CSN Examples: Difference between revisions
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sea_water_flow__z_component_of_vorticity | sea_water_flow__z_component_of_vorticity | ||
sea_water_flow__zenith_angle_of_vorticity | sea_water_flow__zenith_angle_of_vorticity | ||
sea_water_flow__east_east_component_of_reynolds_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__east_north_component_of_reynolds_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__east_up_component_of_reynolds_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__north_north_component_of_reynolds_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__north_up_component_of_reynolds_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__up_up_component_of_reynolds_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__x_x_component_of_reynolds_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__x_y_component_of_reynolds_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__x_z_component_of_reynolds_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__y_y_component_of_reynolds_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__y_z_component_of_reynolds_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__z_z_component_of_reynolds_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__east_east_component_of_stress | sea_water_flow__east_east_component_of_stress | ||
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sea_water_flow__y_z_component_of_stress | sea_water_flow__y_z_component_of_stress | ||
sea_water_flow__z_z_component_of_stress | sea_water_flow__z_z_component_of_stress | ||
sea_water_flow__east_east_component_of_viscous_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__east_north_component_of_viscous_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__east_up_component_of_viscous_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__north_north_component_of_viscous_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__north_up_component_of_viscous_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__up_up_component_of_viscous_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__x_x_component_of_viscous_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__x_y_component_of_viscous_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__x_z_component_of_viscous_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__y_y_component_of_viscous_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__y_z_component_of_viscous_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__z_z_component_of_viscous_stress | |||
sea_water_flow__dynamic_pressure | sea_water_flow__dynamic_pressure |
Revision as of 13:40, 13 August 2014
CSDMS Standard Names — Examples
- This document provides numerous examples, organized by the main object that is under consideration and its various parts or "subobjects". These examples were moved here from the CSDMS Quantity Templates page on 8/6/14.
- These names are a work in progress and are subject to change. The ones on this page are for Version 0.7.2 of the CSDMS Standard Names.
- A CSDMS Standard Name must have an object part and a quantity part, with adjectives and modifiers (as prefixes) being used to help avoid ambiguity and identify a specific object and a specific, associated quantity. The "quantity part" may include one or more operation prefixes that create a new quantity from an existing quantity.
Variable Names for the Atmosphere
quantity = attribute
object = "atmosphere"
object = "atmosphere_aerosol"
object = "atmosphere_air"
object = "atmosphere_air_carbon-dioxide"
object = "atmosphere_air_flow"
object = "atmosphere_air_flow_suspended-sediment"
object = "atmosphere_air_flow_suspended-snow"
object = "atmosphere_air_radiation"
object = "atmosphere_air_radiation_optical-path"
object = "atmosphere_air_water-vapor"
object = "atmosphere_bottom"
object = "atmosphere_bottom_air"
object = "atmosphere_bottom_air_suspended-sediment"
object = "atmosphere_bottom_air_suspended-snow"
object = "atmosphere_carbon-dioxide"
object = "atmosphere_clouds"
object = "atmosphere_top"
object = "atmosphere_water-vapor"
Examples
atmosphere__absorbed_incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux atmosphere__reflected_incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux (by aerosols or clouds) atmosphere__transmitted_incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux (sent to land surface) atmosphere_aerosol__absorbed_incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux atmosphere_aerosol__reflected_incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux atmosphere_aerosol__transmitted_incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux atmosphere_aerosol__downward_outgoing_longwave_radiation_flux (emitted downward) atmosphere_aerosol__upward_outgoing_longwave_radiation_flux (emitted upward) atmosphere_air__anomaly_of_pressure (anomaly = difference from climatology) atmosphere_air__anomaly_of_temperature atmosphere_air__fusion_specific_latent_heat atmosphere_air__increment_of_pressure (i.e. change after one time step) atmosphere_air__increment_of_temperature atmosphere_air__mass-per-volume_density atmosphere_air__mass_specific_thermal_capacity atmosphere_air__static_pressure (i.e. weight of the air above) atmosphere_air__temperature atmosphere_air__temperature_lapse_rate atmosphere_air__thermal_conductivity atmosphere_air__vaporization_specific_latent_heat atmosphere_air__volume_specific_thermal_capacity atmosphere_air__azimuth_angle_of_gradient_of_temperature atmosphere_air__east_component_of_gradient_of_temperature atmosphere_air__magnitude_of_gradient_of_temperature atmosphere_air__north_component_of_gradient_of_temperature atmosphere_air__x_component_of_gradient_of_temperature atmosphere_air__y_component_of_gradient_of_temperature atmosphere_air__z_component_of_gradient_of_temperature atmosphere_air__zenith_angle_of_gradient_of_temperature atmosphere_air_carbon-dioxide__equilibrium_partial_pressure atmosphere_air_carbon-dioxide__partial_pressure atmosphere_air_carbon-dioxide__relative_saturation atmosphere_air_carbon-dioxide__saturated_partial_pressure atmosphere_air_flow__azimuth_angle_of_bolus_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__east_component_of_bolus_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__magnitude_of_bolus_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__north_component_of_bolus_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__up_component_of_bolus_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__x_component_of_bolus_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__y_component_of_bolus_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__z_component_of_bolus_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__zenith_angle_of_bolus_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__azimuth_angle_of_gradient_of_pressure (static, dynamic or total ?) ######### atmosphere_air_flow__east_component_of_gradient_of_pressure atmosphere_air_flow__magnitude_of_gradient_of_pressure atmosphere_air_flow__north_component_of_gradient_of_pressure atmosphere_air_flow__x_component_of_gradient_of_pressure atmosphere_air_flow__y_component_of_gradient_of_pressure atmosphere_air_flow__z_component_of_gradient_of_pressure atmosphere_air_flow__zenith_angle_of_gradient_of_pressure atmosphere_air_flow__azimuth_angle_of_momentum atmosphere_air_flow__east_component_of_momentum atmosphere_air_flow__magnitude_of_momentum atmosphere_air_flow__north_component_of_momentum atmosphere_air_flow__up_component_of_momentum atmosphere_air_flow__x_component_of_momentum atmosphere_air_flow__y_component_of_momentum atmosphere_air_flow__z_component_of_momentum atmosphere_air_flow__z_integral_of_u_component_of_momentum atmosphere_air_flow__z_integral_of_v_component_of_momentum atmosphere_air_flow__zenith_angle_of_momentum atmosphere_air_flow__azimuth_angle_of_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__east_component_of_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__magnitude_of_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__north_component_of_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__x_component_of_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__y_component_of_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__z_component_of_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__zenith_angle_of_velocity atmosphere_air_flow__azimuth_angle_of_vorticity atmosphere_air_flow__east_component_of_vorticity atmosphere_air_flow__magnitude_of_bolus_vorticity atmosphere_air_flow__north_component_of_vorticity atmosphere_air_flow__x_component_of_vorticity atmosphere_air_flow__y_component_of_vorticity atmosphere_air_flow__z_component_of_vorticity atmosphere_air_flow__zenith_angle_of_vorticity atmosphere_air_flow__east_east_component_of_stress atmosphere_air_flow__east_north_component_of_stress atmosphere_air_flow__east_up_component_of_stress atmosphere_air_flow__north_north_component_of_stress atmosphere_air_flow__north_up_component_of_stress atmosphere_air_flow__up_up_component_of_stress atmosphere_air_flow__x_x_component_of_stress atmosphere_air_flow__x_y_component_of_stress atmosphere_air_flow__x_z_component_of_stress atmosphere_air_flow__y_y_component_of_stress atmosphere_air_flow__y_z_component_of_stress atmosphere_air_flow__z_z_component_of_stress atmosphere_air_flow__dynamic_pressure atmosphere_air_flow__magnitude_of_stress #### atmosphere_air_flow__total_pressure atmosphere_air_flow_suspended-sediment__mass_concentration atmosphere_air_flow_suspended-sediment__volume_concentration atmosphere_air_flow_suspended-snow__mass_concentration atmosphere_air_flow_suspended-snow__volume_concentration atmosphere_air_radiation__beer_lambert_law_attenuation_coefficient atmosphere_air_radiation__standard_refraction_index (i.e. "standard" is based on a particular wavelength) atmosphere_air_radiation_optical-path__length ### (also called "air mass"; shorten optical-path to path ??) atmosphere_air_water-vapor__dew_point_temperature atmosphere_air_water-vapor__equilibrium_partial_pressure atmosphere_air_water-vapor__frost_point_temperature atmosphere_air_water-vapor__mass-per-volume_density ### (usually called "absolute humidity" or "water vapor density" = mass of water per unit volume) atmosphere_air_water-vapor__partial_pressure atmosphere_air_water-vapor__relative_saturation atmosphere_air_water-vapor__saturated_partial_pressure atmosphere_air_water-vapor__z_integral_from_bottom_to_top_of_volume_fraction ### (also called "precipitable water depth" or "total precipitable water".) atmosphere_bottom_air__mass-per-volume_density atmosphere_bottom_air__static_pressure atmosphere_bottom_air__temperature atmosphere_bottom_air_carbon-dioxide__equilibrium_partial_pressure atmosphere_bottom_air_carbon-dioxide__partial_pressure atmosphere_bottom_air_carbon-dioxide__relative_saturation atmosphere_bottom_air_carbon-dioxide__saturated_partial_pressure atmosphere_bottom_air_flow__dynamic_pressure atmosphere_bottom_air_flow__total_pressure atmosphere_bottom_air_flow__x_component_of_velocity (i.e. surface wind) atmosphere_bottom_air_flow__y_component_of_velocity atmosphere_bottom_air_flow__z_component_of_velocity atmosphere_bottom_air_flow_buildings__law-of-wall_roughness_height #### (add "law-of-wall" for clarity ??) atmosphere_bottom_air_flow_snowpack__law-of-wall_roughness_height atmosphere_bottom_air_flow_terrain__law-of-wall_roughness_height atmosphere_bottom_air_flow_vegetation__law-of-wall_roughness_height atmosphere_bottom_air_water-vapor__dew_point_temperature atmosphere_bottom_air_water-vapor__equilibrium_partial_pressure (also called "equilibrium vapor pressure") atmosphere_bottom_air_water-vapor__frost_point_temperature atmosphere_bottom_air_water-vapor__mass-per-volume_density ### (usually called "absolute humidity" or "water vapor density" = mass of water per unit volume) atmosphere_bottom_air_water-vapor__partial_pressure (also called "vapor pressure") atmosphere_bottom_air_water-vapor__relative_saturation (usually called "relative humidity") atmosphere_bottom_air_water-vapor__saturated_partial_pressure (usually called "saturated vapor pressure") atmosphere_clouds__absorbed_incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux atmosphere_clouds__reflected_incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux atmosphere_clouds__transmitted_incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux atmosphere_clouds__downward_outgoing_longwave_radiation_flux (emitted downward) atmosphere_clouds__upward_outgoing_longwave_radiation_flux (emitted upward) atmosphere_ice__precipitation_rate atmosphere_ice__precipitation_duration atmosphere_mean-sea-level-datum_air__static_pressure atmosphere_mean-sea-level-datum_air_flow__dynamic_pressure atmosphere_mean-sea-level-datum_air_flow__total_pressure atmosphere_snow__precipitation_rate atmosphere_snow__precipitation_duration atmosphere_top__incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux atmosphere_water__liquid-equivalent_precipitation_rate (Here "water" includes frozen or liquid.) atmosphere_water__precipitation_duration
- In the examples above, the word "flow" is a shorthand for "flow_field", a mathematical model and 3D vector field. This is an example of the Object Name + Model Name Pattern.
- Note that "air_flow" takes the place of the word "wind", for cross-domain consistency. For example, "sea_water_flow" is analogous to "atmosphere_air_flow".
- The "mean-sea-level-datum" is an idealized or "model" surface at which measurements can be made. This is an example of the Object Name + Model Name Pattern.
- "Air" is a particular mixture of gases that makes up the atmosphere of the Earth. However, for another planet, like Mars, we could use: "mars_atmosphere_air".
- There is a distinction between "static pressure" and "dynamic pressure". The first results from the weight of fluid above a location (called "hydrostatic" when the fluid is water) while the second is the kinetic energy per unit volume of a fluid flow. The "total pressure" is the sum of these two contributions. See: Bernoulli's principle, Dynamic pressure, Pressure, Stagnation pressure and Static pressure.
- According to Wikipedia: "In meteorology, the term "vapor pressure" is used to mean the partial pressure of water vapor in the atmosphere, even if it is not in equilibrium, and the term "equilibrium vapor pressure" is specified otherwise." See: Vapor pressure. In the CSDMS Standard Names, the standard names are therefore: "atmosphere_air_water-vapor__partial_pressure" and "atmosphere_air_water-vapor__equilibrium_partial_pressure".
- See: Partial pressure, Vapor pressure.
- See: Attenuation coefficient, Electromagnetic radiation, Knudsen number, Mean free path, Optical path and Optical path length.
