CSN Assumption Names

  CSDMS Standard Names — Assumption Names

• This document provides standardized assumption names or descriptors for use in Model Coupling Metadata (MCM) files. They are organized into groups which are (for the most part) mutually exclusive and which intend to span the types that are needed to describe a model's underlying physics. They cannot yet be said to be exhaustive but they are illustrative. The ones collected here already illustrate various language patterns that are commonly used to describe assumptions.
  
  

• Note that assumption is meant to be taken as a broad term that can include things like conditions, simplifications, approximations, limitations, conventions, provisos and other forms of clarification.
  
  

• CSDMS encourages model developers to include as many <assume> tags in their Model Coupling Metadata (MCM) file as they feel apply to their model or to a particular input or output variable name. XML tag nesting determines the scope of an <assume> tag. For someone familiar with a particular modeling domain, the terms that have been collected here should be easily recognized and understood as part of that domain's standard terminology.
  
  

• Given a collection of models that have Model Coupling Metadata (MCM) files which include a standardized listing of assumptions it will be straightforward to write software that allows the CSDMS modeling framework to automatically check whether two components to be coupled are compatible and alert users to potential problems or mismatches. Reports can also be generated automatically that quantify the degree of compatibility. Similarly, opportunities for valid model coupling can then also be automatically identified.

Boundary Condition Assumptions

• See: Boundary value problem and Initial value problem. Initial conditions are also included in this section.
• These all end with "_boundary_condition".

cauchy_boundary_condition
clamped_boundary_condition
constant_pressure_boundary_condition
dirichlet_boundary_condition
free_surface_boundary_condition
hinged_boundary_condition
moving_boundary_condition
mixed_boundary_condition
neumann_boundary_condition
natural_boundary_condition
no_normal_flow_boundary_condition
no_slip_boundary_condition
periodic_boundary_condition   (same as "wrap-around")
pinned_boundary_condition
robin_boundary_condition
stefan_boundary_condition  (See: Stefan problem.)
tidal_boundary_condition
toroidal_boundary_condition   (same as "doubly periodic" ??)

Conserved Quantity Assumptions

• These names all end in "_conserved". See Conservation Law and links therein.
• These names would usually be used within an <object> tag block which would make it clear what is being conserved (e.g. water or sediment).

angular_momentum_conserved
electric_charge_conserved
energy_conserved
linear_momentum_conserved
mass_conserved
momentum_conserved
potential_vorticity_conserved

Coordinate Systems

• These end in "coordinate_system".
• See: List of common coordinate transformations.

bipolar_coordinate_system
boundary-fitted_orthogonal_curvilinear_coordinate_system
cartesian_coordinate_system    (same as "rectilinear")
cylindrical_coordinate_system   (same as "polar" if 2D)
elliptic_coordinate_system
geographic_coordinate_system
log-polar_coordinate_system
orthogonal_curvilinear_coordinate_system
parabolic_coordinate_system
projected_coordinate_system   (i.e. map projections)
right_hand_rule_coordinate_system
spherical_coordinate_system
terrain_following_vertical_coordinate_system    (Same as "sigma coordinates"??  See: S-coordinate models, Sigma coordinates.)

Georeferencing Assumptions

• Standard names for projections, ellipsoids and datums are available in the EPSG Registry.

• Standard names for projections, ellipsoids and datums are also used in the GeoTIFF Spec.

Sign and Angle Conventions

clockwise_from_east_azimuth_convention
clockwise_from_north_azimuth_convention    (all "bearing" angles, e.g. wind "from" angles)
clockwise_from_south_azimuth_convention
counter-clockwise_from_east_azimuth_convention
counter-clockwise_from_x_axis_azimuth_convention  (standard math)
x-axis_directed_downwind
x-axis_directed_offshore
y-axis_directed_alongshore
z-axis_directed_downward   (positive_downward)
z-axis_directed_upward       (positive_upward)
z-axis_normal_to_surface

Dimensionality Assumptions

• If the "richards_equation" assumption is used for infiltration, keep 1D and 3D out of the assumption name and give one of these with a separate <assume> tag.
• What about things like "1.5-dimensional" models?

1d 
2d
3d

Equations, Laws and Principles

• An <assume> tag should be provided for each equation that a model (or model component) uses. Most equations have standard names, as shown in the examples below.

• These all end in "_equation", "_law" or "_principle", except for the "law of the wall".

• See Wikipedia: Laws of Science and List of Eponymous Laws.

adams_williamson_equation    (See: Adams-Williamson equation.)
ampere_law
archimedes_principle
avogadro_law
beer_lambert_law
bernoulli_principle
biharmonic_equation
biot_savart_law
boltzman_equation
boyle_law
burgers_equation
cauchy_riemann_equations
combined_gas_law
conservation_of_energy_law         ###
conservation_of_mass_law            ###  (same as continuity_equation)
conservation_of_momentum_law  ###
coulomb_law
dalton_law
darcy_law   (See: Darcy's law).
darcy_weisbach_equation   (See: Darcy-Weisbach).
diffusion_equation
ehrenfest_equations   (See: Ehrenfest equations).
eikonal_equation     (See: Eikonal equation.)
einstein_field_equations
euler_equation   (inviscid flow)
euler_lagrange_equation
exner_equation
faraday_law
faxen_law
fick_law
flint_law
fresnel_equations
friedmann_equations
fourier_law
gauss_law_for_electricity
gauss_law_for_magnetism
gay_lussac_law
geodesic_equation
geometric_optics_equation
gibbs_helmholtz_equation
gibrat_law     (See: Gibrat's law.)
glen_stress_strain_law     (Glen's Law for glacier flows, Glen (1955); nonnewtonian fluid)
hack_law
### heat_equation  (use "diffusion_equation" instead)
helmholtz_equation
henry_law
horton_law
hubble_law
huygens_fresnel_principle     (See: Huygens-Fresnel principle.)
ideal_gas_law     (See: Ideal gas law.  Also an "ideal_gas_model" ??)
joule_first_law
joule_second_law
kepler_first_law_of_planetary_motion
kepler_second_law_of_planetary_motion
kepler_third_law_of_planetary_motion
kirchoff_circuit_laws     Kirchoff circuit laws
kirchoff_diffraction_formula
kirchoff_thermal_radiation_law
laplace_equation
law_of_the_wall          (flow resistance)
lorentz_force_law
manning_equation     (flow resistance)
mass_energy_equivalence
maxwell_equations
minimal_surface_equation
navier_stokes_equation
nernst_equation  (See: Nernst equation.)
newton_first_law_of_motion
newton_law_of_cooling
newton_law_of_universal_gravitation
newton_second_law_of_motion
newton_third_law_of_motion
nonlinear_diffusion_equation   ###
ohm_law
p_laplace_equation
planck_law
poiseuille_law
poisson_equation
reynolds_averaged_navier_stokes_equation
richards_equation   (infiltration theory)
schroedinger_equation
snell_law
stefan_boltzmann_law
stiff_equation   #### (a type, vs. a named equation)
stokes_law
thermodynamics_zeroth_law
thermodynamics_first_law
thermodynamics_second_law
thermodynamics_third_law
wien_displacement_law
young_laplace_equation
zipf_law     (See: Zipf's law.)

