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Nigeria 2012 and 2022 Flood Depth Estimation using the Floodwater Depth Estimation Model (FwDETv2.0).
Dorcas Idowu,
Syracuse University Syracuse New York, United States. doidowu@syr.edu
Globally, the occurrence of extreme hydrologic events such as flooding is known to be the widespread aftermath of torrential rain and the impacts are adverse and devastating in built areas with proximity to water bodies. An example is the 2012 and 2022 flooding along the Niger and Benue rivers in Nigeria. While Nigeria experiences seasonal flooding during the rainy season, the decadal interval between these two catastrophic flood events and the similarities between the natural and anthropogenic conditions responsible for their occurrence prompted this study. Additionally, some hydrologic characteristics and attributes of these flood events are yet to be evaluated. Hence, for the 2012 and 2022 floods, we estimated and compared the floodwater depths at different sections of the Niger and Benue Rivers using the Floodwater Depth Estimation Tool (FwDETv2.0 and FwDETv2.1) implemented in Google Earth Engine, Jupyter Notebook, and ArcGIS Pro. Since this algorithm requires minimal input (flood inundation map and Digital Elevation Model) which favors data-sparse regions such as Nigeria, the potential for the FwDET tool to automatically quantify flood water depths, an important variable in flood intensity estimation was assessed. This model could be invaluable in flood management and mitigation studies along the rivers.
