Summary
| Also known as
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| Model type
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Single
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| Model part of larger framework
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| Note on status model
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| Date note status model
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Technical specs
| Supported platforms
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Unix, Linux, Mac OS, Windows
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| Other platform
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| Programming language
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Python
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| Other program language
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NumPy (Python package for scientific computing)
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| Code optimized
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Single Processor
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| Multiple processors implemented
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| Nr of distributed processors
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| Nr of shared processors
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| Start year development
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2001
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| Does model development still take place?
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Yes
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| If above answer is no, provide end year model development
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| Code development status
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| When did you indicate the 'code development status'?
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| Model availability
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As code
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Source code availability
(Or provide future intension)
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Through CSDMS repository
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| Source web address
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| Source csdms web address
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| Program license type
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Apache public license
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| Program license type other
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| Memory requirements
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Standard
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| Typical run time
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Minutes to hours
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In/Output
| Describe input parameters
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[[Describe input parameters model::Description of input variables
- flow_codes = D8 flow codes (Jenson convention) [NE,E,SE,S,SW,W,NW,N] → [1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128]
- bed_slope = slope of the channel bed or hillslope [m / m]
- Manning_n = Manning roughness parameter [s / m1/3]
- bed_width = bed width for trapezoidal cross-section [m]
- bank_angle = bank angle for trapezoid [deg] (from vertical)
- sinuosity = channel sinuosity [unitless] (along-channel / straight length)
- init_depth = initial water depth [m] (See HTML help)
The input variable entrees through the GUI will be the following:
*Method code: 2
*Method name: Diffusive_Wave
*Manning flag: 1
*Law of Wall flag: 0
*Time step: Scalar 6.00000000 [sec]
*D8 flow code: Grid Treynor_flow.rtg [none]
*D8 slope: Grid Treynor_slope.rtg [m/m]
*Manning N: Grid Treynor_chan-n.rtg [s/m^(1/3)]
*Bed width: Grid Treynor_chan-w.rtg [m]
*Bank angle: Grid Treynor_chan-a.rtg [deg]
*Init. depth: Scalar 0.00000000 [m]
*Sinuosity: Scalar 1.00000000 [m/m]]]
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| Input format
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ASCII, Binary
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| Other input format
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| Describe output parameters
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[[Describe output parameters model::The output variable entrees through the GUI will be the following:
*Save grid timestep: Scalar 60.00000000 [sec]
*Save Q grids: 1 Case5_2D-Q.rts [m^3/s]
*Save u grids: 0 Case5_2D-u.rts [m/s]
*Save d grids: 0 Case5_2D-d.rts [m]
*Save f grids: 0 Case5_2D-f.rts [none]
*Save pixels timestep: Scalar 60.00000000 [sec]
*Save Q pixels: 1 Case5_0D-Q.txt [m^3/s]
*Save u pixels: 0 Case5_0D-u.txt [m/s]
*Save d pixels: 0 Case5_0D-d.txt [m]
*Save f pixels: 0 Case5_0D-f.txt [none]]]
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| Output format
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ASCII, Binary
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| Other output format
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| Pre-processing software needed?
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Yes
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| Describe pre-processing software
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RiverTools or a similar program is helpful for pre- and post-processing.
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| Post-processing software needed?
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Yes
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| Describe post-processing software
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RiverTools or a similar program is helpful for pre- and post-processing.
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| Visualization software needed?
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No
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| If above answer is yes
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| Other visualization software
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Process
| Describe processes represented by the model
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Snowmelt (degree-day or energy balance), precipitation (measured or simulated), evapotranspiration (Priestley-Taylor or energy balance), infiltration (Green-Ampt, Smith-Parlange or Richards' 1D, multi-layer), overland flow, shallow subsurface flow (Darcy, up to 6 layers), flow diversions (sinks, sources or canals)
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| Describe key physical parameters and equations
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[[Describe key physical parameters::(Soucre: TopoFlow HTML Help System)
ΔV(i,t)= Δt * [ R(i,t) Δx Δy - Q(i,t) + Σk Q(k,t) ] = change in water volume [m3], mass conservation
d = {[ w2 + 4 tan(θ) V / L]1/2 - w } / [2 tan(θ)] = mean water depth in channel segment [m] (if θ > 0)
d = V / [w * L] = mean water depth in channel segment [m] (if θ = 0)
Q = v * Aw = discharge of water [m3 / s]
v = n-1 * Rh2/3 * S1/2 = section-averaged velocity [m / s], Manning's formula
v = ( g * Rh * S)1/2 * LN( a * d / z0) / κ = section-averaged velocity [m / s], Law of the Wall
Rh = Aw / Pw = hydraulic radius [m]
Aw = d * [w + (d * tan(θ))] = wetted cross-sectional area of a trapezoid [m2]
Pw = w + [2 * d / cos(θ)] = wetted perimeter of a trapezoid [m]
Vw = d2 * [ L * tan(θ) ] + d * [L * w] = wetted volume of a trapezoidal channel [m]]]
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| Describe length scale and resolution constraints
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Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows.
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| Describe time scale and resolution constraints
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Each process can have its own timestep. Typical timesteps are: channel flow (seconds), infiltration (seconds to minutes), snowmelt (hours to days), subsurface flow (hours to days), etc. Model can be run for a full year or longer, if necessary.
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| Describe any numerical limitations and issues
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Diffusive wave routing routine needs more testing.
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Testing
| Describe available calibration data sets
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TopoFlow:Channels:Diffusive Wave is typically not calibrated to fit data, but is run with best guesses of the physical parameters.
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| Upload calibration data sets if available:
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| Describe available test data sets
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Available test datat sets:
* Treynor watershed, in the Nishnabotna river basin, in Iowa, USA. Two large events.
* Arctic watershed data from Larry Hinzman (UAF).
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| Upload test data sets if available:
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| Describe ideal data for testing
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Several test datasets can be downloaded from the TopoFlow website.
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Other
| Do you have current or future plans for collaborating with other researchers?
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Collaborators include: Larry Hinzman (UAF), Bob Bolton, Anna Liljedahl (UAF), Stefan Pohl, Tom Over and others
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| Is there a manual available?
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Yes
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| Upload manual if available:
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| Model website if any
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This site.
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| Model forum / discussion board
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| Comments
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The Numerical Python module (numpy) is used for fast, array-based processing. TopoFlow has a 90+ page HTML help system and intuitive GUI that is ideal for teaching.
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