Inequalities

• These all end in "_inequality".

• See List of Inequalities (Wikipedia).

Identities

• These all end in "_identity".

• See List of Mathematical Identities (Wikipedia).

Approximations

• These all end in "_approximation" and some can be found in other sections.

adiabatic_approximation
binomial_approximation
born_approximation
born-huang_approximation
born-oppenheimer_approximation
boussinesq_approximation  (ocean modeling)
central_field_approximation
coherent_potential_approximation
coopmans_approximation   (See: Coopmans approximation.)
deep_water_wave_approximation
diophantine_approximation (of real numbers by rationals)
eikonal_approximation
empty-lattice_approximation
flat_space-time_approximation
first-order_approximation
fourier_series_approximation
frictionless_approximation
gaussian_approximation
gross-pitaevskii_approximation
heavy_traffic_approximation
infiltrated-depth_approximation  (infiltration modeling)
kirkwood_approximation
lanczos_approximation
laurent_series_approximation
linear_approximation
local-density_approximation
low_rank_approximation
mean-field_approximation
minimax_approximation
muffin-tin_approximation
pade_approximation (of functions by rational functions)
patched-conic_approximation
percus-yevick_approximation
perturbation_series_approximation   (See: Perturbation theory.)
power-law_approximation
puiseux_series_approximation
quadratic_approximation
rigid_lid_approximation   (## maybe not here?)
second-order_approximation
shallow_water_approximation
shallow_water_wave_approximation
small-angle_approximation  (also, paraxial approximation)
spouge_approximation
steady-state_approximation
stirling_approximation
taylor_series_approximation
thin-lense_approximation
two-stream_approximation
wavelet_series_approximation  ####
wkb_approximation

Flow-Type Assumptions

• These names all end in "_flow".

accelerating_flow
axisymmetric_flow  (in cylindrical coordinates, all theta derivatives are zero)
boundary_layer_flow
converging_flow
couette_flow    (See: Couette flow.  Really a "flow model"?)
critical_flow   (Froude number = 1.  See subcritical & supercritical.)
depth_integrated_flow        (for 3D flow to 2D flow;  vs. vertically_integrated_flow)
diverging_flow
drag_induced_flow  (e.g. Couette flow)
electro_osmotic_flow
fully_developed_flow  (i.e. derivatives of velocity with distance in the flow direction vanish)
geostrophic_flow           ###### CHECK
hele_shaw_flow  (See: Hele-Shaw flow.  Really a "flow model"?)
high_froude_number_flow
high_reynolds_number_flow
hydraulically_rough_flow
hydraulically_smooth_flow
hydrostatic_flow
hypersonic_flow
inviscid_flow  (of an ideal fluid with no viscosity)
isentropic_flow (both adiabatic and reversible;  see isentropic_process)
laminar_flow
low_froude_number_flow
low_reynolds_number_flow
nonaccelerating_flow  (i.e. the nonlinear inertial term is negligible compared to others)
nonhydrostatic_flow
no_radial_flow (i.e. in cylindrical coordinates, the r component of velocity is zero)
no_swirl_flow  (i.e. in cylindrical coordinates, the theta component of velocity is zero; also non-swirling)
plug_flow  (See: Plug flow.  Sometimes called "piston flow".)
poiseuille_flow  (See: [1]. Really a "flow model"?)
potential_flow   (irrotational and inviscid, as around airfoils;  See Potential flow).
pressure_induced_flow (e.g. Poiseuille flow)
separated_flow
statistically_isotropic_turbulent_flow
steady_flow  (all time derivatives equal zero)
stokes_flow  (same as "creeping flow"; See: Stokes flow).
subcritical_flow      (Froude number < 1; see: Froude number.)
subsonic_flow
supercritical_flow    (Froude_number > 1)
supersonic_flow
taylor_couette_flow  (Really a flow model?)
taylor_dean_flow  (Really a flow model?)
transonic_flow
turbulent_flow
unsteady_flow
variable_area_flow  (include this one? see converging and diverging flow; nozzles)
viscous_flow
   
Note: "reynolds_averaged" is used in "reynolds_averaged_navier_stokes_equation".

Fluid-Type Assumptions

• These names all end in "_fluid". See Non-newtonian Fluid and links therein.

• See: Fluid dynamics and links therein.

• The word "material" is often used instead of "fluid" or "solid", especially in the case of material types or models that may occur in either fluid or solid form.

• Most of these assumptions correspond to a particular functional relationship that describes how a fluid or material responds to an applied shear stress. (See: stress-strain curve.) These typically involve some combination of (1) shear stress (often denoted by tau or sigma), (2) time derivative of shear stress, and (3) shear strain rate (time derivative of the strain), sometimes abbreviated to "shear rate" or "strain rate" Note that strain is dimensionless and often denoted as epsilon. Shear stress (like pressure) has SI units of Pa. Shear rate (same as strain rate) has SI units of (1/s).

