Property:HPC-project description
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"Our vision is to develop a decentralized knowledge-based platform that can be easily adapted across geoscience communities comprised of individual and small group researchers, to allow semantically heterogeneous system to interact with minimum human intervention. It will allow the automatic reference of data from data resources to model by: (i) leveraging the Semantic Web; (ii) developing an automated semantic mediation tool; and (iii) developing a semantic knowledge discovery system that can be used by long-tail models. The developed approach will be evaluated based on a case study of integrating two examples of long-tail modeling and data: the Community Surface Dynamic Modeling System (CSDMS) and Sustainable Environment Actionable Data (SEAD)." +
A double-diffusive gravity current behaves differently than an ordinary single-diffusive gravity current. One difference is the presence of turbulent drag resulting from double-diffusive fingering. This drag is much higher than viscous drag, especially at large Reynolds numbers. The double-diffusive current might therefore be expected to propagate more slowly than a single-diffusive current, but this is not always true. Double diffusion can also affect the driving bouyancy force of the current. Assume for the sake of argument that the two components are heat and salt and that the current is a hot and salty flow over a cold and fresh ambient. Double-diffusive fingering results in adjacent upward and downward travelling fingers. Since heat diffuses more quickly, it escapes the downward moving fingers and diffuses into the upward moving fingers and is carried back into the current. In this way the current loses more salt than heat, even though it might have been originally expected that the current would lose more heat, since heat has a higher diffusivity. However, there are cases where the double diffusive fingering is not strong enough to overcome the effect of bulk diffusion. In these cases, the current loses bouyancy and has turbulent drag (although it will be smaller because the fingering is less intense), so it is slower than the single diffusive current.
Objectives:<br>
# To be able to predict what factors will govern the spread on the double-diffusive current, given initial conditions
# To be able to predict the front velocity of a double diffusive-gravity current +
Applying LiDAR-derived vegetation datasets to verify and improve snow-vegetation interactions in land surface models
Objectives:
# Run Noah-MP using LiDAR-derived vegetation information from four sites in the Western U.S.
# Investigate how resolution of vegetation information effects water and energy fluxes during winter. +
Deltas are critical landforms at the land-sea interface that preserve the effects of both terrestrial and marine processes. In regions that have been affected by human civilization, deltas can serve as a record of the land-use changes across large watersheds. The Ebro Delta, Spain, with its distinctive plan-view shape, has seen significant changes in the last two millennia, changes that could be related to anthropogenic activities. Combining field research, fluvial modeling, and coastal evolution modeling, this proposed research will address the hypothesis that humans have helped shape the Ebro Delta by investigating what aspects of the delta’s morphology and depositional history can be attributed to external (allogenic) forcing, such as human activities or climate change, and what aspects resulted from background natural variability and autogenic mechanisms such as avulsion and reworking by waves.
Although there have been many studies of the terrestrial input of sediment to the coast, the reworking of sediment by marine processes, and the resultant stratigraphic deposits, this proposed research will uniquely combine all three of these components controlling delta evolution. Although cartographic material suggests a rapid development of the Ebro Delta during post-Roman times, sparse data and limitations on the accuracy of historic maps hinder chronologic interpretation; we propose field investigations to refine the Ebro Delta age model. The climate-driven hydrological model HydroTrend will be used to compute fluvial sediment discharge to the coast, and a modified version of an existing shoreline evolution model will be used to evolve the morphology of the subaerial delta. A key component will be the direct linking of these models as part of the Community Surface Dynamics Modeling System (CSDMS). Model simulations will be constrained by and compared to the field data.
Objectives:<br>
#Are humans responsible for the formation of the modern Ebro Delta?
#What is the timing (and style) of the Ebro Delta’s evolution?
#Have humans exerted a first-order control on the fluvial delivery of sediment by the Ebro River to the coast?
#Does wave angle climate act as a first-order control on the morphology and progradation rates of the Ebro (and other wave-influenced deltas)?