- The word "radiation" is overloaded and is used in 2 different ways in the CSDMS Standard Names. It is used as a synonym for "electromagnetic waves" as well as for the process where something "radiates" energy.
Variable Names for Atoms
quantity = attribute
quantity = "atomic_mass"
quantity = "emission_frequency"
quantity = "relative_atomic_mass" (dimensionless ratio to carbon-12)
quantity = "mass_number" (number of protons + neutrons)
quantity = "neutron_number" (number of neutrons)
quantity = "proton_number" (number of protons)
Examples
carbon_isotope__neutron_number (use "isotope" like this ??) cesium_atom__mass_number cesium_atom__neutron_number cesium_atom__proton_number cesium_atom__relative_atomic_mass
- There is controversy over the term "atomic_weight" and the term "relative_atomic_mass" seems preferably and more precise.
- While "atomic number" is a standard term, the synonym "proton_number" is winning favor because it is more specific and because "neutron_number" is also used.
- A specific frequency in the emission spectrum of cesium-133 is used for the ISU definition of the "second", so cesium is used in atomic clocks. It is not really a characteristic vibration frequency of the atom. (But molecules do have vibration frequencies; see Variable Names for Molecules below.) It is a transition or resonance frequency between two hyperfine ground states of cesium-133. A CSDMS standard name for this frequency could be something like: "cesium-133_isotope_state1_to_state2_hyperfine_transition_frequency", where "state1" and "state2" would be replaced with appropriate names for the two states involved.
- See the CSDMS Object Template for Atoms, Compounds, Ions and Molecules below for more information.
Variable Names for Automobiles
quantity = attribute
object = "automobile"
object = "automobile_alternator"
object = "automobile_battery"
object = "automobile_bottom"
object = "automobile_bumper"
object = "automobile_chassis"
object = "automobile_dashboard"
object = "automobile_differential"
object = "automobile_distributor"
object = "automobile_door"
object = "automobile_driver"
object = "automobile_engine"
object = "automobile_frame"
object = "automobile_engine_camshaft"
object = "automobile_engine_camshaft_sprocket"
object = "automobile_engine_crankshaft"
object = "automobile_engine_crankshaft_sprocket"
object = "automobile_engine_cylinder"
object = "automobile_engine_cylinder_piston"
object = "automobile_engine_cylinder_piston_connecting-rod"
object = "automobile_engine_cylinder_spark-plug"
object = "automobile_engine_cylinder_valves"
object = "automobile_exhaust-system"
object = "automobile_fan_belt"
object = "automobile_front"
object = "automobile_front_axle"
object = "automobile_fuel"
object = "automobile_fuel_tank"
object = "automobile_headlight"
object = "automobile_hood"
object = "automobile_muffler"
object = "automobile_radiator"
object = "automobile_rear"
object = "automobile_rear_axle"
object = "automobile_seatbelt"
object = "automobile_steering-box"
object = "automobile_steering-wheel"
object = "automobile_suspension"
object = "automobile_tire"
object = "automobile_top"
object = "automobile_transmission"
object = "automobile_wheel"
object = "automobile_windshield"
Examples:
automobile__acceleration automobile__braking_distance automobile__braking_force automobile__drag_coefficient automobile__lift_coefficient automobile__mass automobile__msrp-price automobile__new-price automobile__safety_rating automobile__speed automobile__top_speed automobile__total_stopping_distance (perception-reaction + braking) automobile__total_stopping_time automobile__turning_radius automobile__vehicle_identification_number automobile__weight (or "earth_weight") automobile__x_component_of_velocity automobile__y_component_of_velocity automobile__z_component_of_velocity automobile_battery__height automobile_battery__length automobile_battery__voltage automobile_battery__weight automobile_battery__width automobile_bottom__approach_angle automobile_bottom__breakover_angle automobile_bottom__departure_angle automobile_bottom_ground__clearance_height ## (also called "ride height") automobile_bumper__height automobile_driver__reaction_distance automobile_driver__reaction_time automobile_engine__power-to-weight_ratio automobile_engine_crankshaft__rotation_rate (measured with RPMs, revolutions per minute) automobile_engine_crankshaft__torque (often expressed as "horsepower") automobile_engine_cylinder__count automobile_engine_cylinder__diameter ### (called the "cylinder bore") automobile_engine_cylinder__length (or depth ??) automobile_engine_cylinder__stroke_ratio (i.e. cylinder diameter to piston stroke length) automobile_engine_cylinder__volume automobile_engine_cylinder_piston__diameter automobile_engine_cylinder_piston__stroke_length automobile_front_axle_weight ## (still ambiguous; could also be weight of the axle itself.) automobile_front_cross-section__area automobile_fuel__economy (measured as "miles per gallon") ### use "engine_fuel" vs. "fuel" ?? automobile_fuel__consumption_rate automobile_fuel__volume automobile_fuel_tank__volume automobile_rear_axle__weight ## (still ambiguous; could also be weight of the axle itself.) automobile_seat_belt__count ## (often determines the legal max number of passengers) automobile_tire__contact_area automobile_tire__diameter automobile_tire__inflation_pressure automobile_vertical-axis__rotational_inertia automobile_wheel__camber_angle automobile_wheel__camber_force automobile_wheel__caster_angle automobile_wheel__diameter automobile_wheelbase__distance (between centers of front and rear wheels; "track" is sometimes used for distance between the front or rear wheels)
- There are an almost endless number of quantities that can be associated with an automobile and is various parts. The purpose of this section is not to be exhaustive but to provide examples -- or a "scoping exercise" -- to help assess the robustness of the patterns and naming conventions of the CSDMS Standard Names.
- The term "automobile" is fairly general and includes: cars, jeeps, SUVs, trucks, etc.
- The term "motor vehicle" is generally used to include automobiles and motorcycles, etc.
- The word "vehicle" is the most general, and includes airplanes, ships, trains, etc.
- In the examples above, we are assuming the vehicle has in internal combustion engine (ICE), as opposed to an electric vehicle (EV). Perhaps this should also be indicated.
- There is a distinction between sprockets and gears -- sprockets are never meshed together directly; they use a roller chain or track. So "camshaft_sprocket" and "crankshaft_sprocket" are correct.
- What about: Stopping sight distance? It involves the roadway, vehicle and driver.
- Moving vehicles (e.g. cars and planes) have 3 natural, orthogonal axes with their center of mass at the origin: a longitudinal axis, lateral axis and vertical axis. For airplanes, these are also called the roll, pitch and yaw axes, respectively. The longitudinal axis lies in the vehicle's longitudinal plane of symmetry (or left-right symmetry plane) and is everywhere equidistant from the ground (if it is horizontal and planar). If the vehicle is not drifting or skidding, then this will also be the direction of motion. However, a car's "roll axis" is tilted (due to braking?), so it is lower toward the front and higher toward the rear of the car. Is a car's "centerline" well-defined?
- Many additional variable names can be found in the List of Symbols of: Gillespie, T.D. (1992) Fundamentals of Vehicle Dynamics, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA, 495 pp.
- See: Bore, Braking distance, Camshaft, Center of mass, Crankshaft, Cylinder (engine), Differential, Moment of inertia, Power-to-weight ratio, Stroke ratio, Vehicle Identification Number, Vehicular metrics and Wheelbase.
Variable Names for Channels
quantity = attribute
object = "channel_bank"
object = "channel_bank_water"
object = "channel_bottom" ### (used instead of "channel_bed")
object = "channel_bottom_water"
object = "channel_bottom_water_sediment"
object = "channel_bottom_sediment"
object = "channel_bottom_sediment_grain"
object = "channel_bottom_surface"
object = "channel_centerline"
object = "channel_centerline_endpoints"
object = "channel_cross-section"
object = "channel_cross-section_centroid"
object = "channel_cross-section_trapezoid"
object = "channel_cross-section_trapezoid_left-bank"
object = "channel_cross-section_trapezoid_right-bank"
object = "channel_cross-section_water"
object = "channel_entrance"
object = "channel_entrance_center" (center or centroid ??)
object = "channel_exit"
object = "channel_exit_center" (center or centroid ??)
object = "channel_water"
object = "channel_water_bedload-sediment"
object = "channel_water_diffusive-wave"
object = "channel_water_hydraulic-jump"
object = "channel_water_kinematic-wave"
object = "channel_water_standing-wave"
object = "channel_water_suspended-sediment"
object = "channel_water_total-sediment"
object = "channel_water_washload-sediment"
object = "channel_water_surface"
Examples
channel__bankfull_width channel__downstream_hydraulic_geometry_depth_vs_discharge_coefficient ### (add the word "law" ??) channel__downstream_hydraulic_geometry_depth_vs_discharge_exponent channel__downstream_hydraulic_geometry_slope_vs_discharge_coefficient channel__downstream_hydraulic_geometry_slope_vs_discharge_exponent channel__downstream_hydraulic_geometry_speed_vs_discharge_coefficient channel__downstream_hydraulic_geometry_speed_vs_discharge_exponent channel__downstream_hydraulic_geometry_width_vs_discharge_coefficient channel__downstream_hydraulic_geometry_width_vs_discharge_exponent channel__station_hydraulic_geometry_depth_vs_discharge_coefficient channel__station_hydraulic_geometry_depth_vs_discharge_exponent channel__station_hydraulic_geometry_slope_vs_discharge_coefficient channel__station_hydraulic_geometry_slope_vs_discharge_exponent channel__station_hydraulic_geometry_speed_vs_discharge_coefficient channel__station_hydraulic_geometry_speed_vs_discharge_exponent channel__station_hydraulic_geometry_width_vs_discharge_coefficient channel__station_hydraulic_geometry_width_vs_discharge_exponent channel__meander_amplitude (or use "meander" or "meander-bend" as an object ??) channel__meander_curvature_radius channel__meander_wavelength channel_bank_water__volume-per-unit-length_flow_rate ("lateral flow" into side of channel) channel_bottom__chezy_coefficient channel_bottom__manning_coefficient channel_bottom__relative_roughness_ratio (dimensionless ratio of roughness to water depth) ##### channel_bottom__roughness_length (i.e. z0) channel_bottom_sediment__thickness channel_bottom_sediment_grain__d50_diameter (same as "median diameter") channel_bottom_sediment_grain__d84_diameter channel_bottom_surface__cross-stream_component_of_gradient_of_elevation ### (or allow "cross-stream_slope" ?) channel_bottom_surface__downstream_component_of_gradient_of_elevation ### (or allow "downstream_slope" ?) ### channel__bed_roughness_length_to_water_depth_ratio ???? channel_bottom_water__dynamic_pressure channel_bottom_water__static_pressure channel_bottom_water__temperature channel_bottom_water__total_pressure channel_bottom_water_flow__magnitude_of_shear_stress channel_bottom_water_flow_sediment_grain__shields_critical_shear_stress (to initiate transport grains of a given size) channel_bottom_water_flow_sediment_grain__shields_parameter (a nondimensional stress; maybe use "shields_number" instead?) channel_centerline__length channel_centerline__straight_sinuosity (same as "tortuosity" ??) channel_centerline__valley_sinuosity channel_centerline_endpoints__difference_of_elevation channel_centerline_endpoints__separation_distance (also called: "chord length") channel_cross-section__area channel_cross-section__depth_vs_half-width_coefficient (in PIHM) channel_cross-section__depth_vs_half-width_exponent (in PIHM) channel_cross-section__hydraulic_radius channel_cross-section__max_of_depth channel_cross-section__perimeter channel_cross-section__wetted_area channel_cross-section__wetted_perimeter channel_cross-section__width-to-depth_ratio channel_cross-section_water__volume_flux ### (this is usually called "mean flow speed"; see Note below) channel_cross-section_top__width (for any cross-section shape, incl. trapezoid) channel_cross-section_trapezoid_left-bank__flaring_angle channel_cross-section_trapezoid_right-bank__flaring_angle channel_cross-section_trapezoid_bottom__width channel_entrance_center__elevation channel_entrance_center__latitude channel_entrance_center__longitude channel_entrance__specific_contributing_area channel_entrance__total_contributing_area (or drainage area ?) channel_exit_center__elevation channel_exit_center__latitude channel_exit_center__longitude channel_exit__specific_contributing_area ## (include something about watershed ??) channel_exit__total_contributing_area channel_water__darcy_friction_factor channel_water__depth_times_bottom-slope ##### channel_water__mass-per-volume_density channel_water__depth_and_bed_slope_product #### (or "depth_times_bottom-slope" ??) channel_water__fanning_friction_factor channel_water__max_of_depth channel_water__depth channel_water__static_pressure (anywhere in the channel vs. at channel bottom) channel_water__temperature channel_water__time_derivative_of_depth channel_water__time_derivative_of_volume channel_water__volume channel_water__volume_flow_rate (i.e. "Q" or discharge) channel_water__volume_flow_rate_law_area_exponent channel_water__volume_flow_rate_law_coefficient channel_water__volume-per-unit-width_flow_rate (i.e. "q", or unit-width discharge) channel_water__incoming_volume_flow_rate (or channel_entrance_water__volume_flow_rate ??) channel_water__outgoing_volume_flow_rate (or channel_exit_water__volume_flow_rate ??) channel_water_bedload-sediment__mass_flow_rate channel_water_bedload-sediment__mass-per-volume_density channel_water_bedload-sediment__volume_flow_rate channel_water_bedload-sediment_grain__immersed_weight ### channel_water_flow__cross-stream_component_of_velocity channel_water_flow__downstream_component_of_velocity channel_water_flow__dynamic_pressure channel_water_flow__froude_number channel_water_flow__reynolds_number channel_water_flow__speed (magnitude of velocity vector) channel_water_flow__total_pressure channel_water_flow__x_component_of_velocity channel_water_flow__y_component_of_velocity channel_water_flow__z_component_of_velocity channel_water_flow__x_component_of_vorticity channel_water_flow__y_component_of_vorticity channel_water_flow__z_component_of_vorticity channel_water_flow__x_x_component_of_stress channel_water_flow__x_y_component_of_stress channel_water_flow__x_z_component_of_stress channel_water_hydraulic-jump__height channel_water_hydraulic-jump__loss_of_energy ### (or "drop_of" ??) channel_water_suspended-sediment__mass_concentration channel_water_suspended-sediment__mass_flow_rate channel_water_suspended-sediment__volume_flow_rate channel_water_top_surface__cross-stream_component_of_gradient_of_elevation ### (or allow "cross-stream_slope" ?) channel_water_top_surface__downstream_component_of_gradient_of_elevation ### (or allow "downstream_slope" ?) channel_water_total-sediment__volume_flow_rate (i.e. "Qs" or "sediment discharge") channel_water_total-sediment__volume_flow_rate_law_area_exponent channel_water_total-sediment__volume_flow_rate_law_coefficient channel_water_total-sediment__volume_flow_rate_law_slope_exponent channel_water_washload-sediment__mass_concentration channel_water_washload-sediment__mass_flow_rate channel_water_washload-sediment__volume_flow_rate land_surface_water__volume-per-unit-contour-length_flow_rate (i.e. "q" or "unit width discharge")
- The so-called "mean flow speed" in a channel is actually computed from the equation u = Q/A, where Q is the volume flow rate and A is the area of the cross-section. This quantity is therefore more precisely described as a "volume flux" through the cross-section. The term "mean flow speed" is ambiguous and leads to confusion because it isn't clear how the "mean" is computed (i.e. over time or over the cross-section). For these reasons, the CSDMS Standard Names use the term: "channel_cross-section_water__volume_flux".