• Glen's Law is a power-law relationship that expresses the shear strain rate as the shear stress to a power, where the power is often n=3. It may be a special case of one of the nonnewtonian fluid types listed here.

bingham_plastic_fluid   (See: Bingham plastic).
boger_fluid (See: [2]).
carreau_fluid  (See: [3]).
casson_fluid      (industry standard model for molten milk chocolate)
compressible_fluid
cross_fluid  (See: [4]).
dilatant_fluid     (shear thickening fluid or STF)
first_order_fluid
herschel_bulkley_fluid  (See: [5]).
incompressible_fluid
kelvin_voigt_fluid       (a linear viscoelastic model; same as "kelvin_material"  ?? ######)
maxwell_fluid   (a linear viscoelastic model.  See: Maxwell material.)
newtonian_fluid    (linear relation between shear stress and strain rate that goes through origin)
nonnewtonian_fluid
oldroyd_fluid   (a linear viscoeleastic model; see Oldroyd-B model.
power_law_fluid    (generalized Newtonian, Ostward-de Waele)
pseudoplastic_fluid (shear thinning)
quemada_fluid   (Used to model blood.  See: Hemorheology.)
rheopectic_fluid
second_order_fluid
super_fluid  (See: Superfluid).
thixotropic_fluid  (See: Thixotropy.)
viscoelastic_fluid  (See: Viscoelastic.)
viscoplastic_fluid  (See: Viscoplastic.)
 
Note: Use "inviscid_flow" vs. "inviscid_fluid" and "viscous_flow" vs. "viscous_fluid".

Material-Type Assumptions

• These names all end in "_material".

• There is sometimes a blurred semantic distinction between a "material model" (e.g. Arruda-Boyce model) and just a "material'. There are many named models (see separate section) for mathematical models of materials.

• Some types of materials can exist as either a solid or a fluid, and an extra assumption tag should be used to specify if one or the other is assumed.

• "Material" is used as a generic term. See: Materials science.)

amorphous_material (e.g. gel, glass;  also noncrystalline_material.  See: [6].)
auxetic_material  (See: Auxetics.)
bio_material  (See: Biomaterial.)
cauchy_elastic_material   (same as simple elastic material)
ceramic_material    (See: Ceramic materials.)
composite_material   (See: Composite materials.)
compressible_material
crystalline_material  (or solid?)
elastic_material    (See: Elasticity.)
elastoplastic_material
elastoviscoplastic_material  (or solid?)
glass_material  (amorphous solid that exhibits a glass transition.  See: Glass.)
homogeneous_material
hyperelastic_material   (See: Hyperelastic material. Also called green elastic material and special case of cauchy elastic material.)
hypoelastic_material   (See: Hypoelastic material).
incompressible_material
isotropic_material
kelvin_voigt_material  (See: Kelvin-Voigt Material.)
linear_elastic_material
maxwell_material  (See: [7].)
mohr_coulomb_material    (See: Mohr-Coulomb theory.  Model or material type?)
nonlinear_elastic_material
plastic_material   (See: Plastic.  Compare to polymeric material.)
polymeric_material   (See: Polymer.)
semicrystalline_material
solid_material   (for cases where material may be fluid or solid)
thermoelastic_material
viscoelastic_material    (See: Viscoelastisticity.)
viscoplastic_material   (See: Viscoplasticity.)

Function-Type Assumptions

• These names all end in "_function".
• See Geometry and Shape Assumptions.

analytic_function
bijective_function
chebyshev_polynomial_function
circle_function
complex_valued_function
constant_function
continuous_function
cosine_function
cumulative_distribution_function
daubechies_d2_wavelet_function    (actually a whole family, with d2, d4, ..., d20)
decreasing_function
differentiable_function
differentiable_twice_function
dirac_delta_function
discontinuous_function
ellipse_function
exponential_function
gamma_function
gaussian_function
golden_spiral_function
haar_wavelet_function
harmonic_function
hermite_polynomial_function
hermitian_wavelet_function
holomorphic_function    (very similar to "analytic_function")
hyperbola_function
identity_function
increasing_function
injective_function
inverse_function
linear_function
log_function
log_spiral_function   (See: Log spiral.)
logit_function  (See: Logit function.)
monotonic_function
negative_function
nondecreasing_function   (distinct from "increasing_function")
nonnegative_function
parabola_function   (same as "quadratic_function")
periodic_function
polynomial_function
positive_function
power_law_function
probability_density_function
probit_function (See: Probit function.)
real_valued_function
ricker_wavelet_function    ("mexican hat wavelet")
sawtooth_wave_function
sine_function
sqrt_function
square_wave_function  (See: square wave.)
step_function   (See: Heaviside step function.)
tanh_function
triangle_wave_function
 
See: List of mathematical functions (Wikipedia).

Note that "multivalued_function" is a misnomer. See: multivalued function.)

• These are already included with Probability Distributions

beta_density_function
gompertz_function

• We could have a similar section for surfaces.

continuous_surface
differentiable_surface
differentiable_twice_surface

Geometric Assumptions

• Most of these names end in "_shaped".
• The polygons here are assumed to be regular polygons. If they aren't, insert the adjective "irregular".
• See: Geometry.

circle_shaped
cone_shaped
cube_shaped
cylinder_shaped
ellipse_shaped
ellipsoid_shaped      (e.g. for earth)
half_plane
hexagon_shaped
hyperbola_shaped
octagon_shaped
parabola_shaped
pentagon_shaped
prism_shaped
rectangle_shaped
rhombus_shaped
semicircle_shaped     (e.g. for a channel_cross_section)
sphere_shaped
square_pyramid_shaped
square_shaped
trapezoid_shaped      (e.g. for a channel_cross_section)
triangular_pyramid_shaped
 
concave
concave_upward    (long profiles)
convex

Exclusions

• These are objects or effects that are neglected or excluded from consideration in a model.
• Only relevant/important exclusions should be reported.
• Most of these names start with "no_".