I am working in collaboration with multiple institutions and PIs to model the coastal ocean carbon cycle, particularly with respect to marsh-estuary dynamics in Chesapeake Bay. We use FVCOM for 3d hydrodynamics and coupled offline to ICM for a carbon based biogeochemical model. Also, a model to simulate SAV as well as sediment diagenesis is in development. The model developed here will be adapted for use in a broad range of coastal systems. +
Poverty Bay is located on the eastern coast of the North Island of New Zealand, and is situated between the terrestrial and marine portions of the Waipaoa River Sedimentary Dispersal System. Poverty Bay acts as an important transition zone, where any riverine signals are potentially modified before reaching the continental shelf. The Poverty Bay shoreline has been prograding at an ever decreasing rate for the last 7 kya, implying that some sediment is sequestered within the bay. This project aims to better understand the transfer of sediment from the mouth of the Waipaoa River through Poverty Bay onto the continental shelf. To this aim, hydrodynamic and sediment-transport observations were collected within the nearshore of Poverty Bay and are used along with coupled hydrodynamic and wave numerical models that extend to the shelf break to better understand the routing of sediment through Poverty Bay on a daily to seasonal time-scale. Also, multiple Poverty Bay geometries are modeled to investigate how changing the geometry of the dispersal basin affects the oceanographic energy available to cause marine dispersal, and how any changes to marine dispersal effect the amount of sediment sequestered within Poverty Bay or any changes to the characteristics of the sediment supplied to the continental shelf. +
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The High-Resolution Regional Climate Modeling project uses the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting Model (ARW) to simulate projected climate based on Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model (AOGCM)boundary and initial conditions. Regional solutions include much of North America and projections currently extend to 2050.
'''Objectives:'''<br>
The main objective of this project is to provide high-resolution climate projections in support of research and management needs for wildlife and water resources. Funded projects include modeling response of migratory birds to projected climate change in the Great Plains, response of karst aquifers and associated stygobitic (subterranean) fauna to climate change, effects to ecosystems in National Parks and Monuments, and snowpack modeling in the Northern Rockies. Several such studies require projections of surface temperature and precipitation at daily time steps, and additional climate variables such as winds and temperatures aloft, snowpack, soil moisture, and evapotranspiration. ARW is used to simulate these variables. +
The Project hopes to study the various factors involved in the formation of a delta. The historical modifications made along the river , disrupting the sediment flow to the delta and analyse its impact on the growth or shrinkage of the pro-deltaic region. The current coastal dynamics and the effect of storms on the delta help understand the formation of different landscapes with the delta and establish areas of intervention. The study and analysis of various man made intervention that can be applied for maintaining the existing ecological value of the delta.
Objective:
# Understand the historical evolution of the delta 2. Study the behavior of the delta coast in the event of storms 2. To understand the current coastal dynamics of the site. 3. Apply the interventions in the past in-order to create a sustainable landscape with the current conditions +
The project is about the evolution of an orogeny and the possible impacts from climate and tectonics. The study area lies in the humid frontal segments of the Himalaya, where the present-day ice coverage is high but the evidence for extensive glaciations is limited. We want distinguish between fluvial and glacial erosion in the northwestern Himalayas and in this context if glaciers impede or accelerate erosion.
'''Objectives:'''
# Understand the regional erosional pattern within the valley and possibly to determine whether glaciers influenced by local conditions (climate, tectonics), impede or accelerate erosion. +
The project will study the effect of past and future climate changes on the eastern watersheds of Jordan. Watersheds under study will cover part of the desert and easter ridges of the mountainous area east of the Jordan valley.Project will evaluate water resources in the area, changes in the climate and its effect on the water storage and the expansion of the eastern desert of Jordan. +
The vegetation structure and topography are the primary factors affecting the amount of solar radiation reaching the surface of the earth. Considering the fact that 33 % of the earth surface consists of vegetation it is very important to understand how vegetation affects the variability of solar radiation as it makes it way to the ground surface. This can help us understand how much of variability in surface solar radiation is caused by vegetation structure. This can help us answer several pertinent questions such as: How does the vegetation structure affect the variability of solar radiation on the earth surface? How does this variability scale up on large spatial scales? What is the relative effect of topography and vegetation structure on the surface solar radiation? How is the variability in solar radition relates with variability in vegetation structural parameters such as canopy height, (Leaf Area Index) LAI , fractional canopy cover etc. One of the main challenges in estimating surface solar radiation is the surface heterogeneity and its effect therein on surface solar radiation. The is the first work of its kind which tries to understand the interplay of solar radiation with three dimensional vegetation structure and topography using waveform lidar remote sensing. This work presented here also addresses the effect of vegetation on solar radiation variability at a landscape level.
