Property:Extended data description
From CSDMS
This is a property of type Text.
N
Derived from the early to mid-1990s Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite data, the National Land Cover Data (NLCD) is a 21-class land cover classification scheme applied consistently over the United States. The spatial resolution of the data is 30 meters and mapped in the Albers Conic Equal Area projection, NAD 83. The NLCD are provided on a state-by-state basis. The state data sets were cut out from larger "regional" data sets that are mosaics of Landsat TM scenes. At this time, all of the NLCD state files are available for free download as 8-bit binary files and some states are also available on CD-ROM as a Geo-TIFF. +
E
E-OBS is a daily gridded observational dataset for precipitation and temperature in Europe based on ECA&D information. The full dataset covers the period 1950-2009. It has originally been developed as part of the ENSEMBLES project (EU-FP6) and is now maintained and elaborated as part of the EURO4M project (EU-FP7). +
ERA5 is a reanalysis which embodies a detailed record of the global atmosphere, land surface and ocean waves from 1950 onwards. This new reanalysis replaces the ERA-Interim reanalysis (spanning 1979 onwards) which was started in 2006. ERA5 is based on the Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) Cy41r2 which was operational in 2016. +
ETOPO1 is a 1 arc-minute global relief model of Earth's surface that integrates land topography and ocean bathymetry. It was built from numerous global and regional data sets, and is available in "Ice Surface" (top of Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets) and "Bedrock" (base of the ice sheets) versions. +
N
Field and laboratory data related to Earth-surface Dynamics. Topics include channel morphology, dam removal, debris flows, stratigraphy, stream restoration, subsurface architecture, and more. Locations include the Angelo Coast Reserve, the Eel River, St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, and the Richmond Field Station. +
G
GLOBALSOD represents a collection of daily data from over 10000 weather stations located around the world. The data is available here as a dataset, including an interactive data viewer and downloadable data files.
The following information describes the global surface summary of day data built monthly by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) in Asheville, NC. The hourly data used in building these daily summaries are obtained from the Air Weather Service (AWS) Global Climatology Division, located in the Federal Climate Complex with NCDC. The latest month of the daily summary data is placed on line by NCDC for easy access and download by outside users, and is normally available about 1 month after the end of the data month. Over 8000 stations' data are typically included each month. They are accessible through our mosaic/www server (http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/) or through direct ftp connection. Other periods of the summary of day data (up to 20 years or more) can be obtained off-line from NCDC. The daily elements included in the dataset (as available from each station; not all stations have all the different variables at all times) are:
* Mean temperature (.1 Fahrenheit)
* Mean dew point (.1 Fahrenheit)
* Mean sea level pressure (.1 mb)
* Mean station pressure (.1 mb)
* Mean visibility (.1 miles)
* Mean wind speed (.1 knots)
* Maximum sustained wind speed (.1 knots)
* Maximum wind gust (.1 knots)
* Maximum temperature (.1 Fahrenheit)
* Minimum temperature (.1 Fahrenheit)
* Precipitation amount (.01 inches)
* Snow depth (.1 inches)
* Indicator for occurrence of:
** Fog
** Rain
** Snow
** Hail
** Thunder
** Tornado/Funnel Cloud +
GLOBE is a project to develop the best available 30-arc-second (nominally 1 kilometer) global digital elevation data set. This version of GLOBE contains data from 11 sources, and 17 combinations of source and lineage. It continues much in the tradition of the National Geophysical Data Center's TerrainBase (FGDC 1090), as TerrainBase served as a generally lower-resolution prototype of GLOBE data management and compilation techniques. The GLOBE mosaic has been compiled onto CD-ROMs for the international user community. It is also available from the World Wide Web (linked from the online linkage noted above and anonymous ftp. Improvements to the global model are anticipated, as appropriate data and/or methods are made available. In addition, individual contributions to GLOBE (several areas have more than one candidate) should become available at the same website. GLOBE may be used for technology development, such as helping plan infrastructure for cellular communications networks, other public works, satellite data processing, and environmental monitoring and analysis. GLOBE prototypes (and probably GLOBE itself after its release) have been used to help develop terrain avoidance systems for aircraft. In all cases, GLOBE data should be treated as any potentially useful but guaranteed imperfect data set. Mission- or life-critical applications should consider the documented artifacts, as well as likely undocumented imperfections, in the data. +
GTOPO30 is a global digital elevation model (DEM) with a horizontal grid spacing of 30 arc seconds (approximately 1 kilometer). GTOPO30 was derived from several raster and vector sources of topographic information. +
General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO). The GEBCO_08 Grid is a continuous terrain model (latest version - Sept 2011) for ocean and land with a spatial resolution of 30 arc-seconds. The bathymetry data were produced by combining the published Smith and Sandwell global topographic grid between latitudes 80°N and 81°S (version 11.1, September, 2008) with a database of over 290 million bathymetric soundings.