no_aerosols  (1 in CF)
no_anthropogenic_effects
no_antrhopogenic_land_use_change    (######  1 in CF;  excluding_anthropogenic_land_use_change)
no_baseflow   (hydrology)    (1 in CF; excluding_baseflow)
no_bioturbation
no_clouds  (1 in CF)
no distributaries
no_friction
no_interception  (hydrology)
no_litter    (on forest floor)   (1 in CF;  excluding_litter)
no_longwave-radiation
no_macropores
no_overbank_flow
no_radial_flow   (explained and duplicated in "Flow type assumptions")
no_rainfall
no_relativistic_effects
no_resistance
no_shadowing
no_shortwave-radiation
no_slipping
no_sloped-terrain
no_swirl_flow   (explained and duplicated in "Flow type assumptions")
no_snow   (1 in CF)
no_snowfall
no_tides   (2 in CF)
no_turbulence
no_vegetation
## no_viscosity   (use inviscid_flow)
no_waves

Named Model-Type Assumptions (by Domain)

• These names all end in "_model".

Aerodynamics Models
clark_x_airfoil_model
clark_y_airfoil_model
clark_z_airfoil_model
eppler_1200_airfoil_model
joukowski_airfoil_model

Agent-Based Models
agent_based_model   (See: Agent-based model.)
reynolds_flocking_model
schelling_segregation_model   Schelling segregation model

Atmosphere and Radiation Models
boussinesq_approximation   (not in CF, but see for_*)
brutsaert_saturated_vapor_pressure_model
clear_sky                  (23 in CF)
deep_snow                  (1 in CF)
horizontal_plane_topography        (for clear-sky radiation calculation, not in CF)
   (OR zero_slope_terrain, OR no_sloped_terrain OR nonsloped_terrain  ???
rigid_lid               (in CF; always related to boussinesq approximation ??)
satterlund_saturated_vapor_pressure_model
sea_level_for_geoid     (4 in CF)
standard_pressure      (not in CF)
standard_temperature  (not in CF)

Chemistry Models
atomic_shell_model
bohr_model
nuclear_shell_model  (See: nuclear shell model.)
rutherford_model
valence_bond_model
vespr_model  (See: VESPR theory.)

Cosmological Models
baum_frampton_model  (a cyclic model)
big_bang_model  (See: Big bang).
big_bounce_model
big_crunch_model
conformal_cyclic_model
cyclic_model
dark_energy_model   (and dark_mass_model ?)
lambda_cdm_model   (standard model of Big Bang cosmology)
steinhardt_turok_model  (a cyclic model)

Earthquake Models
rough_fault_model
slider_block_model
spring_block_seismic_model
travelling_wave_model      (include the word "earthquake"?  ####)

Ecological Models
exponential_growth_model
food_web_model      Food web
kolmogorov_predator_prey_model
logistic_growth_model
lotka_volterra_model    Lotka-Volterra
natural_selection_model    Natural selection
population_growth_model
richards_growth_model
trophic_cascade_model   Trophic cascade

Fluid Dynamics Models
albertson_2d_turbulent_jet_model
batchelor_vortex_model
burgers_vortex_model
couette_flow_model
free_surface_vortex_model
free_vortex_model  (irrotational, velocity proportional to 1/r)
goertler_2d_turbulent_jet_model
hill_spherical_vortex_model
horseshoe_vortex_model
lamb_chaplygin_dipole_vortex_model
lamb_oseen_vortex_model
peckham_2d_turbulent_jet_model
poiseuille_flow_model
rankine_vortex_model
rigid_body_vortex_model  (velocity proportional to r)
taylor_couette_flow_model
taylor_dean_flow_model
taylor_green_vortex_model
tollmien_2d_turbulent_jet_model
trailing_vortex_model  (or wing_tip_vortex_model)
turbulent_jet_model
vortex_ring_model

General Physics Models
double_pendulum_model   (See: Double pendulum.)
foucault_pendulum_model  (See: Foucault Pendulum.)
harmonic_oscillator_model
quantum_harmonic_oscillator_model
simple_pendulum_model    (harmonic oscillator ?  gravity pendulum?)
standard_particle_physics_model
vibrating_string_model

Geodynamics Models

Hydrology:  Channelized Flow Models
d8_surface_flow_model
diffusive_wave_model    ####
d_infinity_surface_flow_model    ####
dynamic_wave_model 
hydraulic_geometry_at_a_station_model
hydraulic_geometry_downstream_model   ####  (Leopold et al.)
kinematic_wave_model
law_of_the_wall_flow_resistance_model  ##### ???
manning_flow_resistance_model   ##### ???
mass_flux_flow_model
muskingum_flow_routing_model      (routing flow through a channel network)
rational_regime_model

Hydrology:  Evaporation (and sometimes Transpiration) Process Models
  (See: Methods for estimating ET.)
asce_standardized_evaporation_model    (in CUAHSI HIS HydroModeler)
blaney_criddle_evaporation_model
debruin_evaporation_model      (lakes and ponds)
energy_balance_evaporation_model
hargreaves_evaporation_model                (remove the "s" in hargreaves ??)
jensen_haise_evaporation_model
kohler_nordenson_fox_evaporation_model     (lakes and reservoirs)
kohler_parmele_evaporation_model
penman_evaporation_model
penman_monteith_evaporation_model
priestley_taylor_evaporation_model
shuttleworth_evaporation_model     (a modified penman model)
stewart_rouse_evaporation_model   (lakes and ponds)
thornthwaite_water_balance_model    ########

Hydrology:  Ground Water and Infiltration Modeling Assumptions
(also see dupuit_forschheimer in Modeling Methods.)
brooks_corey_soil_model ? ####
confined_aquifer ####
dupuit_assumption
homogeneous_medium  (separate from isotropic ??)
horizontal_flowlines  (and vertical equipotential lines)
hydraulic_gradient_equals_free_surface_gradient
hydraulic_gradient_equals_land_surface_gradient
hydraulic_gradient_invariant_with_depth
hydrostatic_pressure_head
impermeable_horizontal_base  (or impermeable_boundary_at_base)
impermeable_lower_boundary   (or impermeable_base)
isotropic_medium
steady_state_recharge ???
transitional_brooks_corey_soil_model ? ####
unconfined_aquifer  ####
van_genuchten_soil_model ? ####