- Note that "entrance" and "exit" are used instead of "high_end" and "low_end" because it is possible for the "exit" to be the "high end".
- Instead of "channel_entrance__contributing_area", we could use: "channel_entrance_watershed__area". There are several different methods for computing contributing area (or drainage area) and the method should be indicated using an <assume> tag in a Model Metadata File, such as "d8_flow_direction_method", "d_infinity_flow_direction_method" or "mass_flux_flow_direction_method".
- It appears that Howard (1980) may have been the first to parameterize sediment discharge as Qs = K * A^m * S^n, where A is contributing area and S is channel slope. (Or perhaps Carson and Kirkby or Kirkby were first.) If so, then we could use the standard names:
channel_water_total-sediment__howard_law_coefficient (K) channel_water_total-sediment__howard_law_area_exponent (m) channel_water_total-sediment__howard_law_slope_exponent (n)
- Note that "geomorphic_transport_law" could also be used but is more general than "howard_law".
- It would be nice to have a short, unambiguous standard name for:
channel_entrance-to-exit__difference_of_elevation.
Perhaps we could introduce "drop" as a quantity suffix (like increment and step) for this purpose, but this doesn't capture the end-to-end aspect of the drop.
- Note that "bank_angle" by itself would be ambiguous; is it the angle the bank makes with the vertical z-axis or with a horizontal x-axis? However, "channel_cross-section_trapezoid_left-bank__flare_angle" is clear. When "left" and "right" are used as adjectives, they are taken relative to the direction of travel or flow, by convention. See "left-bank" and "right-bank" above. Would "left-edge" and "right-edge" be better?
- A quantity like "bottom" + "width" or "flaring_angle" may only be well-defined for cross-sections of a particular shape, like a trapezoid. In such cases we use the Object_name + model_name Pattern.
- Avoid inserting the word "mean" or "average" for quantities like "depth" and "speed". Assumptions or clarifications on how quantities are computed are provided using <assume> tags in an associated Model Metadata File.
- We can use "watershed_channel-network"; the hyphen must be included (to indicate a distinct object) since the network is not a part of a channel.
- An outlet would be considered part of a watershed and not part of a channel. See the object pattern for Watershed, Basins and Catchments.
- Note that the channel itself has a bottom surface but no "top surface". It is the water in the channel that has a top surface. This is different than the case where the main object is "sea".
- The phrase "hydraulic geometry" appears to have been introduced in: Leopold, L.B. and T. Maddock Jr. (1953) The hydraulic geometry of stream channels and some physiographic implications, USGS Professional Paper 252. A set of power laws is used to relate variables such as width, depth, slope and Manning's n to the stream discharge (volume flow rate). A distinction is made between "downstream" and "at-a-station" formulas.
- See: Hydraulic jump.
Variable Names for Earthquakes
quantity = attribute
object = earthquake
object = earthquake_auxiliary-plane
object = earthquake_epicenter
object = earthquake_fault
object = earthquake_fault_plane
object = earthquake_fault_plane_asperity
object = earthquake_foot-wall-block
object = earthquake_hanging-wall-block
object = earthquake_hypocenter
object = earthquake_p-wave
object = earthquake_s-wave
object = earthquake_shadow-zone
object = earthquake_station
object = earthquake_swarm
object = seismic_wave
Examples
earthquake__count (number of earthquakes, or N in Gutenberg-Richter law) earthquake__critical_slip_distance earthquake__duration (overall duration of the event) earthquake__drop_of_dynamic_stress ???? earthquake__drop_of_static_stress ??? earthquake__east_component_of_slip-vector earthquake__gutenberg-richter_law_a_parameter earthquake__gutenberg-richter_law_b_parameter earthquake__modified_mercali_intensity (for ground motion instead ??) earthquake__modified_omori_law_c_parameter earthquake__modified_omori_law_k_parameter earthquake__modified_omori_law_p_parameter earthquake__magnitude_of_moment_tensor ### (Same as "moment_magnitude" ?) earthquake__moment_magnitude ### (Same as "magnitude_of_moment_tensor" ?) earthquake__moment_tensor earthquake__north_component_of_slip-vector earthquake__origin_time earthquake__radiated_seismic_energy (measured by seismometers. How does this compare to release_energy ??) earthquake__release_energy (same as the "seismic moment" ??) earthquake__richter_magnitude earthquake__rupture_speed (or rupture_velocity ??) earthquake__seismic_moment_energy (or just seismic_moment ?? moment = Force x distance, [Newton meters = Joules] earthquake__slip_angle (angle between slip vector and horizontal) earthquake__slip_distance earthquake__slip_duration (also known as the "rise time", as seen on a seismograph, from rupture time to peak moment release.) earthquake__slip_speed (slip is a 2D vector) earthquake__east_east_component_of_moment_tensor (notation Mpp; r = up, p = east, t = south; tensor is symmetric) earthquake__east_up_component_of_moment_tensor (notation Mpr) earthquake__south_east_component_of_moment_tensor (notation Mtp) earthquake__south_south_component_of_moment_tensor (notation Mtt) earthquake__up_south_component_of_moment_tensor (notation Mrt) earthquake__up_up_component_of_moment_tensor (notation Mrr) earthquake_auxiliary-plane__** earthquake_epicenter__elevation earthquake_epicenter__latitude (equal to the earthquake_hypocenter__latitude) earthquake_epicenter__longitude (equal to the earthquake_hypocenter__longitude) earthquake_fault__length earthquake_fault_plane__dip_angle (angle between fault plane and horizontal) earthquake_fault_plane__length earthquake_fault_plane__rake_angle (direction that hanging wall block moves from, measured on the fault plane) earthquake_fault_plane__rupture_area earthquake_fault_plane__rupture_length earthquake_fault_plane__rupture_time (time that rupture event begins) earthquake_fault_plane__rupture_width earthquake_fault_plane__slip-rake_angle ??? earthquake_fault_plane__strike_angle (angle in plane of Earth's surface earthquake_fault_plane__width earthquake_fault_plane_asperity__contact_area (perhaps 0.22 times the fault plane rupture_area ??) earthquake_foot-wall-block__** earthquake_hanging-wall-block__** earthquake_hypocenter__depth (hypocenter is also called the "focus") earthquake_hypocenter__latitude earthquake_hypocenter__longitude earthquake_hypocenter-to-station__distance earthquake_p-wave__amplitude ## (p = primary, pressure or push-pull) earthquake_p-wave__frequency earthquake_p-wave__period earthquake_p-wave__speed earthquake_p-wave__takeoff_angle (angle from the vertical of a seismic ray as it leaves the focus) earthquake_p-wave__wavelength earthquake_p-wave_station__arrival_time earthquake_p-wave_station__travel_time earthquake_s-wave__amplitude ## (s = secondary, shear or shake) earthquake_s-wave__frequency earthquake_s-wave__period earthquake_s-wave__speed earthquake_s-wave__takeoff_angle (angle from the vertical of a seismic ray as it leaves the focus) earthquake_s-wave__wavelength earthquake_s-wave_station__arrival_time earthquake_s-wave_station__travel_time earthquake_seismograph__shaking_amplitude (is this an attribute of a seismograph ?) earthquake_station__elevation earthquake_station__latitude earthquake_station__longitude
- Seismic moment = M0 = shear_modulus (rigidity) x slip_distance (displacement) x rupture_area. Units of energy and sometimes called "seismic moment energy".
- Moment magnitude = Mw = (2/3) log10( M0 ) - 6.0 [dimensionless].
- Should we use "aki_moment_tensor" for clarity instead of just "moment_tensor", after Aki (1972) ??
- The "takeoff_angle" and "azimuth_angle" give the direction in which a seismic (wave) ray leaves the focus or hypocenter.
- Seismic wave travel times are from source to station.
- How are the following terms defined? rupture azimuth, source duration, apparent source duration, particle velocity, static stress drop, dynamic stress drop, radiated seismic energy, rupture top depth, rupture down dip width?
- Some mathematical earthquake models are the Burridge-Knopoff (1D spring-block or "slider-block") model (and variants) and the Olami-Feder-Christensen model.
- There are many types of Seismic waves, including body waves, such as: P-waves and S-waves and surface waves, such as: Love waves, Rayleigh waves, and Stonely waves.
- See: Earthquake, Earthquake rupture, Earthquake swarm, Epicenter, Fault (geology), Focal mechanism, Gutenberg-Richter Law, Hypocenter (also called the "focus"), Mercali intensity scale, Moment magnitude scale, Richter magnitude scale, Seismic moment, Seismic scale, Seismic wave, Strike and dip and Shadow zone.
- Also see the section called: Variable Names for Planets.
