoir capacity is less than 0.5km<sup>3</sup>, (TEbasin = ( 1.0 - (1.0 / (1 + 0.0021 *D * ((Rvol * 1e9) / Rarea)))) where Rvol = Reservoir volume and Rarea (km<sup>2</sup>) = drainage area above the Reservoir) and D, set to 0.1, represents the reservoir characteristics <ref>Verstraeten G., and Poesen, J. (2000) Estimating trap efficiency of small reservoirs and ponds: methods and implications for the assessment of sediment yield. ''Progress in Physical Geography'', '''24''', 219-251.</ref> | ||
| [km<sup>3</sup>] | | [km<sup>3</sup>] | ||
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[[User:WikiSysop|Albert Kettner]] | [[User:WikiSysop|Albert Kettner]] | ||
== | ==Key HydroTrend Papers== | ||
* Kettner, A.J., and Syvitski, J.P.M., 2008. HydroTrend version 3.0: a Climate-Driven Hydrological Transport Model that Simulates Discharge and Sediment Load leaving a River System. ''Computers & Geosciences'', '''34'''(10), 1170-1183, doi:[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2008.02.008 10.1016/j.cageo.2008.02.008]. | * Kettner, A.J., and Syvitski, J.P.M., 2008. HydroTrend version 3.0: a Climate-Driven Hydrological Transport Model that Simulates Discharge and Sediment Load leaving a River System. ''Computers & Geosciences'', '''34'''(10), 1170-1183, doi:[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2008.02.008 10.1016/j.cageo.2008.02.008]. | ||
* Syvitski, J.P.M., Morehead, M.D. and Nicholson, M., 1998. HYDROTREND: A Climate-driven Hydrologic-Transport Model for Predicting Discharge and Sediment Loads to Lakes or Oceans. ''Computers & Geosciences'', '''24'''(1), 51-68, doi:[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(97)00083-6 10.1016/S0098-3004(97)00083-6]. | * Syvitski, J.P.M., Morehead, M.D. and Nicholson, M., 1998. HYDROTREND: A Climate-driven Hydrologic-Transport Model for Predicting Discharge and Sediment Loads to Lakes or Oceans. ''Computers & Geosciences'', '''24'''(1), 51-68, doi:[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(97)00083-6 10.1016/S0098-3004(97)00083-6]. | ||
* Syvitski, J.P.M., and J.M. Alcott, 1995. RIVER3: Simulation of River Discharge and Sediment Transport. ''Computers and Geosciences'', '''21'''(1), 89-101, doi:[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(94)00062-Y 10.1016/0098-3004(94)00062-Y]. | * Syvitski, J.P.M., and J.M. Alcott, 1995. RIVER3: Simulation of River Discharge and Sediment Transport. ''Computers and Geosciences'', '''21'''(1), 89-101, doi:[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(94)00062-Y 10.1016/0098-3004(94)00062-Y]. | ||
==References== | |||
<references/> | |||
==Links== | ==Links== |
Revision as of 07:10, 2 November 2010
HydroTrend
Climate driven hydrological transport model
Model introduction
HydroTrend is an ANSI-standard C numerical model that creates synthetic river discharge and sediment load time series as a function of climate trends and basin morphology and has been used to study the sediment flux to a basin for basin filling models. As a drainage basin simulator, the model provides time series of daily discharge hydraulics at a river mouth, including the sediment load properties. HydroTrend was designed to provide input to lake or shelf circulation and sedimentation models (Steckler et al., 1996; Syvitski and Alcott, 1995b), and study the impact of land-sea fluxes given climatic change scenarios (Moore, 1992; Syvitski and Andrews, 1994). HydroTrend simulates the major processes that occur in a river basin, including:
- Glacierized areas with advances and retreats depending on the climate scenario,
- Snow accumulation in the winter and melt in the subsequent spring/summer,
- Rainfall over the remaining portions of the basin with canopy evaporation,
- Groundwater recharging and discharging,
- The impact of reservoirs.