Hydrology:  Infiltration Process Models
beven_infiltration_model          (assumes Ks decays exponentially)
green_ampt_infiltration_model
horton_infiltration_model
infiltrated_depth_approximation  (not in CF)  (Used by Green-Ampt and Smith-Parlange)
     (or infiltrability_depth_approximation)
philip_infiltration_model
richards_1d_infiltration_model
richards_3d_infiltration_model
scs_curve_number_infiltration_model     (remove "curve number"?)
smith_parlange_infiltration_model

Hydrology:  Snowmelt Models
degree_day_snowmelt_model
energy_balance_snowmelt_model

Hydrology:  Soil Models
brooks_corey_soil_model
darcy_soil_model  ?###### See Equations, Laws, Etc.
transitional_brooks_corey_soil_model
van_genuchten_soil_model

Hydrology:  Surface Water Modeling Assumptions
bankfull_flow  (or maximum inbank flow)
channel_width_less_than_model_cell_width
convergent_topography
convergent_or_divergent_topography  ###### ?
d8_flow_between_cells
d_infinity_flow_between_cells
diffusive_wave
dynamic_wave
hydrologically_sound   (applied to a DEM)
impermeable_surface ???
inbank_flow   (an accepted term;  contrast with overbank and bankfull flow)
kinematic_wave   (hydraulic_slope_equals_channel_slope)
law_of_the_wall (also listed with equations)
liquid_water_equivalent   (used to clarify a quantity like precipitation_rate)
manning_equation  (also listed with equations)
mass_flux_method_flow_between_cells
overbank_flow
overland_flow
prismatic_channels
sheet_flow
spatially_uniform_rainfall
#### instantaneous_unit_hydrograph idea ???

Illumination and Shading Models
See: List of common shading algorithms.
blinn_phong_illumination_model
cook_torrance_illumination_model
flat_shading_model
gouraud_shading_model
lambert_illumination_model           (lambert vs. lambertian)
minnaert_illumination_model
oren_nayer_illumination_model
phong_illumination_model
phong_shading_model
ward_anisotropic_illumination_model

Infiltration Models (Ventilation Models)
lbl_infiltration_model
sherman_grimsrud_infiltration_model

Nonlinear Science Models
aperiodic_tiling_model  (See: Aperiodic tiling.)
bond_percolation_model  (what type of lattice ??)
cellular_automata_model
diffusion_limited_aggregation_model
dimer_model   (and "double_dimer_model"  ?)
ehrenfest_urn_model
fisher_droplet_model
interacting_particle_system_model
ising_model
lattice_gas_model    (includes: lattice_gas_automata_model and lattice_boltzmann_model.  See: Lattice gas automaton.)
logistic_map_model
penrose_tiling_model
potts_model     (See: Potts model.)
sandpile_model   (Per Bak, self-organized criticality)
self_similar_tree_model
site_percolation_model   (what type of lattice ??)
voter_model

Ocean Models
deep_water_wave
edge_wave
fully_developed_sea
kelvin_wave  (coastal or equatorial)
passive_scalar    (e.g. temperature and salinity, perhaps suspended sediment)
### per_unit_length_of_wave_crest
rossby_wave
shallow_water_wave
shore_parallel_contours   (not in CF)
stokes_wave

Sediment Transport Models
bagnold_sediment_transport_model   (distinguish total load and bedload ####)
detachment_limited_sediment_transport
einstein_sediment_transport_model
komar_longshore_sediment_transport_model    ####
meier_peter_mueller_sediment_transport_model
supply_limited_sediment_transport

Thermodynamics Models
black_body_model   (See: Black body.)
carnot_heat_engine_model  (See: Carnot heat engine).
gray_body_model
white_body_model

Turbulence and Turbulence Closure Models
See: Turbulence modeling.
detached_eddy_simulation_model (DES)
direct_numerical_simulation_model  (DNS)  (Navier-Stokes solved without a turbulence model)
eddy_viscosity_model    (due to Boussinesq, 1887)
k_epsilon_model    (due to Jones and Launder) 
k_omega_model    (due to Kolmogorov ??)
kolmogorov_statistical_turbulence_model
large_eddy_simulation_model  (LES)   ?? #####
menter_shear_stress_transport_model
prandtl_mixing_length_model  (due to Prandtl)
reynolds_averaged_navier_stokes_model   (or reynolds_shear_stress_model)
smagorinsky_model   (due to Smagorinsky, 1964;  for sub-grid scale eddy viscosity)
spalart_allmaras_model

Water Wave Models
airy_wave_model      Airy waves
capillary_wave_model    (type of wave vs. model for waves?)
cnoidal_wave_model     Cnoidal waves
kelvin_wave_model    [8]
korteweg_devries_solitary_wave_model
russell_solitary_wave_model
solitary_wave_model
stokes_wave_model
tsunami_wave_model

Models Not Yet Grouped
general_relativity_model
hagen_poiseuille      (pressure drop in a pipe; laminar, viscous, incompressible)
harmonic_function   (solution to Laplace equation)
hydraulic_jump
inclined_plane
power_law              ####
special_relativity_model
unnamed_empirical_law         ####
VSEPR                 (to compute molecular geometry)
boussinesq_buoyancy_approximation
dispersion_relation   (could be linear)
kramers_kronig_relations

Thermodynamic Process Assumptions

• These names all end in "_process". See: Wikipedia: Thermodynamic process and links therein.

adiabatic_process (See: Adiabatic).
cyclic_process
diabatic_process
endoreversible_process
endothermic_process    (better as adjective? absorbs energy)
exothermic_process     (better as adjective? releases energy)
irreversible_process
isentropic_process  (also called "reversible" ?; See: Isentropic).
isenthalpic_process  (also called "isoenthalpic"; See: Isenthalpic).
isobaric_process
isocaloric_process
isochoric_process
isothermal_process
polytropic_process
quasistatic_process  (reversible implies quasistatic, but not conversely)
reversible_process
thermal_equilibrium  ####  (See "black_body_model".) (See: Thermal equilibrium).