Variable Names for Glaciers
quantity = attribute
object = glacier
object = glacier_ablation-zone
object = glacier_accumulation-zone
object = glacier_bed
object = glacier_bed_ice
object = glacier_bed_ice_flow
object = glacier_bed_surface
object = glacier_bottom
object = glacier_bottom_ice
object = glacier_bottom_ice_flow
object = glacier_bottom_surface
object = glacier_equilibrium-line
object = glacier_firn-line
object = glacier_forefield
object = glacier_ice
object = glacier_ice_above-bed
object = glacier_ice_flow
object = glacier_margin (is this the entire boundary, or just the terminus?) ########
object = glacier_meltwater
object = glacier_percolation-zone (same as "unsaturated zone" ??) #####
object = glacier_terminus
object = glacier_top
object = glacier_top_ice
object = glacier_top_ice_flow
object = glacier_top_surface
Examples
glacier_ablation-zone__area glacier_ablation-zone__area_fraction (or ablation_zone_to_total_area_fraction ? Usually called: AAR=accumulation-area ratio) glacier_accumulation-zone__area glacier_accumulation-zone__area_fraction glacier_bed_surface__aspect_angle (use "bottom" vs. "bed" here ??) glacier_bed_surface__elevation glacier_bed_surface__slope (See: Surface template.) glacier_bed_surface__slope_angle glacier_bottom__net_heat_flux ##### glacier_bottom_ice__magnitude_of_shear_stress glacier_bottom_ice__sliding_speed glacier_bottom_ice__static_pressure glacier_bottom_ice__temperature glacier_bottom_ice_flow__east_component_of_velocity glacier_bottom_ice_flow__north_component_of_velocity glacier_bottom_ice_flow__x_component_of_velocity glacier_bottom_ice_flow__y_component_of_velocity glacier_bottom_ice_flow__z_component_of_velocity glacier_bottom_ice_flow__east_down_component_of_stress glacier_bottom_ice_flow__north_down_component_of_stress glacier_bottom_ice_flow__x_z_component_of_stress glacier_bottom_ice_flow__y_z_component_of_stress glacier_bottom_surface__aspect_angle (use "bottom" vs. "bed" here ??) glacier_bottom_surface__elevation glacier_bottom_surface__slope (See: Surface template.) glacier_bottom_surface__slope_angle glacier_equilibrium-line__altitude ## (vs. elevation in this case) glacier_ice__ablation_rate glacier_ice__accumulation_rate glacier_ice__adiabatic_compressibility ##### glacier_ice__area_time_integral_from_start_of_melt_rate # (cumulative meltwater volume) glacier_ice__change_from_annual_min_of_mass ### (new operation prefix: 8/12/14; "annual_min" used here vs. "summer") glacier_ice__change_from_annual_min_of_thickness ## (better to specify a date, vs. "summer"?) glacier_ice__change_from_annual_min_of_volume glacier_ice__depression_of_melting_point_temperature glacier_ice__dynamic_shear_viscosity glacier_ice__dynamic_volume_viscosity glacier_ice__fusion_specific_latent_heat glacier_ice__glen_law_coefficient (From "Glen's flow law", also called "creep parameter".) ##### glacier_ice__glen_law_exponent (From "Glen's flow law", also called "creep_exponent".) glacier_ice__kinmatic_shear_viscosity glacier_ice__kinmatic_volume_viscosity glacier_ice__mass glacier_ice__mass-per-volume_density glacier_ice__mass_specific_thermal_capacity glacier_ice__melt_rate glacier_ice__melting_point_temperature glacier_ice__peclet_number (defined as: (H * w_s / kappa), where H=thickness, w_s = ice surface vertical speed and kappa=thermal diffusivity) glacier_ice__pressure_melting_point_temperature glacier_ice__relative_permittivity (also called "relative dielectric constant", but not a constant) glacier_ice__sublimation_specific_latent_heat glacier_ice__temperature glacier_ice__thermal_capacity #### (not "specific", so this would be for the entire glacier) glacier_ice__thermal_conductivity glacier_ice__thermal_diffusivity glacier_ice__thickness glacier_ice__time_derivative_of_mass glacier_ice__time_derivative_of_thickness glacier_ice__time_derivative_of_volume glacier_ice__vaporization_specific_latent_heat glacier_ice__volume glacier_ice__volume_specific_thermal_capacity glacier_ice__volume_thermal_expansion_coefficient (need "volume" here; "area" and "length" may also be used) ##### glacier_ice__volume_vs_area_law_coefficient glacier_ice__volume_vs_area_law_exponent glacier_ice_above-bed__distance #### glacier_ice_above-bed__normalized_distance (divided by ice thickness, also called "scaled distance") glacier_ice__azimuth_angle_of_gradient_of_temperature glacier_ice__down_component_of_gradient_of_temperature glacier_ice__east_component_of_gradient_of_temperature glacier_ice__magnitude_of_gradient_of_temperature glacier_ice__north_component_of_gradient_of_temperature glacier_ice__x_component_of_gradient_of_temperature glacier_ice__y_component_of_gradient_of_temperature glacier_ice__z_component_of_gradient_of_temperature glacier_ice__zenith_angle_of_gradient_of_temperature glacier_ice_flow__azimuth_angle_of_gradient_of_static_pressure glacier_ice_flow__down_component_of_gradient_of_static_pressure glacier_ice_flow__east_component_of_gradient_of_static_pressure glacier_ice_flow__magnitude_of_gradient_of_static_pressure glacier_ice_flow__north_component_of_gradient_of_static_pressure glacier_ice_flow__x_component_of_gradient_of_static_pressure glacier_ice_flow__y_component_of_gradient_of_static_pressure glacier_ice_flow__z_component_of_gradient_of_static_pressure glacier_ice_flow__zenith_angle_of_gradient_of_static_pressure glacier_ice_flow__azimuth_angle_of_velocity glacier_ice_flow__down_component_of_velocity glacier_ice_flow__dynamic_pressure glacier_ice_flow__east_component_of_velocity glacier_ice_flow__north_component_of_velocity glacier_ice_flow__south_component_of_velocity glacier_ice_flow__speed (magnitude_of_velocity) glacier_ice_flow__west_component_of_velocity glacier_ice_flow__total_pressure glacier_ice_flow__up_component_of_velocity glacier_ice_flow__x_component_of_velocity glacier_ice_flow__y_component_of_velocity glacier_ice_flow__z_component_of_velocity glacier_ice_flow__zenith_angle_of_velocity glacier_meltwater__generation_rate (should be same as glacier_ice__melt_rate?) ######## glacier_terminus__advance_rate (opposite of retreat rate; should we allow both?) glacier_terminus__calving_rate (use "terminus_ice" here ? Units of velocity. Do we need to specify mass or volume flux also?) ###### glacier_terminus__retreat_rate (See: Glacier retreat; perhaps a terminus speed) glacier_terminus_left-side__latitude (See Note below regarding "left-side".) glacier_terminus_left-side__longitude glacier_terminus_right-side__latitude glacier_terminus_right-side__longitude glacier_top_ice__heat_flux #### (check) glacier_top_ice__resublimation_rate glacier_top_ice__sublimation_rate glacier_top_ice__temperature glacier_top_ice__time_derivative_of_temperature glacier_top_ice__time_max_of_heat_flux glacier_top_ice_wind__scour_rate (always a loss? wind or "air_flow") ######### glacier_top_ice_flow__x_component_of_velocity glacier_top_ice_flow__y_component_of_velocity glacier_top_surface__area glacier_top_surface__aspect_angle glacier_top_surface__elevation glacier_top_surface__emissivity glacier_top_surface__incoming_longwave_radiation_flux glacier_top_surface__incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux glacier_top_surface__max_of_elevation glacier_top_surface__mean_of_elevation glacier_top_surface__mid-range_of_elevation (also called the "mid-range altitude") glacier_top_surface__min_of_elevation glacier_top_surface__range_of_elevation glacier_top_surface__outgoing_longwave_radiation_flux glacier_top_surface__slope (see glacier_bed_surface_slope) glacier_top_surface__slope_angle glacier_top_surface__temperature ### (or just glacier_top__temperature ??) glacier_top_surface__time_derivative_of_elevation
- In glaciology, "mass_balance" has a specific meaning that can be confusing to scientists from other disciplines. See: Glacier mass balance. It is the difference between accumulation and ablation (melting and sublimation) and therefore the net rate at which ice is being "added" to the glacier. The quantity name: "glacier_ice__time_derivative_of_thickness" is unambiguous (it avoids domain-specific terms) and is more consistent with other standard names.
- Note that we distinguish between the "glacier_bed" and the "glacier_bottom" because they can be two different surfaces, separated by gaps or voids. (This doesn't happen for liquid water.) The glacier "bottom" is "in the ice" while the glacier bed isn't. For consistency across domains, "top" and "bottom" should be preferred over terms like "sea_floor" or "sea_bed", unless this kind of distinction exists.
- Glaciers are classified into 3 distinct types: cold, temperate and polythermal.
- Glacier processes include (among others): ablation, accumulation, advance, calving, congelation, deflation, deformation, flotation, flow, infiltration/percolation, melting, wind scour, recrystallization, refreezing, resublimation, sliding, sublimation, retreat.
- When "left" and "right" are used as adjectives, they are taken relative to the direction of travel or flow, by convention.
- Within the CSDMS Standard Names, quantity names "altitude" and "elevation" are taken to have distinct meanings. See Altitude and Elevation. However, the quantity name equilibrium_line_altitude is allowed since it is a standard term in glaciology and otherwise follows the naming rules.
- Note that the word "glacier" is used here to indicate a place or a "main object", sometimes in addition to the word "ice" (what the glacier is made of), even though a glacier is a persistent body of ice, by definition. This allows us to identify parts of the glacier, like the top and bottom, and then refer to properties of the air or ice at this interface. It also allows a "flow field" (shortened to flow) to be associated with the ice. For a glacier on another planet (e.g. Mars) that is not made of water, the word "ice" can be replaced with "dry-ice" or "carbon-dioxide-ice", but "dry-ice" is clear and shorter.
- We may need an additional adjective before "area" in order to distinguish between a "surface area" and "projected area".
- See: Accumulation zone, Ablation zone, Glacier, Ice sheet, Meltwater, Heat capacity, Pressure melting point and Glacier terminus,Thermal conductivity and Thermal diffusivity.
Variable Names for Materials
quantity = attribute
quantity = "bulk_modulus" (See Notes below.)
quantity = "lame_first_parameter"
quantity = "p_wave_modulus"
quantity = "poisson_ratio"
quantity = "shear_modulus"
quantity = "young_modulus" ("tensile" elastic modulus)
Examples:
earth_material__bulk_modulus earth_material__down_component_of_electric_field_vector (volts /meter) earth_material__east_component_of_electric_field_vector (volts / meter) earth_material__electrical_conductivity (siemens / meter) earth_material__lame_first_parameter earth_material__north_component_of_electric_field_vector (volts / meter) earth_material__p_wave_modulus earth_material__poisson_ratio earth_material__shear_modulus earth_material__young_modulus
- The 6 elastic moduli above are all related through simple equations. Given any two, the other four can be computed. See the table at: Elastic modulus.
- See: Hardness, Materials science, Poisson ratio, Stiffness (sometimes called "rigidity") and Yield strength.
Variable Names for Models
quantity = attribute
Examples
model_grid_east-edge__longitude model_grid_north-edge__latitude model_grid_south-edge__latitude model_grid_west-edge__longitude model_grid_cell__area model_grid_cell__column_index model_grid_cell__d8_total_contributing_area model_grid_cell__d8_flow_length model_grid_cell__d8_flow_width model_grid_cell__d8_slope model_grid_cell__d_infinity_total_contributing_area model_grid_cell__d_infinity_slope model_grid_cell__diameter model_grid_cell__perimeter model_grid_cell__row_index model_grid_cell__row-major-offset_index model_grid_cell__total_contributing_area ##### model_grid_cell_center__latitude model_grid_cell_center__longitude model_grid_cell_east-edge__longitude model_grid_cell_west-edge__longitude model_grid_cell_south-edge__latitude model_grid_cell_north-edge__latitude model_grid_cell_east-edge__length model_grid_cell_west-edge__length model_grid_cell_south-edge__length model_grid_cell_north-edge__length model_grid_cell_x-edge__length model_grid_cell_y-edge__length model_grid_cell_water__time_derivative_of_volume model_grid_cell_water__incoming_volume_flow_rate model_grid_cell_water__outgoing_volume_flow_rate model_grid_column__count # (number of columns) model_grid_row__count # (number of rows) model_soil_layer-0__porosity model_soil_layer-0__thickness model_soil_layer-0__wetted_thickness model__run_time model__start_time model__stop_time model__time model__time_step
- A model of a physical process will typically discretize both the spatial domain and time. This introduces several quantities that do not exist in the "real world", but only within the context of the model, as shown in the examples above. Note that "total_contributing_area" is a quantity that is technically associated with a segment of a contour line, but is typically attributed to a grid cell.
- While CSDMS component models often request variables from one another (i.e. a model tells the framework it needs a variable using the BMI function get_output_var_names()), CSDMS does not support (and discourages) models requesting model attributes from one another. Model attributes (i.e. output variables that start with the word "model") that are listed among a model's output variables are only intended for use by the modeling framework. Part of the CSDMS philosophy is the idea that model components should not need to know anything about the internal details of other models that they want to obtain output variables from --- this is viewed as the job of the modeling framework (which calls service components or mediators when needed). Another part of this philosophy (more of a design decision) is that model components should not need to be grouped into "types" (e.g. based on the physical process they model, such as "infiltration"). All matching should be based on what each model needs from others or can provide to others.
- Many of the possible model attributes will be "provided" by most or all of the models in a "component set". For example, "model__time_step" would typically be listed as an output variable for every model in a component set. This means that model attribute names cannot be used to automatically match users to providers. For this to be possible, models would need to be grouped into named "types", model developers would need to be aware of these types, and the type name (e.g. perhaps a process name like "infiltration") would need to be inserted before the word "model" in model output variable names. While individual component models therefore have no way to ask for model attributes from another model in the component set, the framework "sees everything" and can keep track of which component it retrieved a model attribute from. For example, the service component that performs time interpolation for the models in a component set needs to know the individual time steps of each model in the set. (But actually gets this directly from the BMI "get_time_step()" function instead of using a "get_values()" call for the variable called "model__time_step".)
