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University of Minnesota +
Minneapolis +
korch009@umn.edu +
Megan +
Korchinski +
612-229-9545 +
Minnesota +
United States +
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01:58:53, 16 January 2018 +
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The competition between surface processes … The competition between surface processes (e.g. sedimentation) and the vertical flow of the dee crust (exhumation) influences strain localisation during rifting. Ductile layers in the lithosphere will exert a first-order control on the deformation mode within a rift, and sedimentation will impact the thermal structure of the rift. The dynamic interaction between sedimentation and ductile flow is addressed in a suite of 2D numerical experiments under lithospheric extension (2 cm/yr^1), where two densities of rift infill (2620, 2800 kg/m^3) and three deep crust viscosities (weak, moderate, strong) are used. In addition, the thickness of the crust (40-60 km) and the temperature of the Moho (600-800°C) are varied between reasonable end-member values.</br></br>Experiments with a 40 km crust exhibit lithospheric thinning as the result of strain localisation, regardless of the viscosity of the deep crust or the density of the rift infill. However, the viscosity of the deep crust and the density of rift infill control how the deep crust is thinned. Experiments with an intermediate or strong deep crust exhibit crustal scale conjugate shear zones and a triangular shaped basin. Experiments with a weak deep crust and a high-density rift infill exhibit basin depths of ~25 km concurrent with uplift of the asthenosphere to ~30 km, which results in lateral transport of the deep crust. The transition from rifting to drifting occurs at 33-40% extension, depending on the viscosity of the deep crust. Experiments with a 60 km crust do not exhibit rift to drift transition prior to 55% extension. Instead a weak or intermediate deep crust results in the formation of thin basins that expand laterally above a mobile deep crust, and a strong deep crust results in graben formation similar to that present in experiments with a 40 km crust. These experiments illustrate that the deposition of sediments and its impact on the mechanical behavior of the deep crust will influence rifting processes.ep crust will influence rifting processes.
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01:58:53, 16 January 2018 +
