Model help:GIPL

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GIPL

GIPL is a heat flow with phase change model use to model permafrost thermal state and active layer depth, can be used for site specific and regional ground temperature distribution modeling.

Model introduction

GIPL(Geophysical Institute Permafrost Laboratory) is an implicit finite difference transient one-dimensional heat flow model. The model simulates ground temperature dynamics and the depth of the active layer by solving non-linear heat equation with phase change numerically. The model employs the Enthalpy method which does not require explicit treatment of the freeze/thaw moving boundary. In this model the process of freezing or thawing is occurring in accordance with unfrozen water content and soil thermal properties, and depends on the degree of soil saturation.

Model parameters

Input files and Directories

Parameter	Description	Unit
Switcher	1 runs new simulation reading initial temperature distribution from initial.txt file in input folder, 0 continues simulation by reading initial temperatures from dump/start_001.txt file	-
Output time step	Output calculated temperatures based on output time step input. For example, 1 correspond to 1 day time interval. The result.txt file has the temperature distribution output based on the output time interval.	days
Calculation step	Calculation time step used in Stefan subroutine.	-
Minimal time step	Minimum time step is a constrain for calculation time step used in Stefan subroutine.	-
Number of years	If the number is greater than 1 then the model simulates the ground temperature distribution and write mean annual temperature distribution with depth into mean_001.txt file.	years
Max distance between next temperature iterations (E1) (0.001-0.1)	If the absolute difference between current and next temperature iteration is greater than E1 then apply sweep method (see Ismayil-zadeh and Tackley 2010) over again. Used in Stefan subroutine.	-
Error of saturation for next iteration (UWK)	If the absolute difference between current and next saturated unfrozen water coefficient is greater than UWK then apply sweep method over again. Used in Stefan subroutine.	-
Max number of iterations before dividing time step	If the current and next temperature iteration do not converge i.e. absolute difference is greater than E1 then time step divided by 2. Used in Stefan subroutine.	-
Number of seconds per step	For output time step 1 day number of seconds is equal to 86400.	sec
Average number	The average number of days in one year 365.	day
depth of earth surface		meters
maximum number of freezing fronts	For example if there case of a talik there are more than 2 freezing fronts	-
min depth of freezing front		meters
max depth of freezing front		meters
The saturation coefficient	Used for freeze/thaw front calculation	percent

Boundary Input Files and Grid

Input Data	Description	Unit	File Name
The upper boundary file	Time series of the temperature, usually air temperature. The default file include daily temperature distribution. First number correspond to number of variables. The right column correspond to number of day. The left column correspond to daily temperature.	days|<math>^oC</math>	upbound.txt
The snow depth file	Time series of the snow depth. The default file include daily snow depth. First number correspond to number of variables. The right column correspond to number of day. The left column correspond to daily snow depth.	days|meters	snow.txt
The snow conductivity file	Time series of the snow conductivity. The default file include daily snow conductivity. First number correspond to number of variables. The right column correspond to number of day. The left column correspond to daily snow conductivity.	days|W/(mK)	rsnow.txt
The grid file	The default file include number of grid points from 1.5m above the surface to 33 m depth below and id number of the output points.	meters	grid.txt
Initial temperature distribution file	The first number in the file correspond to point id, the second to the number of temperature points	meters	initial.txt

Thermo-Physical Properties Files

Input Data	Description	Unit	File Name
Thermo-physical properties of the mineral soil layers	Number of classes. Class id and number of layers in the class. Each layer has its own volumetric water content(%), a and b empirical coefficients(dimensionless), thawed and frozen volumetric heat capacities (<math>Jm^{-3}K^{-1}</math>), thawed and frozen thermal conductivities(<math>Wm^{-1}K^{-1}</math>), depth of the corresponding layer(m).	-	mineral.txt
Thermo-physical properties of the upper organic layers	See thermo-physical properties of the mineral soil layers description	-	organic.txt
The input file	The input file includes: number of simulation point (default "1"), id of the first point, number of the point's snow class, vegetation class, mineral soil class, initial temperature profile class and the corresponding geothermal heat flux at the lower boundary.	-	input.txt

Uses ports

This will be something that the CSDMS facility will add

Provides ports

This will be something that the CSDMS facility will add

Main equations

1) Heat Flow Equation

<math> \frac{\partial H(x,t)}{\partial \tau}=\texttt{div}(k(x,t)\nabla t(x,\tau)) </math>

(1)

where <math>x\in(l_1,l_2)</math> is a spatial variable which changes with depth and <math>\tau\in(0,T]</math> is a temporal variable.

2) The Enthalpy Formulation

<math> H(x,t)=\int\limits_0^tC(x,s)ds+L\Theta(x,t) </math>

(2)

3) The upper boundary condition

<math> t(l_1,\tau)=t_{air}</math>

(3)

4) The lower boundary condition

<math> \frac{\partial t(l_2,\tau)}{\partial x}=g</math>

(4)

5) The initial temperature distribution

<math> t(x,0)=t_0(x)</math>

(5)

6) The unfrozen water content <math>\Theta(x,t)</math>:

<math> \Theta(x,t)=\eta(x)\cdot\begin{cases} 1 , & t\ge t_* \\ a|t|^{-b}, & t< t_* \end{cases} </math>

(6)

Notes

Numerical scheme

Examples

An example run with input parameters, BLD files, as well as a figure / movie of the output Follow the next steps to include images / movies of simulations:

• Upload file: https://csdms.colorado.edu/wiki/Special:Upload
• Create link to the file on your page: [[Image:<file name>]].

See also: Help:Images or Help:Movies

Developer(s)

Name of the module developer(s)

References

Ismail-Zadeh A, Tackley P. 2010. Computational Methods for Geodynamics. Cambridge.

Links

Any link, eg. to the model questionnaire, etc.