Variable Names for Molecules
quantity = attribute
quantity = "bond_angle"
quantity = "bond_dissociation_energy"
quantity = "bond_energy"
quantity = "bond_length"
quantity = "proton_number" (total number of protons)
quantity = "torsion_angle"
quantity = "vibration_frequency"
- Examples
water_molecule__actual_bond_angle water_molecule__ideal_bond_angle (or replace "ideal" by "VSEPR" ?) water_molecule__hydrogen_number (??? number of hydrogen atoms) water_molecule_h-o__bond_dissociation_energy water_molecule_h-o__bond_length water_molecule_h-o-h__bond_angle
- A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by covalent chemical bonds.
- CSDMS Standard Names allow using the standard symbol for atoms of a particular element that occur in a molecule (but in lower case).
- There is distinction between "bond energy" and "bond dissociation energy".
- It seems that the bond energy, bond dissociation energy and bond length all depend on the molecule that the atoms are in and not just which two types of atoms are involved. If this is the case, then names should use the Part-of-another-Object Pattern (and perhaps the Object-to-object Quantity Pattern for the atoms), as in: "water_molecule_h_o_bond_length" and "water_molecule_h_o_bond_dissociation_energy".
- See: bond length, bond-dissociation energy and bond energy.
- Bond angles and lengths in molecules are defined as time averages.
- A bond_angle can be defined for 2 consecutive bonds and 3 atoms, as in "water_molecule_bond_angle" or "water_molecule_h_o_h_bond_angle". For a molecule in which all bond angles are the same, like benzene, we could have "benzene_c_c_c_bond_angle" or "benzene_c_c_h_bond_angle". See: Benzene.
- A torsion_angle can be defined for 3 consecutive bonds and 4 atoms, as in "ethane_h_c_c_h_torsion_angle". A synonym is "dihedral_angle".
- For ligands, a ligand cone angle and ligand bite angle can be defined.
- Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR) is a model in chemistry used to predict the shapes of molecules, such as "ideal bond angles".
- Molecules have "vibration frequencies" associated with all the different ways in which the atoms in the molecule can undergo a periodic motion relative to one another. (These relative positions don't change when the molecule rotates or translates as a whole.) See: Molecular vibration. (Individual atoms don't have vibration frequencies but they do have "emission frequencies".) In the so-called: rocking, scissoring, twisting and wagging vibrations, the bond lengths between atoms don't change. In stretching vibrations (symmetric or antisymmetric), the bond lengths change. For the CSDMS standard names we may be able to use names such as "ethylene_wagging_vibration_frequency".
- We could use "hydrogen_number" to quantify the number of hydrogen atoms in a molecule, but that term is also used in a medical context to mean the quantity of hydrogen that 1 gram of fat will absorb.
Variable Names for Oceans
quantity = attribute
object = "sea_bed" ### (is bed also needed, or just bottom ??)
object = "sea_bed_material" ### (or just sea_bottom_sediment ??)
object = "sea_bottom"
object = "sea_bottom_sediment"
object = "sea_bottom_sediment_grain"
object = "sea_bottom_water"
object = "sea_bottom_water_suspended-sediment"
object = "sea_bottom_water_flow"
object = "sea_coastline"
object = "sea_intertidal-zone"
object = "sea_intertidal-zone_inner-boundary" ### (or "high-tide-boundary" ??)
object = "sea_intertidal-zone_outer-boundary" ### (or "low-tide-boundary" ??)
object = "sea_littoral-zone" ### (Is this also needed?)
object = "sea_surface"
object = "sea_surface_air"
object = "sea_surface_air_carbon-dioxide"
object = "sea_surface_air_flow"
object = "sea_surface_water"
object = "sea_surface_water_suspended-sediment"
object = "sea_surface_water_wave"
object = "sea_surface_water_wave_crest"
object = "sea_surface_water_wave_crest_line"
object = "sea_surface_water_wave_ray"
object = "sea_surface_water_wave_trough"
object = "sea_water"
object = "sea_water_above-bottom"
object = "sea_water_aphotic-zone"
object = "sea_water_aphotic-zone_top"
object = "sea_water_below-surface" ###### (use "subsurface" vs. "below-surface" ??)
object = "sea_water_biota"
object = "sea_water_carbon-dioxide"
object = "sea_water_feeder-current"
object = "sea_water_flow"
object = "sea_water_internal-wave"
object = "sea_water_longshore-current"
object = "sea_water_magnesium-chloride"
object = "sea_water_magnesium-sulphate
object = "sea_water_photic-zone"
object = "sea_water_photic-zone_bottom"
object = "sea_water_potassium-chloride"
object = "sea_water_rip-current"
object = "sea_water_rip-current_head"
object = "sea_water_rip-current_neck"
object = "sea_water_sodium-chloride"
object = "sea_water_suspended-sediment"
object = "sea_water_surf-zone"
object = "sea_water_tide"
object = "sea_water_tsunami"
object = "sea_water_undertow-current"
- Examples
model_west-edge_sea_water__elevation (a boundary condition) sea_bed_freshwater__net_volume_flux (net = incoming - outgoing) sea_bottom_sediment__immersed-weight sea_bottom_sediment__mass-per-volume_density sea_bottom_sediment_grain__mean_of_diameter sea_bottom_surface__elevation (Replace "floor" with "bottom" for cross-domain consistency?) sea_bottom_surface__latitude sea_bottom_surface__longitude sea_bottom_surface__net_heat_flux sea_bottom_surface__slope sea_bottom_water__magnitude_of_shear_stress sea_bottom_water__mass-per-volume_density sea_bottom_water__net_heat_flux sea_bottom_water__salinity sea_bottom_water__temperature sea_coastline_azimuth_angle_of_normal_vector sea_coastline_azimuth_angle_of_tangent_vector sea_coastline-to-tangent-line__angle sea_coastline__curvature sea_surface__elevation sea_surface__incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux sea_surface__latitude (this is a local value, like all others) sea_surface__longitude (this is a local value, like all others) sea_surface__outgoing_longwave_radiation_flux sea_surface__reflected_shortwave_radiation_flux sea_surface__slope sea_surface_air__magnitude_of_shear_stress (wind) sea_surface_air__pressure sea_surface_air__temperature sea_surface_air_flow__x_component_of_velocity (air_flow = "wind") sea_surface_air_flow__y_component_of_velocity sea_surface_air_flow__z_component_of_velocity (should be zero) sea_surface_air_carbon-dioxide__partial_pressure sea_surface_air-water__difference_of_temperature sea_surface_air_water-vapor__partial_pressure sea_surface_air_water-vapor__relative_saturation (relative humidity) sea_surface_water__evaporation_rate sea_surface_water__liquid-equivalent_precipitation_rate ##### sea_surface_water__mass-per-volume_density sea_surface_water__net_latent_heat_flux sea_surface_water__net_sensible_heat_flux sea_surface_water__salinity sea_surface_water__temperature sea_surface_storm_water__surge_height ##### sea_surface_water_wave__amplitude sea_surface_water_wave__breaking_height sea_surface_water_wave__breaking_height-to-depth_ratio (also called the "breaker index") sea_surface_water_wave__energy-per-unit-area_density sea_surface_water_wave__frequency sea_surface_water_wave__group_speed sea_surface_water_wave__group-speed-to-phase-speed_ratio (usually called "wave speed ratio") sea_surface_water_wave__height sea_surface_water_wave__intrinsic_angular_frequency (vs. observed_angular_frequency) sea_surface_water_wave__max_of_orbital_speed sea_surface_water_wave__observed_angular_frequency (vs. intrinsic_angular_frequency) sea_surface_water_wave__orbital_speed sea_surface_water_wave__period sea_surface_water_wave__phase_angle (usually just called the "phase") sea_surface_water_wave__phase_speed sea_surface_water_wave__power (between wave rays) #### sea_surface_water_wave__refraction_angle (acute angle between wave crest line and tangent to bathymetric contour line) #### sea_surface_water_wave__significant_height sea_surface_water_wave__steepness (wave height over wavelength) sea_surface_water_wave__time_integral_from_start_of_cos_of_angular_frequency_times_time sea_surface_water_wave__time_integral_from_start_of_$\cos(\omega(k)*t)$ sea_surface_water_wave__time_mean_of_height sea_surface_water_wave__time_median_of_height sea_surface_water_wave__wavelength sea_surface_water_wave__wavenumber sea_surface_water_wave_crest__flaring_angle sea_surface_water_wave_ray__incidence_angle (in deep water, before refraction) sea_surface_water_carbon-dioxide__partial_pressure sea_surface_water_wave__breaking_fraction sea_water_above-bottom__height sea_water_aphotic-zone_top__depth sea_water_below-surface__depth ## (could use "subsurface" vs. "below-surface", but "above-bottom" is better than "superbottom".) sea_water__anomaly_of_mass-to-volume_density sea_water__brunt_vaisala_frequency (also called "buoyancy_frequency" sea_water__depth (or "sea_water_bottom" + "depth" ??) ########### sea_water__electrical_conductivity sea_water__flow_speed sea_water__fusion_specific_latent_heat sea_water__mass_specific_thermal_capacity sea_water__mass-to-volume_density sea_water__osmotic_pressure sea_water__potential_temperature sea_water__salinity sea_water__secchi_depth sea_water__static_pressure sea_water__temperature sea_water__thermal_conductivity sea_water__time_average_of_square_of_potential_temperature sea_water__time_average_of_square_of_salinity sea_water__time_derivative_of_temperature sea_water__time_derivative_of_total_pressure sea_water__vaporization_specific_latent_heat sea_water__volume_specific_thermal_capacity sea_water__volume_thermal_expansion_coefficient sea_water__azimuth_angle_of_gradient_of_salinity sea_water__east_component_of_gradient_of_salinity sea_water__magnitude_of_gradient_of_salinity sea_water__north_component_of_gradient_of_salinity sea_water__x_component_of_gradient_of_salinity sea_water__y_component_of_gradient_of_salinity sea_water__z_component_of_gradient_of_salinity sea_water__zenith_angle_of_gradient_of_salinity sea_water__azimuth_angle_of_gradient_of_temperature sea_water__east_component_of_gradient_of_temperature sea_water__magnitude_of_gradient_of_temperature sea_water__north_component_of_gradient_of_temperature sea_water__x_component_of_gradient_of_temperature sea_water__y_component_of_gradient_of_temperature sea_water__z_component_of_gradient_of_temperature sea_water__zenith_angle_of_gradient_of_temperature sea_water_biota__mass_concentration sea_water_biota__mass-per-volume_density (biomass) sea_water_carbon-dioxide__mass_concentration sea_water_carbon-dioxide__partial_pressure sea_water_carbon-dioxide__solubility sea_water_carbon-dioxide__volume_concentration sea_water_flow__azimuth_angle_of_bolus_velocity sea_water_flow__east_component_of_bolus_velocity sea_water_flow__magnitude_of_bolus_velocity sea_water_flow__north_component_of_bolus_velocity sea_water_flow__up_component_of_bolus_velocity sea_water_flow__x_component_of_bolus_velocity sea_water_flow__y_component_of_bolus_velocity sea_water_flow__z_component_of_bolus_velocity sea_water_flow__zenith_angle_of_bolus_velocity sea_water_flow__azimuth_angle_of_gradient_of_pressure sea_water_flow__east_component_of_gradient_of_pressure sea_water_flow__magnitude_of_gradient_of_pressure sea_water_flow__north_component_of_gradient_of_pressure sea_water_flow__up_component_of_gradient_of_pressure sea_water_flow__x_component_of_gradient_of_pressure sea_water_flow__y_component_of_gradient_of_pressure sea_water_flow__z_component_of_gradient_of_pressure sea_water_flow__zenith_angle_of_gradient_of_pressure sea_water_flow__azimuth_angle_of_momentum sea_water_flow__east_component_of_momentum sea_water_flow__magnitude_of_momentum sea_water_flow__north_component_of_momentum sea_water_flow__up_component_of_momentum sea_water_flow__x_component_of_momentum sea_water_flow__y_component_of_momentum sea_water_flow__z_component_of_momentum sea_water_flow__z_integral_of_u_component_of_momentum sea_water_flow__z_integral_of_v_component_of_momentum sea_water_flow__zenith_angle_of_momentum sea_water_flow__azimuth_angle_of_velocity sea_water_flow__east_component_of_velocity sea_water_flow__magnitude_of_velocity sea_water_flow__north_component_of_velocity sea_water_flow__up_component_of_velocity sea_water_flow__x_component_of_velocity sea_water_flow__y_component_of_velocity sea_water_flow__z_component_of_velocity sea_water_flow__zenith_angle_of_velocity sea_water_flow__azimuth_angle_of_vorticity sea_water_flow__east_component_of_vorticity sea_water_flow__magnitude_of_vorticity sea_water_flow__north_component_of_vorticity sea_water_flow__up_component_of_vorticity sea_water_flow__x_component_of_vorticity sea_water_flow__y_component_of_vorticity sea_water_flow__z_component_of_vorticity sea_water_flow__zenith_angle_of_vorticity