For the area north of Antarctica, the land data are based on the 1-km averages of topography derived from version 2.0 of the US Geological Survey SRTM30 gridded digital elevation model data product created with data from the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Shuttle Radar Topography Mission and, for high latitudes were SRTM data are not available, the US Geological Survey GTOPO30 data set.
For the area around Antarctica, the land data are taken from the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) instrument on the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) laser altimetry digital elevation model.
The complete data sets give global coverage and each file consists of 21,600 rows x 43,200 columns, resulting in 9,331,200,000 data points. The data start at the Northwest corner of the files, i.e. for the global files, position 89° 59‟ 45‟‟N, 179° 59‟ 45‟‟W and are arranged in latitudinal bands of 360 degrees x 120 points/degree = 43,200 values. The data range eastward from 179° 59‟ 45‟‟W to 179° 59‟ 45‟‟E. Thus, the first band contains 43,200 values for 89° 59‟ 45‟‟N, then followed by a band of 43,200 values at 89°59‟ 15‟‟N and so on at 30 arc-second latitude intervals down to 89° 59‟ 45‟‟S. +
GlobCover is an ESA initiative which began in 2005 in partnership with JRC, EEA, FAO, UNEP, GOFC-GOLD and IGBP. The aim of the project was to develop a service capable of delivering global composites and land cover maps using as input observations from the 300m MERIS sensor on board the ENVISAT satellite mission. ESA makes available the land cover maps, which cover 2 periods: December 2004 - June 2006 and January - December 2009. +
Global ocean bathymetry estimated from sea-surface satellite altimetry (Geosat and ERS-1) measurements and constrained by ship depth measurements. +
Gridded Population of the World, version 3 (GPWv3) is the latest developments in the rendering of human populations in a common geo-referenced framework, produced by the Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) of the Earth Institute at Columbia University.
GPWv3 depicts the distribution of human population across the globe. It is the most detailed version of GPW to date with more than three times the amount of data as version 2, and includes population estimates to 2015.
Developed between 2003 and 2005, GPWv3 provides globally consistent and spatially explicit human population information and data for use in research, policy making, and communications.
GPWv3 incorporates a number of improvements to the two prior iterations of GPW. Input administrative data have been improved for nearly all of the 232 countries included in the dataset. (The number of administrative units has increased three-fold since GPWv2 and twenty-fold since GPWv1.) Additionally, the input data years have been updated for over two-thirds of the countries. The population data estimates, previously only available for 1990 and 1995, are also now provided for the period 1990–2015, by quinquennial years. The population estimates for 2005, 2010, and 2015 were produced in collaboration with the United Nations Food and Agriculture Programme (FAO) as GPW: Future Estimates. Finally, the map collection has been vastly expanded to include population density, and sub-national administrative boundary maps at country, continental, and global levels. +
H
HYDRO1k is a geographic database developed to provide comprehensive and consistent global coverage of topographically derived data sets, including streams, drainage basins and ancillary layers derived from the USGS' 30 arc-second digital elevation model of the world (GTOPO30). HYDRO1k provides a suite of geo-referenced data sets, both raster and vector, which will be of value for all users who need to organize, evaluate, or process hydrologic information on a continental scale.