Stochastic Model Assumptions

• Many of these end with the word "_process", which is part of the standard terminology. Many others end with "_distribution".

• See Wikipedia: Stochastic process and List of Stochastic Process Topics.

autoregressive
bernoulli_process
bessel_process
birth_death_process
blue_noise_process
branching_process
brownian_bridge_process
brownian_motion_process
buffon_needle_process
cauchy_process
chinese_restaurant_process
colored_noise_process
compound_poisson_process
contact_process
continuous_process
continuous_time_process
counting_process
coverage_process
cox_point_process
diffusion_process
dirichlet_process
discrete_process
discrete_time_process
ergodic_process
feller_process
fractional_brownian_motion_process
galton_watson_process
gaussian_white_noise_process
geometric_brownian_motion_process
grey_noise_process
homogeneous
hunt_process
independent_increments
#### independent_and_identically_distributed  (use both)
infinitely_divisible_process
inhomogeneous_poisson_process
ito_diffusion_process
jump_diffusion_process
jump_process
levy_process
linear_least_squares_regression
local_time_process
markov_process
martingale_process
mckean_vlasov_process
moran_process
moving_average
negative (process?)
nonlinear_least_squares_regression
nonnegative  (process?)
nonstationary_process
ornstein_uhlenbeck_process
pink_noise_process
point_process
poisson_event_process
poisson_line_process
poisson_point_process
poisson_polygon_process
poisson_process
polya_tree_process
positive  (process?)
power_law_noise_process
pure_jump_process
random_multiplicative_cascade_process   (is there "additive", too?)
random_tree_process
random_walk_process  (symmetric or unsymmetric)
red_noise_process
renewal_process   (generalization of Poisson point process)
risk_process
schramm_loewner_evolution_process  (See: SLE process).
second_order_stationary_process
self_avoiding_random_walk_process
semi_markov_process
shot_noise_process  (e.g. raindrops on a roof)
stable_process
stationary_process
storage_process
telegraph_process
uncorrelated
violet_noise_process
weak_stationarity_of_order_k
white_noise_process
wiener_process

Probability Distributions

• Many of these end with the word "_distribution",
• Also see: List of probability distributions (Wikipedia).
• Most of these are named distributions, but some are a type of distribution (e.g. discrete distribution).

arcsine_distribution  (See: Arcsine distribution.)
bates_distribution  (See: Bates distribution.)
benford_distribution  (See: Benford's law.)
bernoulli_distribution   (See: Bernoulli distribution.)
beta_distribution   (See: Beta distribution.)
beta-binomial_distribution   (See: Beta-binomial distribution.)
beta-prime_distribution  (See: Beta prime distribution.)
bimodal_distribution  (See:  Multimodal distribution.)
binomial_distribution  (See: Binomial distribution.)
boltzmann_distribution  (See: Boltzmann distribution.)
borel_distribution  (See: Borel distribution.)
borel-tanner_distribution
burr_distribution (See: Burr distribution.)
cauchy_distribution  (See: Cauchy distribution.)
champernowne_distribution  (See: Champernowne distribution.)
chi-squared_distribution
continuous_distribution
continuous_uniform_distribution   (See: Uniform distribution (continuous).)
dagum_distribution  (See: Dagum distribution.)
dirichlet_distribution (See: Dirichlet distribution.)
dirichlet-multinomial_distribution   (See: Dirichlet-multinomial distribution.)
discrete_distribution
discrete_uniform_distribution  (See: Uniform distribution (discrete).)
elliptical_distribution   (See: Elliptical distribution.)
erlang_distribution  (See: Erlang distribution.)
exponential_distribution  (See: Exponential distribution.)
first-contact_distribution  (See: Spherical contact distribution.)
frechet_distribution   (See: Frechet distribution.)
gamma_distribution   (See: Gamma distribution.)
gaussian_distribution  (See: Normal distribution.)
generalized_extreme_value_distribution   (See: GEV distribution.)
generalized_pareto_distribution
geometric_distribution   (See: Geometric distribution.)
geometric-stable_distribution  (See: Geometric stable distribution.)
gompertz_distribution   (See: Gompertz function.)
gumbel_distribution   (See: Gumbel distribution.)
half-normal_distribution  (See: Half-normal distribution.)
hitting-time_distribution  (See: Hitting time.)
holtsmark_distribution  (See: Holtsmark distribution.)
hyperbolic_distribution  (See: Hyperbolic distribution.)
hyperbolic-secant_distribution  (See: Hyperbolic secant distribution.)
hypergeometric_distribution   (See: Hypergeometric distribution.)
identically_distributed  ####
independently_distributed  #####
inverse-gamma_distribution   (See: Inverse-gamma distribution.)
inverse-gaussian_distribution  (See: Inverse Gaussian distribution.)
irwin-hall_distribution  (See: Irwin-Hall distribution.)
joint-probability_distribution   (See: Joint probability distribution.)
kent_distribution   (See: Kent distribution.)
landau_distribution  (See: Landau distribution.)
laplace_distribution  (See: Laplace distribution.)
levy_distribution  (See: Levy distribution.)
log-cauchy_distribution  (See: Log-Cauchy distribution.)
log-logistic_distribution  (See: Log-logistic distribution.)
log-normal_distribution  (See: Log-normal distribution.)
log-poisson_distribution
log-symmetric_distribution
logarithmic_distribution   (See: Logarithmic distribution.)
logistic_distribution  (See: Logistic distribution.)
logit-normal_distribution  (See: Logit-normal distribution.)
lomax_distribution (See: Lomax distribution.)
maximum_entropy_probability_distribution  (See: Max entropy pdf.)
maxwell-boltzmann_distribution   (See: Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution.)
mixture_distribution  (See: Mixture distribution.)
multimodal_distribution  (See:  Multimodal distribution.)
multinomial_distribution  (See: Multinomial distribution.)
nakagami_distribution  (See: Nakagami distribution.)
negative-binomial_distribution   (See: Negative binomial distribution.)
parabolic-fractal_distribution   (See: Parabolic fractal distribution.)
pareto_distribution  (See: Pareto distribution.)
pascal_distribution  (special case of negative binomial.)
pearson_distribution  (See: Pearson distribution.)
poisson_distribution  (See: Poisson distribution.)
poisson-binomial_distribution  (See: Poisson binomial distribution.)
polya_distribution  (special case of negative binomial)
rademacher_distribution  (See: Rademacher distribution.)
rayleigh_distribution   (See: Rayleigh distribution.)
rayleigh-mixture_distribution  (See: Rayleigh mixture distribution.)
reciprocal_distribution  (See: Reciprocal distribution.)
rice_distribution   (See: Rice distribution.)
skellam_distribution   (See: Skellam distribution.)
skew-normal_distribution  (See: Skew normal distribution.)
slash_distribution  (See: Slash distribution.)
stable_distribution  (See: Stable distribution.)
student-t_distribution   (See: Student's t-distribution.)
symmetric_distribution  (See: Symmetric distribution.)
tracy-widom_distribution  (See: Tracy-Widom distribution.)
triangular_distribution  (See: Triangular distribution.)
truncated_distribution  (See: Truncated distribution.)
tukey-lambda_distribution   (See: Tukey lambda distribution.)
u-quadratic_distribution  (See: U-quadratic distribution.)
unimodal_distribution
voigt_distribution  (See: Voigt profile.)
von-mises_distribution  (See: von Mises distribution.)
von-mises-fisher_distribution  (See: von Mises-Fisher distribution.)
weibull_distribution  (See: Weibull distribution.)
yule-simon_distribution  (See: Yule-Simon distribution.)
zeta_distribution  (See: Zeta distribution.)
zipf_distribution  (See: Zipf's law.)