sea_water_flow__east_east_component_of_reynolds_stress sea_water_flow__east_north_component_of_reynolds_stress sea_water_flow__east_up_component_of_reynolds_stress sea_water_flow__north_north_component_of_reynolds_stress sea_water_flow__north_up_component_of_reynolds_stress sea_water_flow__up_up_component_of_reynolds_stress sea_water_flow__x_x_component_of_reynolds_stress sea_water_flow__x_y_component_of_reynolds_stress sea_water_flow__x_z_component_of_reynolds_stress sea_water_flow__y_y_component_of_reynolds_stress sea_water_flow__y_z_component_of_reynolds_stress sea_water_flow__z_z_component_of_reynolds_stress sea_water_flow__east_east_component_of_stress sea_water_flow__east_north_component_of_stress sea_water_flow__east_up_component_of_stress sea_water_flow__north_north_component_of_stress sea_water_flow__north_up_component_of_stress sea_water_flow__up_up_component_of_stress sea_water_flow__x_x_component_of_stress sea_water_flow__x_y_component_of_stress sea_water_flow__x_z_component_of_stress sea_water_flow__y_y_component_of_stress sea_water_flow__y_z_component_of_stress sea_water_flow__z_z_component_of_stress sea_water_flow__east_east_component_of_viscous_stress sea_water_flow__east_north_component_of_viscous_stress sea_water_flow__east_up_component_of_viscous_stress sea_water_flow__north_north_component_of_viscous_stress sea_water_flow__north_up_component_of_viscous_stress sea_water_flow__up_up_component_of_viscous_stress sea_water_flow__x_x_component_of_viscous_stress sea_water_flow__x_y_component_of_viscous_stress sea_water_flow__x_z_component_of_viscous_stress sea_water_flow__y_y_component_of_viscous_stress sea_water_flow__y_z_component_of_viscous_stress sea_water_flow__z_z_component_of_viscous_stress sea_water_flow__dynamic_pressure sea_water_flow__magnitude_of_stress sea_water_flow__total_pressure sea_water_flow__x_x_component_of_radiation_stress (Sxx, see Notes below) sea_water_flow__x_y_component_of_radiation_stress (Sxy) sea_water_flow__y_y_component_of_radiation_stress (Syy) sea_water_flow__z_x_component_of_radiation_stress (Szx) sea_water_flow__z_y_component_of_radiation_stress (Szy) sea_water_flow__z_integral_of_x_x_component_of_radiation_stress sea_water_flow__z_integral_of_x_y_component_of_radiation_stress sea_water_flow__z_integral_of_y_y_component_of_radiation_stress sea_water_flow__azimuth_angle_of_stokes_drift_velocity sea_water_flow__magnitude_of_stokes_drift_velocity sea_water_flow__x_component_of_stokes_drift_velocity sea_water_flow__y_component_of_stokes_drift_velocity sea_water_flow__z_component_of_stokes_drift_velocity sea_water_flow__zenith_angle_of_stokes_drift_velocity sea_water_flow__time_average_of_z_integral_of_square_of_x_component_of_momentum sea_water_flow__time_average_of_z_integral_of_square_of_y_component_of_momentum sea_water_flow__turbulent_kinetic_energy (or sea_water_turbulence ??) sea_water_heat__horizontal_diffusion_coefficient (vertical or upward or "z" ??) sea_water_heat__vertical_diffusion_coefficient (vertical or upward or "z" ??) sea_water_internal-wave__amplitude sea_water_internal-wave__frequency sea_water_internal-wave__period sea_water_internal-wave__wavelength sea_water_longshore-current__speed sea_water_longshore-current__thickness sea_water_longshore-current__width sea_water_magnesium-sulfate__mass_concentration sea_water_magnesium-sulfate__molar_concentration sea_water_magnesium-sulfate__solubility sea_water_magnesium-sulfate__volume_concentration sea_water_photic-zone_bottom__depth sea_water_potassium-chloride__mass_concentration sea_water_potassium-chloride__molar_concentration sea_water_potassium-chloride__solubility sea_water_potassium-chloride__volume_concentration sea_water_rip-current__length sea_water_rip-current__mean_flow_speed sea_water_rip-current__thickness sea_water_rip-current_neck__width sea_water_salt__horizontal_diffusion_coefficient sea_water_salt__vertical_diffusion_coefficient sea_water_sodium-chloride__mass_concentration sea_water_sodium-chloride__molar_concentration sea_water_sodium-chloride__solubility sea_water_sodium-chloride__volume_concentration sea_water_surf-zone__width #### sea_water_suspended-sediment__mass_concentration sea_water_suspended-sediment__volume_concentration sea_water_tide__period sea_water_tide__range_of_depth sea_water_turbulent-kinetic-energy__diffusion_coefficient sea_water_turbulent-kinetic-energy__horizontal_diffusion_coefficient sea_water_turbulent-kinetic-energy__vertical_diffusion_coefficient
- The word "flow" is used in the object part of these names to mean "flow field". This is another example of the Object Name + Model Name Pattern, because a flow field is a mathematical model that is "imposed" on the sea water.
- Should we allow "surface" to be used here as a shorthand for "top_surface" (e.g. used for glaciers)?
- Many of the variables represented here are actually used within ROMS (Regional Ocean Modeling System), but with a different "long name".
- The term "bolus velocity" dates to about 1967 and is also called the "eddy-induced transport velocity". However, the term is used to refer to the speed at which chewed food travels down the esophagus!
- Longuet-Higgins (1962, 1970ab) developed the mathematical theory of "radiation stress" in the context of ocean waves. These stresses are the cause of longshore currents. Note that "stress" has the same units as "momentum flux", since flux means "per unit area and per unit time).
- Several other properties of water waves are listed and discussed at: Airy wave theory.
- See: Bottom water, Cabbeling, Intertidal zone, Littoral zone, Longshore drift, Ocean current, Rip current, Tide, Undertow, Wave action and Wavenumber.
Variable Names for Planets
quantity = attribute
object = earth_asthenosphere
object = earth_atmosphere
object = earth_axis
object = earth_black-body
object = earth_core
object = earth_core-mantle_boundary (known in geophysics as "cmb")
object = earth_crust (move to planet attributes ??)
object = earth_crust-mantle_boundary (known in geophysics as "moho", for Mohorovicic discontinuity, about 50 km depth)
object = earth_ellipsoid
object = earth_ellipsoid_origin #### (not all ellipsoid origins are at center of Earth. How is this quantified?
object = earth_ellipsoid_surface
object = earth_ellipsoid_surface_point-pair_geodesic ## (not always a "great circle". Use "point-to-point" vs. "point-pair"?)
object = earth_equator
object = earth_inner-core (solid iron core)
object = earth_lithosphere
object = earth_lithosphere-asthenosphere_boundary (known in geophysics as "lab")
object = earth_lower-mantle
object = earth_mantle
object = earth_mantle_plume
object = earth_mantle_transition-zone
object = earth_mesosphere
object = earth_north-hemisphere
object = earth_north-magnetic-pole
object = earth_orbit
object = earth_outer-core (liquid iron core)
object = earth_prime-meridian
object = earth_south-hemisphere
object = earth_south-magnetic-pole
object = earth_stratosphere ### (mesosphere - stratosphere boundary)
object = earth_stratosphere
object = earth_surface
object = earth_tropopause ### (troposphere - stratosphere boundary)
object = earth_troposphere
object = earth_upper-mantle
Examples
earth__bond_albedo (named after George Phillips Bond) earth__coriolis_frequency earth__escape_speed #### (or use earth_gravity__escape_speed? Direction of velocity doesn't matter, just speed.) earth__geometric_albedo earth__mass earth__mean_mass-to-volume_density earth__moment-of-inertia ### (or use classical term, "rotational_inertia" instead ??) earth__range_of_elevation earth__rotation_angular_speed ### (or angular_frequency ??) earth__rotation_kinetic_energy earth__rotation_rate earth__rotation_period (see "Process_name + Quantity Pattern") earth__sidereal_day earth__solar_azimuth_angle earth__solar_irradiation_constant ( or just "solar constant"? See notes.) earth__solar_elevation_angle earth__solar_zenith_angle earth__standard_gravity_constant (see the Constant template) earth__visual_geometric_albedo earth__volume earth_atmosphere__thickness earth_atmosphere__volume earth_axis__nutation_period ### (CHECK TERM) earth_axis__nutation_rate # ## (CHECK TERM) earth_axis__precession_period earth_axis__precession_rate earth_axis__tilt_angle (see "Object vs. Adjective Rule") earth_black-body__temperature earth_core-mantle_boundary__depth earth_crust-mantle_boundary__depth earth_ellipsoid__eccentricity (e = sqrt[ 1 - (b/a)^2 ].) earth_ellipsoid__equatorial_radius (often denoted as "a", the semi-major axis length) earth_ellipsoid__flattening_ratio (f = (a-b)/a) earth_ellipsoid__inverse_of_flattening_ratio ### (use "reciprocal", or "multiplicative inverse" instead ?) earth_ellipsoid__polar_radius (often denoted as "b", the semi-minor axis length) earth_ellipsoid__second_flattening_ratio (f = (a-b)/b, but rarely used) earth_ellipsoid__third_flattening_ratio (f = (a-b)/(a+b), used in some geodetic calculations) earth_ellipsoid_surface_point-pair_geodesic__distance ## (also called "geographic distance") earth_equator__average_temperature earth_equator__circumference earth_inner-core_radius earth_lithosphere-asthenosphere_boundary__depth earth_north-magnetic-pole__latitude earth_north-magnetic-pole__longitude earth_south_magnetic_pole__latitude earth_south_magnetic_pole__longitude earth_surface_land__area_fraction earth_surface_ocean__area_fraction earth_orbit__aphelion_distance earth_orbit__perihelion_distance earth_orbit_ellipse__eccentricity (see "Object vs. Adjective Rule") earth_orbit_ellipse_foci__separation_distance earth_orbit_ellipse_semi-major-axis__length earth_orbit_ellipse_semi-minor-axis__length earth_orbit_travel__max_of_speed (i.e. orbital speed, or "orbit following speed"). earth_orbit_travel__mean_of_speed earth_orbit_travel__min_of_speed earth_outer-core__radius earth_surface__average_temperature ##### (how computed ??) earth_surface__range_of_diurnal_temperature earth_surface_land__area_fraction earth_surface_ocean__area_fraction earth_surface_wind__range_of_speed
mars__mean_diameter mars__solar_irradiation_constant mars__standard_gravity_constant mars_axis__tilt_angle mars_ellipsoid__equatorial_radius mars_moon__count (it is 2, Deimos and Phobos)
mercury_axis__precession_period mercury_axis__precession_rate
venus_axis__tilt_angle venus_orbit__aphelion_distance venus_orbit__perihelion_distance venus_orbit-ecliptic__inclination_angle (or "venus_orbit_to_ecliptic" ?) venus__solar_irradiation_constant venus__standard_gravity_constant (8.83 m s-2)
- Some of these are needed for proper georeferencing or modeling solar radiation via celestial mechanics.
- Notice that the word "ellipsoid" was inserted in three examples above. This is an example of the Object_name + Model_name pattern that is explained at the top of the document: CSDMS Object Templates.
- Solid earth geophysicists use the following acronyms/abbreviations: CMB = core-mantle boundary, LAB = lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary and "moho" = crust-mantle boundary, also called the Mohorovicic discontinuity, at about 50 km depth.
- Note that a "black body" is an idealized version of an object, see: Black body. It is therefore an example of the Object Name + Model Name Pattern.
- See: Orbital elements for a discussion of the 6 parameters (including "inclination angle") that uniquely specify a specific orbit in astronomy.
- Note that Insolation refers to the solar irradiance measured at a given location on Earth, typically around 1000 W/m^2. The Solar irradiation constant is measured at the outer surface of Earth's atmosphere and is roughly 1366 W/m^2. Due to scattering and absorption in the atmosphere, the "insolation" is less than the "solar irradiation constant".
- See: Apparent magnitude (as viewed from Earth), Axial precession, Axial tilt, Bond albedo, Declination, Ecliptic, Geodesic, Geodesics on an ellipsoid, Geometric albedo, Great circle, Maximum parcel level, North Magnetic Pole, Nutation, Position of the Sun, Precession, Right ascension, Rhumb line, Solar azimuth angle, Solar elevation angle, Solar zenith angle, Stratopause, Vincenty's formula and Zenith.
Variable Names for Products of a Company
quantity = attribute
- Examples
gm_hummer__weight porsche-911__mrsp_price porsche-911__max_speed toyota_corolla_2008__blue-book-price ### toyota_corolla_2008_engine__volume toyota_corolla_2008_gas_tank__volume toyota_corolla_2008__fuel_economy [mpg] toyota_corolla_2008__motor-trend-magazine-safety_rating (or "motor_trend_magazine" could go into metadata; how measured)
- We would do something similar for organizations contained within other organizations, such as "us_noaa_nws" (country_agency_program). The general pattern is to go from the general to the specific.
