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| GIPL(Geophysical Institute Permafrost Laboratory) is an implicit finite difference one-dimensional heat flow numerical model. The model was developed by V.Romanovsky and G. Tipenko at University of Alaska Fairbanks. The model uses coarse vertical resolution grid which preserves the latent-heat effects in the phase transition zone, even under conditions of rapid or abrupt changes in the temperature fields. The air temperature is a driving force for the GIPL upper boundary condition and constant geothermal heat flux at the lower boundary (typically from 500 to 1000 m). The other inputs are precipitation, prescribed water content and thermal properties of the multilayered soil column. As an output the model produces temperature distributions at different depths, active layer thickness and calculates time of freeze up. | | GIPL(Geophysical Institute Permafrost Laboratory) is an implicit finite difference one-dimensional heat flow numerical model. The model was developed by V.Romanovsky and G. Tipenko at University of Alaska Fairbanks. The model uses coarse vertical resolution grid which preserves the latent-heat effects in the phase transition zone, even under conditions of rapid or abrupt changes in the temperature fields. The air temperature is a driving force for the GIPL upper boundary condition and constant geothermal heat flux at the lower boundary (typically from 500 to 1000 m). The other inputs are precipitation, prescribed water content and thermal properties of the multilayered soil column. As an output the model produces temperature distributions at different depths, active layer thickness and calculates time of freeze up. |
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| Environmental Sciences (CIRES) and Department of Geological Sciences at the University of Colorado |Postal address 1=University of Colorado |Postal address 2=Campus Box 399 |Town / City=Boulder |Postal code=80309 |State=Colorado |Country=USA |Email address=gtucker@colorado.edu |Phone=+1 303 492 6985 |Fax=+1 303 492 2606 }} {{Model identity
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| |Model type=Modular
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| |Categories=Terrestrial
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| |Spatial dimensions=3D
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| |One-line model description=Landscape Evolution Model
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| |Extended model description=CHILD computes the time evolution of a topographic surface z(x,y,t) by fluvial and hillslope erosion and sediment transport.
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| }} {{Model technical information
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| |Supported platforms=Unix, Linux, Mac OS
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| |Programming language=C++
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| |Start year development=1997
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| |Does model development still take place?=Yes
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| |Model availability=As code, As executable
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| |Source code availability=Through CSDMS repository
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| |Program license type=GPL v2
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| |OpenMI compliant=No but possible
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| |CCA component=No but possible
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| |IRF interface=Yes
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| |Memory requirements=depends on grid size
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| |Typical run time=minutes to days
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| }} {{Input - Output description
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| |Describe input parameters=Topography z(x,y) or parameters describing a topographic surface; rate coefficients; switches for activating options and choosing between alternative transport/erosion formulas. Uses a formatted text file for input of parameters.
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| |Input format=ASCII
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| |Describe output parameters=Outputs include grids of surface elevation, drainage area, gradient, stratigraphy, drainage direction, Voronoi cell areas, sediment texture; data on mesh configuration; total landscape volume and change in volume at each storm (time step); list of storm durations, timing, and intensities.
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| |Output format=ASCII
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| |Pre-processing software needed?=No
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| |Post-processing software needed?=Yes
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| |Describe post-processing software=Yes, An extensive library of Matlab scripts provides visualization and post-processing capabilities. A few scripts also exist for IDL, and it is possible to process the output to generate lists of points for input to ArcGIS.
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| |Visualization software needed?=Yes
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| |If above answer is yes=ESRI, IDL, Matlab
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| }} {{Process description model
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| |Describe processes represented by the model=Main processes include runoff generation, fluvial erosion and sediment transport, and sediment transport by soil creep.
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| |Describe key physical parameters and equations=Too many to list here -- see Tucker et al. (2001a), the CHILD Users Guide, and other documents listed in the bibliography.
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| |Describe length scale and resolution constraints=In principle, the model can address spatial scales ranging from gullies and small (~1km2) catchments to mountain ranges, as long as setup and parameters are chosen appropriately. Resolutions greater than about 10,000 nodes normally require significant computation time.
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| |Describe time scale and resolution constraints=The steady flow assumption used by most (not all) hydrology sub-models restricts time scale to periods significantly longer than a single storm. The model has been mostly used to address time scales relevant to significant topographic evolution, though in the case of rapidly changing landscapes (e.g., gully networks) this can be as short as decades.
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| |Describe any numerical limitations and issues=The fluvial sediment transport equations are quasi-diffusive and typically have orders of magnitude spatial variations in rate coefficient (reflecting differences in water discharge), which makes the system of equations stiff and difficult to solve efficiently.
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| }} {{Model testing
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| |Describe available calibration data sets=The model has been benchmarked against analytical solutions for simple cases, such as fluvial slope-area scaling and parabolic to parabolic-planar hillslope form under uniform erosion, materials, and climate. Testing and calibration of some of the individual components (e.g., linear and nonlinear soil creep, stream-power fluvial erosion law, etc.) have been reported in the literature (for a review, see Tucker and Hancock, 2009). Testing of the full coupled model using natural experiments (Tucker, 2009) is ongoing.
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| |Describe available test data sets=(pending)
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| |Describe ideal data for testing=See Tucker, 2009 (in review)
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| }} {{Users groups model
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| |Do you have current or future plans for collaborating with other researchers?=Yes, both.
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| }} {{Documentation model
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| |Provide key papers on model if any=Tucker, G.E., Lancaster, S.T., Gasparini, N.M., and Bras, R.L. (2001) The Channel-Hillslope Integrated Landscape Development (CHILD) Model, in Landscape Erosion and Evolution Modeling, edited by R.S. Harmon and W.W. Doe III, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, pp. 349-388.
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| |Manual model available=Yes
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| |Model website if any='''The CSDMS web site''' (this model section)
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| }} {{Additional comments model
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| |Comments=Updated manual is forthcoming ...
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| }} {{Infobox Model
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| |model name = CHILD
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| |developer = '''Tucker''', Greg
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| |one-line-description = Landscape Evolution Model
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| |type = Model
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| |source = <linkedimage>wikipage=Model:CHILD
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| tooltip=CHILD Download
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| img_src=Green1.png</linkedimage> [[Image:IRF compatible.png|18px]]
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| }} <!-- Edit the part above to update info on other papers -->
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| == Example Spatial Mapping of Active layer depth for Alaska ==
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| ==== Scenario 1: A1B ====
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| == History == | | == History == |