Model parameters
Uses ports
This will be something that the CSDMS facility will add
Provides ports
This will be something that the CSDMS facility will add
Main equations
Q | = Qr + Qn + Qice - QEv ± Qg | = Water discharge at the river mouth [m3/s] | (1) | |
Qs | = ω B Q0.31 A0.5 R T | for T ≥ 2 °C | = Long-term suspended sediment load at the river mouth [kg/s] | (2a) or |
Qs | = 2ω B Q0.31 A0.5 R | for T < 2 °C | = Long-term suspended sediment load at the river mouth [kg/s] | (2b) |
B | = L (1 - TE) Eh | = importance of geology and human factors | (3) | |
(Qs[i] / Qs) | = ψ[i] (Q[i] / Q)Ca | = Daily suspended sediment load at the river mouth [kg/s] | (4) | |
Qb[i] | = (ρs / ρs - ρ) * (ρ g Q[i]β S eb) / (g tan λ) | when u ≥ ucr | = Daily bedload at the river mouth [kg/s] | (5) |
Nomenclature
Symbol | Description | Unit |
---|---|---|
Q | Long-term water discharge | [m3/s] |
Qr | Water discharge generated by rainfall | [m3/s] |
Qn | Water discharge generated by nival melt | [m3/s] |
Qice | Water discharge generated by glacier melt | [m3/s] |
QEv | Water discharge loss by evapo-transpiration processes | [m3/s] |
Qg | Water discharge loss or generated by ground water | [m3/s] |
Qs | Long-term suspended sediment load (30yrs or longer) | [kg/s] |
ω | Constant, (0.02) | [-] |
A | Drainage basin area | [km2] |
R | Drainage basin relief | [km] |
T | Drainage basin temporal and spatial mean temperature | [°C] |
L | Lithology factor | [-] |
TE | Trapping efficiency of reservoirs / lakes | [-] |
Eh | Anthropogenic factor | [-] |
Qs[i] | Daily suspended sediment load | [kg/s] |
Ψ[i] | Daily random variable with a log-normal distribution | [-] |
Q[i] | Daily water discharge | [m3/s] |
Ca | Annual rating term coefficient with a normal distrbution | [-] |
Qb[i] | Daily bedload | [kg/s] |
ρs | Sand density | [kg/m3] |
ρ | Fluid density | [kg/m3] |
g | Acceleration due to gravity | [m/s2] |
β | Bedload rating term | [-] |
S | Slope of the riverbed | [m/m] |
eb | Bedload efficiency | [-] |
λ | Limiting angle of response of sediment grains lying on the river bed | [-] |
u | Stream velocity | [m/s] |
ucr | Critical stream velocity | [m/s] |
Notes
Any notes, comments, you want to share with the user
Numerical scheme
Examples
An example run with input parameters, BLD files, as well as a figure / movie of the output
Follow the next steps to include images / movies of simulations:
- Upload file: http://csdms.colorado.edu/wiki/Special:Upload
- Create link to the file on your page: [[Image:<file name>]].
See also: Help:Images or Help:Movies
Developer(s)
Key HydroTrend Papers
- Kettner, A.J., and Syvitski, J.P.M., 2008. HydroTrend version 3.0: a Climate-Driven Hydrological Transport Model that Simulates Discharge and Sediment Load leaving a River System. Computers & Geosciences, 34(10), 1170-1183, doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2008.02.008.
- Syvitski, J.P.M., Morehead, M.D. and Nicholson, M., 1998. HYDROTREND: A Climate-driven Hydrologic-Transport Model for Predicting Discharge and Sediment Loads to Lakes or Oceans. Computers & Geosciences, 24(1), 51-68, doi:10.1016/S0098-3004(97)00083-6.
- Syvitski, J.P.M., and J.M. Alcott, 1995. RIVER3: Simulation of River Discharge and Sediment Transport. Computers and Geosciences, 21(1), 89-101, doi:10.1016/0098-3004(94)00062-Y.
References
- ↑ Vörösmarty, C.J., Meybeck, M., Fekete, B., and Sharma, K. (1997) The potential of neo-Castorization on sediment transport by the global network of rivers. Human Impact on Erosion and Sedimentation, IAHS, 245, 261-273.
- ↑ Verstraeten G., and Poesen, J. (2000) Estimating trap efficiency of small reservoirs and ponds: methods and implications for the assessment of sediment yield. Progress in Physical Geography, 24, 219-251.