- See CSDMS Quantity Template for Fuel Efficiency.
Variable Names for Projectiles
quantity = attribute
object = projectile
object = projectile_cross-section
object = projectile_firing-site
object = projectile_firing-site_land_surface
object = projectile_firing-site_wind
object = projectile_impact-crater
object = projectile_rotation-axis
object = projectile_target
object = projectile_target_land_surface
object = projectile_trajectory
Examples
projectile__acceleration (a vector) projectile__altitude (distance above the ground. preferable to projectile_height) projectile__angular_momentum projectile__angular_velocity (a vector) projectile__azimuth_angle_of_impact_velocity projectile__azimuth_angle_of_initial_velocity (or of_firing_velocity ??) projectile__azimuth_angle_of_velocity projectile__diameter (if spherical) projectile__drag_coefficient projectile__drag_force (a vector) projectile__firing_speed projectile__firing_time projectile__flight_duration projectile__impact_depth projectile__impact_force projectile__impact_time projectile__impact_velocity (a vector) projectile__initial_altitude (this would be zero if fired from the ground or nonzero if fired from aloft) projectile__initial_angular_momentum projectile__initial_elevation (this would be undefined if fired from aloft) projectile__initial_latitude projectile__initial_longitude projectile__initial_velocity (a vector) projectile__kinetic_energy projectile__length (if cylindrical) projectile__lift_coefficient projectile__lift_force (a vector) projectile__mach_number projectile__magnitude_of_drag_force projectile__magnitude_of_lift_force projectile__mass projectile__mass-per-volume_density ##### projectile__max_of_altitude (highest point on the trajectory) projectile__momentum projectile__potential_energy projectile__potential_range_distance (max possible, if fired at 45 degree angle) projectile__propelling_force projectile__range_distance (i.e. horizontal travel distance) projectile__reynolds_number projectile__roll_rotation_rate ##### projectile__specific_kinetic_energy [J kg-1] projectile__specific_potential_energy [J kg-1] projectile__speed projectile__velocity (a vector) projectile__weight projectile__x_component_of_acceleration projectile__x_component_of_velocity projectile__y_component_of_acceleration projectile__y_component_of_velocity projectile__z_component_of_acceleration projectile__z_component_of_velocity projectile__zenith_angle_of_impact_velocity (also called "impact angle" or "terminal angle") projectile__zenith_angle_of_initial_velocity (also called "elevation angle", "launch angle" or "firing angle") projectile__zenith_angle_of_velocity projectile_cross-section__area projectile_firing-site__elevation projectile_firing-site__latitude projectile_firing-site__longitude projectile_firing-site__speed projectile_firing-site__velocity (a vector) projectile_firing-site__x_component_of_acceleration projectile_firing-site__x_component_of_velocity projectile_firing-site__y_component_of_acceleration projectile_firing-site__y_component_of_velocity projectile_firing-site__z_component_of_acceleration projectile_firing-site__z_component_of_velocity projectile_firing-site_land_surface__aspect_angle projectile_firing-site_land_surface__slope projectile_firing-site_land_surface__slope_angle projectile_firing-site_wind__azimuth_angle_of_velocity projectile_firing-site_wind__speed projectile_firing-site_wind__velocity (a vector) projectile_firing-site_wind__x_component_of_velocity projectile_firing-site_wind__y_component_of_velocity projectile_firing-site_wind__z_component_of_velocity projectile_firing-site_wind__zenith_angle_of_velocity projectile_impact-crater__depth (insert "land_surface" ??) projectile_impact-crater__diameter projectile_target__elevation projectile_target__latitude projectile_target__longitude projectile_target__speed projectile_target__velocity (a vector) projectile_target__x_component_of_acceleration projectile_target__x_component_of_velocity projectile_target__y_component_of_acceleration projectile_target__y_component_of_velocity projectile_target__z_component_of_acceleration projectile_target__z_component_of_velocity projectile_target_land_surface__aspect_angle projectile_target_land_surface__slope projectile_target_land_surface__slope_angle projectile_trajectory__curvature projectile_trajectory__length
- "Projectile" is a generic object name that could refer to a cannonball, bullet, arrow, crossbow bolt, spear, missile, etc. We may want to make a distinction between projectiles (that are fired or launched) and meteors (that "just arrive").
- We could use "initial_elevation", "initial_latitude" and "initial_longitude" as quantity names with "projectile" as the object. However, using "projectile_firing-site" as the object name would make it possible to specify additional attributes (other than elevation, latitude and longitude) of the firing site, such as the topographic slope or aspect. It is also possible for the "firing site" to be moving (e.g. aircraft or ship), and then we need to be able to specify its velocity as well.
- Roll_angle, pitch_angle and yaw_angle are used for aircraft and perhaps could be used to describe rotation of a projectile in flight.
- See: Drag coefficient, Euler angles, Impact depth, Lift coefficient, Mach number, Magnus effect, Projectile, Range of a projectile, Rifling, and Trajectory of a projectile.
Variable Names for Radiation
quantity = attribute
quantity = "absorbance"
quantity = "albedo"
quantity = "amplitude"
quantity = "emission_angle"
quantity = "emissivity"
quantity = "flux"
quantity = "frequency"
quantity = "incidence_angle"
quantity = "intensity"
quantity = "period"
quantity = "reflectivity"
quantity = "standard_refraction_index"
quantity = "transmittance"
quantity = "wavelength"
Examples:
See examples in Attributes of the Atmosphere, Attributes of Oceans and Attributes of Topography.
- Albedo is also called "diffuse reflectivity" or "reflectance coefficient".
- See the Radiation template on this page for numerous examples of radiation fluxes.
- Note that "refraction_index" is an example of a quantity that really requires two objects to be specified, electromagnetic radiation or light of a particular wavelength and the medium that it is traveling through (e.g. air, water, vacuum). However, standard refractive index measurements (see List of refractive indices) are taken at the yellow doublet sodium D line, with a wavelength of 589 nanometers. So in CSDMS standard names the insertion of the adjective "standard" means that only one object, the medium, needs to be specified. So "air_radiation" + "standard_refraction_index" would be a valid and unambiguous name, but an <assume> tag should be included in the Model Coupling Metadata (MCM) file that specifies: "at_reference_wavelength_of_589_nm" (and maybe also "yellow_doublet_sodium_d_line_reference".) We may also want to allow names such as "550_nm_light_in_air_refraction_index".
- See: Absorbance, Albedo, Amplitude, Electromagnetic radiation, Frequency,Intensity in physics,Reflectivity, Refraction index, Transmittance, Visible radiation and Wavelength.
Variable Names for Sea Ice
quantity = attribute
Examples
sea_ice__age sea_ice__area sea_ice__area_fraction (vs. "sea_ice_concentration"; see Concentration) sea_ice__emissivity sea_ice__extent sea_ice__thickness sea_ice__time_derivative_of_area_fraction sea_ice__time_derivative_of_extent sea_ice__time_derivative_of_thickness sea_ice__time_derivative_of_volume sea_ice__volume
- What about "sea_ice_mass_balance" ? The term "mass_balance" is also used in glaciology but is confusing outside of that domain.
- The quantity "sea_ice_extent" is related to "sea_ice_area" but involves a "reference threshold" (as a percentage, usually 15%) that must be specified with an <assume> tag in a Model Metadata File. See Measurement of sea ice. Also see Reference Quantities.
- See Concentration, Fraction and Thickness.
Variable Names for Snow
quantity = attribute
object = snow
object = snow_grain
object = snowpack
object = snowpack_bottom
object = snowpack_bottom_ice_layer
object = snowpack_bottom_surface
object = snowpack_core
object = snowpack_first-crust #### or ice_first-layer ??
object = snowpack_layer
object = snowpack_new-snow
object = snowpack_second-crust #### or ice_second-layer ??
object = snowpack_snow_grain
object = snowpack_top
object = snowpack_top_surface
Examples
snow__blowing_speed #### ?? snow__cold_content_energy ## (energy required to raise snowpack temperature to the melting point; a deficit??) snow__mass-per-volume_density snow__mass_specific_thermal_capacity snow__thermal_conductivity snow__volume_specific_thermal_capacity snow_grain__mean_diameter snowpack__albedo snowpack__absorbed_incoming_longwave_radiation_flux snowpack__absorbed_incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux snowpack__depth snowpack__diurnal_max_of_temperature snowpack__diurnal_min_of_temperature snowpack__diurnal_range_of_temperature snowpack__emissivity snowpack__incoming_longwave_radiation_flux snowpack__liquid-equivalent_depth ### (usually called "snow water equivalent" depth) snowpack__liquid-equivalent_volume snowpack__mean_of_mass-per-volume_density snowpack__melt_rate snowpack__outgoing_longwave_radiation_flux snowpack__reflected_incoming_longwave_radiation_flux snowpack__reflected_incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux snowpack__sublimation_rate snowpack__time_derivative_of_depth snowpack__time_derivative_of_temperature snowpack_bottom__temperature snowpack_core__length snowpack_first-crust__depth snowpack_layer__count snowpack_new-snow__depth snowpack_second-crust__depth snowpack_top__temperature snowpack_top_air__temperature snowpack_top_surface__hardness wet-snow_rubber__kinetic_friction_coefficient wet-snow_rubber__static_friction_coefficient wet-snow_waxed-ski__kinetic_friction_coefficient wet-snow_waxed-ski__static_friction_coefficient
- The use of "snowpack" here is directly analogous to the use of "glacier" in the CSDMS Standard Names. The first is an entity made of snow; the second made of ice. Perhaps "snowcover" would be better?
- Here we take "snowpack" to mean any mass of snow that has accumulated on the ground, whether or not it has been "compressed" or "packed".
- The concept of "snow" generalizes to frozen precipitation of other substances like carbon dioxide (on Mars) and methane (on Jupiter's moon, Titan). The current and natural trend is to simply call these "carbon-dioxide_snow" and "methane_snow". The word "snow" used by itself then means "water_snow". Similarly, we could use "carbon-dioxide_ice" and "methane_ice", even though the former is also known as "dry ice".
- Do we need to use "land_snow" and "ice_snow", etc. ??