'''Relevance to hydrological and snow science'''
Solar energy drives the hydrological cycle. Solar radiation along with terrain characteristics are the main factors affecting this cycle. In most of the hydrological studies the solar energy estimation over the vegetation areas is either neglected or it is over simplifies by considering vegetation as a turbid medium or using LAI as a proxy for the amount of vegetation. Incorporating the effect of 3-D vegetation structure would help us understand the hydrological cycle and snowmelt better. It will also lead to better estimation of soil moisture, hydrological flow and snowmelt.
This course aims to familiarize earth sciences and engineering graduate students with a number of numerical surface process models and hydrological models available through the Community Surface Dynamics Modeling System (CSDMS) and sets students up to use these tools for your own research purposes.
'''Objectives:'''
The course involves both lectures and hands-on modeling and aims at:
* Introduction to CSDMS and High Performance Computing.
* Lectures on theory and applications +
This research would estimate the sediment discharge, into coastal basins to evaluate the condition of sand beaches along the mexican littoral. +
To understand the coastal processes of selected locations along west coast of India and to observe its impact on beach erosion and shoreline changes. Further to build a strategy against the coastal problems +
Valley glacier moraines are commonly used to infer past mean annual precipitation and mean melt-season temperature. However, recent research has demonstrated that, even in steady climates, multi-decadal, kilometer-scale fluctuations in glacier length occur in response to stochastic, year-to-year variability in mass balance. When interpreting moraine sequences it is important to include the effect of interannual weather variability on glacier length; moraines record advances that are forced either by interannual variability or by a combination of climate change and interannual variability. Our hope is to help establish the metrics needed to determine if a past glacier advance was caused by interannual variability or a climate change.
'''Objectives:'''
# Assess the importance of year-to-year climate variability (weather) on glacier length in a variety of climate settings
# Create quantitative metrics to test if a glacier length change could be caused by weather variability. +
We are expanding Zach Borden's work on the circulation model onto the case of hydraulic bores propagating into shear +
We are seeking to develop a SWE monitoring technique that can leverage both point scale measurements and spatially explicit patterns of SWE from remote sensing in near real-time. Current estimates of SWE distribution are frequently interpolated from point measurements based on physiographics with a observations of SCA occasionally used to constrain modeled values. Statistical models relating physiography and SNOTEL SWE only explain up to ~15% of the observed variability and thus these techniques provide limited credibility for water resource applications. Recent improvements in SWE estimates have been obtained using SWE reconstruction models whereby satellite data of SCA are coupled with fully distributed energy balance modeling to reconstruct peak snow mass. The first goal of this project is to combine a statistical interpolation model with remote-sensing based spatially distributed reconstructed SWE to augment resources available to water managers. The second goal of this project is to incorporate explicitly modeled patterns of SWE and use it as a spatial distribution field for winter precipitation in a streamflow modeling exercise. The intention is to examine the sensitivity and potential improvement in simulated streamflow timing and volume due to an improved representation of the physiographic distribution of SWE. +
We are using ROMS to simulate the 3D salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll, NH4,NO3 for long term time period in Chesapeake Bay, to provide guidance for the public nutrient reduction and future operational work +
We are using a newly developed debris-covered glacier model to determine the effect of debris cover on glacier length. The model allows for fully transient advection of debris through and on top of the glacier. We are currently exploring the basic feedbacks between debris input location, erosion rate, mass balance parameterization, and glacier length.
Objective:
# Determine how debris-cover effects glacier length using numerical models
# determine how debris input location on a glacier effects glacier length +