Statistical Operation Assumptions

• Perhaps this should be generalized to something like "Data Transformation Assumptions"?
• These names currently all end with "averaged".
• For ones that start with a unit of time, one of those units is assumed. A number can be inserted in front, when necessary, as in "two_day_averaged".

cell_averaged
day_averaged
depth_averaged
domain_averaged
hour_averaged
interval_averaged
month_averaged
population_averaged
sample_averaged
section_averaged
time_averaged
vertically_averaged
watershed_averaged
year_averaged

Mathematical Assumptions

algebraic (equation)
bijection
bounded (set)
closed (set, curve)
compact (set)
complex-valued
conformal
constant_coefficients  (equation or polynomial)
continuous
continuum  (continuum_hypothesis ?)
contraction_mapping
countably_infinite
degenerate
differentiable
differentiable_twice
differentiable_three_times
differential (equation)
discontinuous
equal_mixed_partials
finite
fixed_point
ill-posed
infinite
injective
integer-valued
invertible
irrational
jordan_curve
linear
multiple_valued_function  ### (misnomer)
negative
nonlinear
nonnegative
orthogonal
permutation
positive
projection
rational
real-valued
spatially_uniform
superposition
symmetric
time_space_substitution
uncountably_infinite
uniform
weak_solution
well-posed

Numerical Grid Assumptions

• Most of these end with the word grid.
• The word "grid" is used to include the word "mesh".

adaptive_grid
arakawa_a_grid  (unstaggered)
arakawa_b_grid  (staggered)
arakawa_c_grid   (staggered)
arakawa_d_grid  (staggered, rotated 90 degrees)
arakawa_e_grid   (staggered, rotated 45 degrees)
arakawa_u_component   (attached to an input var)
arakawa_v_component   (attached to an input var)
arakawa_w_component  (attached to an input var)
block_structured_grid
boundary-fitted_grid   (also called "body-fitted")
delaunay_triangle_grid
hexagon_grid
orthogonal_curvilinear_grid
rectilinear_grid
square_grid
staggered_grid  (###### already in arakawa system ??)
structured_grid
triangle_grid
uniform_grid
unstructured_grid
voronoi_polygon_grid

Numerical Method Assumptions

• These are used to describe the numerical method that a model uses to solve the equations it uses to compute variables of interest. The equations could be ODEs, PDEs, algebraic equations (e.g. root finding), etc. We probably don't need separate assumption names like "ode" and "pde" because that is implied by the equation name. See Equations, Laws and Principles for a standardized list of equation names.
• Most of these names end with "_method", "_scheme" or "_grid".
• See: List of Runge-Kutta methods.
• See: Numerical methods for ODEs.
• See: Numerical methods for PDEs.