Variable Names for Soil
quantity = attribute
object = soil
object = soil_active-layer
object = soil_air
object = soil_capillary-fringe
object = soil_clay
object = soil_epiphreatic-zone
object = soil_horizontal-section
object = soil_ice
object = soil_ice_lense
object = soil_ice_thawing-front
object = soil_laterite-layer
object = soil_layer
object = soil_loam
object = soil_macropores
object = soil_parent-material
object = soil_permafrost
object = soil_permafrost_bottom
object = soil_permafrost_top
object = soil_profile
object = soil_regolith-layer
object = soil_sand
object = soil_saprolite-layer
object = soil_saturated-zone (also called the "phreatic zone")
object = soil_saturated-zone_top (i.e. the water table)
object = soil_silt
object = soil_surface
object = soil_surface_water
object = soil_unsaturated-zone (also called the "vadose zone"
object = soil_vertical-section
object = soil_water
object = soil_water_flow
object = soil_water_frost-front ####
object = soil_water_wetting-front (as water infiltrates down into dry soil)
object = soil_o-horizon
object = soil_a-horizon
object = soil_e-horizon
object = soil_b-horizon
object = soil_c-horizon
object = soil_r-horizon
object = soil_solum
Examples
land_surface_water__depth land_surface_water__infiltration_rate model_soil_layer_0__porosity model_soil_layer_0__thickness model_soil_layer_0__wetted_thickness soil_air__volume_fraction (not same as porosity) soil_clay__volume_fraction soil_ice__volume_fraction soil_loam__volume_fraction soil_sand__volume_fraction soil_silt__volume_fraction soil_water__volume_fraction soil_active-layer__thickness soil__brooks_corey_b_parameter (lambda = 1/b) ##### (should this be for soil or "soil_water" ??) soil__brooks_corey_eta_parameter soil__brooks_corey_lambda_parameter soil__brooks_corey_smith_c_parameter soil__brooks_corey_smith_pressure_head_offset ##### soil__freeze_depth ### soil__green_ampt_capillary_length (denoted as G, or "length_scale" ??) ## (or "green_ampt_g_parameter") soil__mass-per-volume_density soil__mass_specific_thermal_capacity soil__porosity soil__reference_depth_temperature soil__smith_parlange_gamma_parameter soil__specific_permeability (function of medium only, not fluid) soil__temperature soil__temperature_reference_depth soil__thaw_depth ### soil__thermal_conductivity soil__thickness soil__void_ratio (not same as porosity. Same as "soil_air__volume_fraction" ?) soil__volume_specific_thermal_capacity soil_horizontal-section_macropores__area_fraction (in PIHM) ##### soil_layer__thickness soil_macropores__horizontal_saturated_hydraulic_conductivity (in PIHM) soil_macropores__vertical_saturated_hydraulic_conductivity (in PIHM) soil_permafrost__thickness soil_permafrost_bottom__depth soil_permafrost_top__depth soil_saturated-zone_top__depth (i.e. depth to the water table) soil_saturated-zone_top__recharge_rate soil_surface_water__baseflow_emergence_rate (nonstandard, but unambiguous) soil_surface_water__volume_fraction (water content) soil_surface_water__infiltration_rate soil_surface_water__ponding_depth soil_surface_water__ponding_time soil_surface_water__time_integral_of_infiltration_rate soil_unsaturated-zone__thickness soil_vertical-section_macropores__area_fraction (in PIHM) ######## soil_water__air_dried_pressure_head soil_water__atterberg_activity_index soil_water__atterberg_liquid_limit_volume_fraction soil_water__atterberg_liquidity_index soil_water__atterberg_plastic_limit_volume_fraction soil_water__atterberg_plasticity_index soil_water__atterberg_shrinkage_limit_volume_fraction soil_water__bubbling_pressure_head (or air_entry_pressure_head ??) soil_water__diffusivity soil_water__effective_hydraulic_conductivity soil_water__effective_saturated_hydraulic_conductivity soil_water__effective_saturation (same as "normalized_volume_fraction") soil_water__field_capacity_pressure_head soil_water__field_capacity_volume_fraction (water content) soil_water__hydraulic_conductivity (function of medium and fluid) soil_water__hygroscopic_pressure_head soil_water__hygroscopic_volume_fraction (water content) soil_water__infiltrability (fc, "potential_infiltration_rate" ??) soil_water__initial_volume_fraction (water content) soil_water__normalized_hydraulic_conductivity soil_water__normalized_volume_fraction (water content) soil_water__oven_dried_pressure_head soil_water__potential_infiltration_rate (less standard term for fc = infiltrability) soil_water__pressure_head soil_water__relative_hydraulic_conductivity (K/Ks) soil_water__residual_volume_fraction (water content) soil_water__saturated_hydraulic_conductivity (function of medium and fluid) soil_water__saturated_volume_fraction soil_water__sorptivity ##### check soil_water__wilting_point_pressure_head soil_water__wilting_point_volume_fraction soil_water__van_genuchten_alpha_parameter ##### (should this be for soil or "soil_water" ??) soil_water__van_genuchten_m_parameter soil_water__van_genuchten_n_parameter soil_water_flow__x_component_of_darcy_velocity (darcy_velocity = specific_discharge, macroscopic = volume flux) soil_water_flow__y_component_of_darcy_velocity soil_water_flow__z_component_of_darcy_velocity soil_ice_thawing-front__depth soil_water_frost-front__depth soil_water_wetting-front__depth
- The quantity name darcy_velocity is used for the volume flux that is otherwise known as the specific discharge. Freeze and Cherry (1979) mention both names, but emphasize the latter in order to make a clear distinction between it and the microscopic fluid velocity within pores. It has units of velocity and in the general case is modeled as a (macroscopic) three-dimensional velocity field (i.e. 3 components). Retaining the adjective "darcy" serves as a reminder of its origins and macroscopic nature.
- The quantity name volume_fraction is used instead of the more standard term water content. By keeping the word "water" in the (compound) object name "soil_water" and out of the quantity name, we maintain consistency with other standard names. "Volume_fraction" is also more self-explanatory.
- The quantity name potential_infiltration_rate is used instead of the alternate name infiltrability since it is the max possible infiltration rate.
- The quantity name baseflow_emergence_rate is used instead of "baseflow_seepage_rate" since the word seepage leaves ambiguity as to whether the flow is into the surface or out of the surface.
- What about Laterite, Pedolith, Pedosphere, Regolith and Saprolite (chemically weathered rock) ?
- See: Active layer, Atterberg Limits, Earth's Critical Zone, Macropore, Parent material, Permafrost, Phreatic zone, Soil, Soil biomantle, Soil science, Soil horizon, Soil mechanics, Solum, Sorptivity, Vadoze zone and Water content.
Variable Names for Topography
quantity = attribute
quantity = "aspect_angle" (aspect is not used by itself)
quantity = "elevation"
quantity = "laplacian_curvature"
quantity = "mean_curvature"
quantity = "plan_curvature"
quantity = "profile_curvature"
quantity = "slope" [unitless = rise/run = L/L]
quantity = "slope_angle" [radians or degrees]
quantity = "specific_contributing_area"
quantity = "streamline_curvature"
quantity = "tangential_curvature"
quantity = "total_contributing_area"
object = "land"
object = "land_above-surface"
object = "land_subsurface" #### (better than "underground" ??)
object = "land_subsurface_saturated-zone"
object = "land_subsurface_saturated-zone_top" (i.e. surface of groundwater table)
object = "land_subsurface_unsaturated-zone"
object = "land_surface"
object = "land_surface_ice"
object = "land_surface_water"
object = "land_vegetation"
Examples
bedrock_surface__elevation bedrock__uplift_rate glacier_surface__elevation land_domain_boundary__lowering_rate land_subsurface_saturated-zone_top__depth #### CHECK land_surface__absorbed_incoming_longwave_radiation land_surface__absorbed_incoming_shortwave_radiation land_surface__albedo land_surface__aspect_angle # (angle of reverse gradient vector) land_surface__backscattered_incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux land_surface__diffuse_incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux land_surface__direct_incoming_shortwave_radiation_flux land_surface__elevation land_surface__elevation_increment land_surface__incoming_longwave_radiation land_surface__incoming_shortwave_radiation land_surface__initial_elevation land_surface__laplacian_of_elevation (Is "laplacian_curvature" a synonym ??) ####### land_surface__latitude land_surface__longitude land_surface__max_of_elevation land_surface__max_of_elevation_increment land_surface__mean_curvature land_surface__min_of_elevation land_surface__min_of_increment_of_elevation land_surface__net_longwave_radiation (incoming - outgoing) land_surface__net_shortwave_radiation (incoming - outgoing) land_surface__outgoing_longwave_radiation ###### (use "emitted" instead of "outgoing" to exclude reflected ??) land_surface__plan_curvature land_surface__profile_curvature land_surface__reflected_incoming_longwave_radiation land_surface__reflected_incoming_shortwave_radiation land_surface__slope land_surface__slope_angle land_surface__specific_contributing_area (measured by D8, D-inf, etc.) land_surface__streamline_curvature land_surface__tangential_curvature land_surface__time_derivative_of_elevation land_surface__total_contributing_area (measured by D8, D-inf., etc.) land_surface__x_component_of_gradient_of_elevation land_surface__y_component_of_gradient_of_elevation land_surface__x_component_of_gradient_of_slope land_surface__y_component_of_gradient_of_slope land_surface__x_derivative_of_elevation land_surface__y_derivative_of_elevation land_surface_water_flow__azimuth_angle_of_velocity land_surface_water_flow__depth #### (overland flow depth) (in PIHM) land_surface_water_flow__down_component_of_velocity land_surface_water_flow__east_component_of_velocity land_surface_water_flow__magnitude_of_velocity land_surface_water_flow__north_component_of_velocity land_surface_water_flow__y_component_of_velocity land_surface_water_flow__z_component_of_velocity land_surface_water_flow__zenith_angle_of_velocity land_surface_water__volume-per-unit-contour-length_flow_rate land_surface_water__x_component_of_gradient_of_pressure_head (in PIHM) land_surface_water__y_component_of_gradient_of_pressure_head (in PIHM) land_vegetation__annual_time_max_of_leaf-area-index (in PIHM) land_vegetation__leaf-area-index (in PIHM) land_vegetation__reference_stomatal_resistance (in PIHM) land_vegetation__roughness_length (in PIHM) ##### or (atmosphere_bottom_air_flow_vegetation__roughness_length ??) land_vegetation__time_min_of_stomatal_resistance (in PIHM)
- Note that many of these quantities are defined in terms of first or second derivatives, which requires a certain degree of smoothness (differentiable or twice differentiable). Real topography is generally not this smooth, especially at small scales, but these quantities are nevertheless useful and can be computed from DEMs. In the CSDMS Standard Names, the Object_name + Model_name Pattern indicates that the word "surface" should be inserted in front of the quantity name when the quantity is only defined for some kind of idealized "model" surface. See the Surface template.
- "Specific contributing area" (SCA) is a quantity that can be defined for each point on a mathematical surface as the (upstream) contributing area per unit contour length. "Total contributing area" (TCA) is a quantity obtained from integrating SCA over a line segment, such as the width of a grid cell projected in the direction of the surface gradient. The relationship between TCA and SCA is similar to that between water discharge (Q) and unit-width water discharge (q).
- "contour curvature" is a synonym for "plan curvature". "streamline curvature" is not well-known. See: Peckham (2011).
- See: Aspect, Bathymetry, Curvature, Drainage basin, Elevation, Geomorphometry, Slope and Topography.
- There is an international society called: geomorphometry.org that meets every two years.
Variable Names for a Water Tank
quantity = attribute
Examples
atmosphere_water__precipitation_duration atmosphere_water__liquid-equivalent_precipitation_rate tank_horizontal-cross-section__area tank_horizontal-cross-section__radius tank_outlet_cross-section__area tank_outlet_water__flow_speed tank_water__depth tank_water__initial_depth tank_water__volume
- One of the BMI examples is for a simple model of a cylindrical water tank with an open top that can receive rainfall and a smaller outlet that the water drains from.
- A word like "rainwater_tank", "storage_tank" or "rain_barrel" might be better than "tank", which has alternate meanings.
Variable Names for Watersheds
quantity = attribute
object = "watershed"
object = "watershed_boundary"
object = "watershed_burned-land"
object = "watershed_centroid"
object = "watershed_channels"
object = "watershed_channel-network" ### for Horton ratios, etc. ??
object = "watershed_forested-land"
object = "watershed_longest-channel"
object = "watershed_longest-channel_centerline"
object = "watershed_main-channel"
object = "watershed_outlet"
object = "watershed_outlet_channel"
object = "watershed_outlet_channel_cross-section"
object = "watershed_outlet_left-bank"
object = "watershed_outlet_right-bank"
object = "watershed_outlet_water"
object = "watershed_outlet_water_suspended-sediment"
object = "watershed_rain-gauge"
object = "watershed_sediment"
object = "watershed_soil"
object = "watershed_sources"
object = "watershed_weather-station"
Examples
watershed__d8_total_contributing_area (i.e. upstream, contributing area) watershed__d-infinity_total_contributing_area watershed__flint_law_exponent (vs. "flint_law_concavity_exponent") watershed__flint_law_coefficient (vs. "flint_law_steepness_parameter") watershed__hack_law_coefficient watershed__hack_law_exponent watershed__mass-flux_total_contributing_area #### watershed__max_of_elevation watershed__mean_of_elevation watershed__min_of_elevation watershed__range_of_elevation (also called the "relief") watershed_boundary__circularity_shape_factor watershed_boundary__sqrt_of_area_over_diameter_shape_factor ########## watershed_boundary__diameter watershed_boundary__perimeter watershed_burned-land__area_fraction watershed_centroid__elevation watershed_centroid__latitude watershed_centroid__longitude watershed_channel-network__horton_bifurcation_ratio watershed_channel-network__pfafstetter_code watershed_channel-network__shreve_magnitude (or water_channel-network_source__count ??) watershed_channel-network__total_length watershed_channel-network__total-length-to-area_ratio ### (usually called "drainage density") watershed_channel-network__usgs_hydrologic_unit_code watershed_channel-network_graph__diameter (i.e. path to root with greatest number of links) watershed_forested-land__area_fraction watershed_longest-channel__length watershed_longest-channel_centerline__valley_sinuosity watershed_outlet__bankfull-width watershed_outlet_center__elevation watershed_outlet_center__latitude watershed_outlet_center__longitude watershed_outlet_channel__slope watershed_outlet_channel_cross-section__width_to_depth_ratio watershed_outlet_left-bank__latitude watershed_outlet_left-bank__longitude watershed_outlet_right-bank__latitude watershed_outlet_right-bank__longitude watershed_outlet_water__depth watershed_outlet_water__mean_flow_speed ### (really a volume_flux ??) watershed_outlet_water__volume_flow_rate watershed_outlet_water__width watershed_outlet_water_bedload-sediment__mass_flow_rate watershed_outlet_water_bedload-sediment__volume_flow_rate watershed_outlet_water_suspended-sediment__mass_flow_rate watershed_outlet_water_suspended-sediment__volume_flow_rate watershed_outlet_water_washload-sediment__mass_flow_rate watershed_outlet_water_washload-sediment__volume_flow_rate watershed_rain-gauge__count watershed_sediment__yield (include "outlet" ?) ###### watershed_soil__topgraphic_index watershed_soil__wetness_index watershed_sources__number-per-area_density watershed_weather-station__count
- The word "basin" is used in other, non-water-related contexts. The word "catchment" is a synonym.
- "watershed_boundary" seems better than "watershed_drainage_divide". We could introduce "watershed_interior" also, if needed.
- "watershed_polygon" would be another example of our Object_name + Model_name Pattern.