a-stable_method
absolutely-stable_method
adams-bashforth_method
adaptive_mesh_refinement_method   (See: Adaptive mesh refinement.)
adaptive_stepsize_method   (See: Adaptive stepsize.)
adjoint_state_method  (See: Adjoint state method.)
analytic_element_method  (See: Analytic element method).
backward_difference_scheme
backward_euler_method  (See: Backward Euler method.)
boundary_element_method  (See: Boundary element method.)
central_difference_scheme   (See: Central differencing scheme.)
characteristics_method          (known as "method of characteristics")
collocation_method   (See: Collocation method.)
conditionally_stable_method
conjugate_gradient_method   (See: Conjugate gradient method.)
consistent_method
convergent_method
crank-nicolson_method   (See: Crank-Nicolson method.)
direct_numerical_solution
discrete_element_method   (See: Discrete element method.)
discrete_event_simulation  (See: Discrete event simulation.)
dynamic_relaxation_method  (See: Dynamic relaxation.)
euler_method   (See: Euler method.)  (distinguish between "forward" and "backward" with a prefix?)
explicit_method  (See: Explicit and implicit methods.)
fast_marching_method    (See: Fast marching method, a type of level_set_method.)
finite_difference_method   (See: Finite difference method.)
finite_element_method   (See: Finite element method.)
finite_volume_method   (See: Finite volume method.)
first_order_accurate
five-point_stencil_method  (See: Five-point stencil.)
forward_difference_scheme
forward_time_centered_space_scheme   (FTCS scheme)
galerkin_method   (See: Galerkin method.)
gauss-legendre_method  (See: Gauss-Legendre method.)
gauss-seidel_method   (See: Gauss-Seidel method.)
halley_method   (See: Halley's method.)
heun_method  (See: Heun's method.)
implicit_method   (See: Explicit and implicit methods.)
interior_point_method  (See: Interior point method.)
iterative_method  (See: Iterative method.)
l-stable_method   (See: L-stability.)
landweber_iteration_method   (See: Landweber iteration.)
large_eddy_simulation
lattice_boltzmann_method   (See: Lattice Boltzmann methods.)
lax-friedrichs_method   (See: Lax-Friedrichs method.)
lax-wendroff_method   (See: Lax-Wendroff method.)
leapfrog_method
level_set_method  (See: Level set method.)
linear_multistep_method   (See: Linear multistep method.)
maccormack_method  (See: MacCormack method.)
meshfree_method   (See: Meshfree method.)
midpoint_method  (See: Midpoint method.)
multigrid_method   (See: Multigrid method.)
newton_raphson_method   (See: Newton's method; also see "halley_method".)
numerov_method  (See: Numerov's method.)
particle-in-cell_method   (See: Particle in cell.)
predictor-corrector_method  (See: Predictor-corrector method.)
rayleigh-ritz_method   (See: Rayleigh-Ritz method.)
relatively_stable_method
relaxation_method   (See: Relaxation (iterative method).)
runge_kutta_method   (See: Runge-Kutta methods.  There are several distinct types.)
second-order_accurate_method
shooting_method   (See: Shooting method.)
spectral_method   (See: Spectral method.)
split-step_method   (See: Split-step method.)
strongly_stable_method
successive_over_relaxation_method   (See: Successive over-relaxation.)
trapezoidal_rule_method  (See: Trapezoidal rule.)
unconditionally_stable_method
unstable_method
upwind_difference_scheme   (See: Upwind difference scheme.)
upwind_first-order_scheme  (See: Upwind scheme.)
upwind_second-order_scheme  (See: Upwind scheme.)
upwind_third-order_scheme  (See: Upwind scheme.)
verlet_integration_method  (See: Verlet integration.)

State of Matter Assumptions

• These can be provided when the model involves a substance (object) like water that could be in any of several possible states. See: States of matter.
• Note that "liquid_equivalent" can also be inserted in quantity names such as "liquid_equivalent_precipitation_rate" to create a single quantity that can accommodate multiple states of matter.

gas_phase
liquid_phase
plasma_phase
solid_phase

System State Assumptions

asymptotic_equilibrium
bistable
dynamic_equilibrium
equilibrium
ergodic
metastable   (See: Metastability).
stable
static_equilibrium
steady_state
unstable
unsteady_state

CF Convention Standard Name Assumptions

• CF Convention Standard Names often include additional information and assumptions in the name itself. The ones in this section were found in the list of CF Standard Names and the number of occurrences found is listed in parentheses. It is not yet clear how some of these should be captured with standard assumption names.

• Many of these are Location Assumptions.

above_geoid                  (3 in CF)
above_land_surface           (not in CF)
above_reference_datum        (1 in CF)
above_reference_ellipsoid    (5 in CF)
above_sea_floor              (1 in CF)
above_sea_floor_surface      (not in CF)
above_sea_level              (1 in CF)
above_threshold               (5 in CF)
 
at_***                        (51 in CF)
at_cloud_base                 (1 in CFFl
at_cloud_top                  (3 in CF)
at_equilibrium                (not in CF)
at_freezing_level             (1 in CF)
at_land_surface               (not in CF;  e.g. air pressure)
at_maximum_upward_derivative  (1 in CF)
at_saturation                 (4 in CF)
at_sea_floor                  (3 in CF)
at_sea_floor_surface          (not in CF;  e.g. water pressure)
at_sea_ice_base               (8 in CF)
at_sea_level                  (1 in CF)
at_top_of_***                 (3 in CF)
at_bottom_***                 (not in CF)
 
assuming_***            (33 in CF)
assuming_clear_sky        (24 in CF)
assuming_deep_snow     (1 in CF, for surface_albedo)
assuming_no_aerosol_or_cloud  (1 in CF)
assuming_no_snow                    (1 in CF, for surface_albedo)
assuming_no_tide                      (2 in CF)
assuming_sea_level_for_geoid   (4 in CF)

below_geoid         (1 in CF)
below_sea_level     (1 in CF)
below_sea_surface   (1 in CF)
below_surface       (1 in CF)
below_threshold     (3 in CF)
 
between_air_and_sea_water     (1 in CF)
between_sea_water_and_air     (2 in CF)
 
due_to_***                     (399 in CF)
due_to_all_land_processes      (2 in CF)
due_to_convective_cloud        (1 in CF)
due_to_diffusion               (18 in CF)
due_to_dry_convection          (1 in CF)
due_to_dry_deposition          (35 in CF)
due_to_dry_troposphere         (1 in CF)
due_to_dust_ambient_aerosol    (2 in CF)
due_to_emission_from_grazing   (in CF)
 
excluding_anthropogenic_land_use_change (in CF)
excluding_baseflow (in CF)
excluding_litter (in CF)
 
expressed_as_***       (140 in CF)
expressed_as_carbon    (67 in CF)
expressed_as_chlorine  (7 in CF)
expressed_as_nitrogen  (24 in CF)
 
for_***                       (13 in CF)
for_biomass_growth            (1 in CF)
for_biomass_maintenance       (1 in CF)
for_boussinesq_approximation  (1 in CF)
for_momentum (2 in CF;  both "for_momentum_in_air")
 
per_capita
per_unit_area          (already used in CF)
per_unit_length_of_wave_crest
per_unit_mass          (already used in CF, and synonym for "specific")
per_unit_time           ??
per_unit_width         (e.g. discharge_per_unit_width)
                       (see CF: sea_water_transport_across_line,
                        and "transport_across_unit_distance")