Developed at the U.S. Geological Survey's Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS), the HYDRO1k project's goal is to provide to users, on a continent by continent basis, hydrologically correct DEMs along with ancillary data sets for use in continental and regional scale modeling and analyses. +
HydroSHEDS is a mapping product that provides hydrographic information for regional and global-scale applications in a consistent format. It offers a suite of geo-referenced data sets (vector and raster) at various scales, including river networks, watershed boundaries, drainage directions, and flow accumulations. HydroSHEDS is based on high-resolution elevation data obtained during a Space Shuttle flight for NASA's Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM).
The goal of developing HydroSHEDS was to generate key data layers to support regional and global watershed analyses, hydrological modeling, and freshwater conservation planning at a quality, resolution and extent that had previously been unachievable. Available resolutions range from 3 arc-second (approx. 90 meters at the equator) to 5 minute (approx. 10 km at the equator) with seamless near-global extent. +
I
International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO). The goal of this initiative is to develop a digital data base that contains all available bathymetric data north of 64 degrees North, for use by mapmakers, researchers, and others whose work requires a detailed and accurate knowledge of the depth and the shape of the Arctic seabed.
IBCAO Version 3.0 represents the largest improvement since 1999 taking advantage of new data sets collected by the circum-Arctic nations, opportunistic data collected from fishing vessels, data acquired from US Navy submarines and from research ships of various nations. Built using an improved gridding algorithm, this new grid is on a 500 meter spacing, revealing much greater details of the Arctic seafloor than IBCAO Version 1.0 (2.5 km) and Version 2.0 (2.0 km). The area covered by multibeam surveys has increased from ~6 % in Version 2.0 to ~11% in Version 3.0. +
G
Latest version (5.0)
The latest version of the "Global Map of Irrigation Areas" is version 5, which can be downloaded from this page. The documentation of the map includes an explanation of the methodology, information per country, an assessment of the map quality, and references to the background and history of the irrigation mapping project.
The map shows the amount of area equipped for irrigation around the year 2005 in percentage of the total area on a raster with a resolution of 5 minutes. Additional map layers show the percentage of the area equipped for irrigation that was actually used for irrigation and the percentages of the area equipped for irrigation that was irrigated with groundwater, surface water or non-conventional sources of water. An explanation of the different terminology to indicate areas under irrigation is given in this glossary. Please note that information for the additional layers on area actually irrigated or on the water source for irrigation was derived from statistical survey data (e.g. census reports). Therefore all grid cells belonging to the same statistical unit will have the same value. Consequently, the accuracy at pixel level will be very limited, depending on the size of the statistical unit.
Users are requested to refer to the map as follows: "Stefan Siebert, Verena Henrich, Karen Frenken and Jacob Burke (2013). Global Map of Irrigation Areas version 5. Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany / Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy". +
M
Layers (NetCDF) of monthly and yearly average suspended sediment flux in global rivers, predicted by the WBMsed model. +
G
Lithology describes the geochemical, mineralogical, and physical properties of rocks. It plays a key role in many processes at the Earth surface, especially the fluxes of matter to soils, ecosystems, rivers, and oceans. The Lithological map of the World is based on the Global Lithological Map database v1.1 (GLiM, Hartmann and Moosdorf, 2012). GLiM represents the rock types of the emerged surface of the Earth using 1,235,400 polygons assembled from 92 regional geological maps, translated into lithological units using additional literature. According to the GLiM, the total surface of continents and islands is covered by 64 % sediments (a third of which is carbonates), 13% metamorphics, 7% plutonics, and 6% volcanics, and 10% are covered by water or ice. The high resolution of the GLiM allows observation of regional lithological distributions which often vary from the global average. The GLiM enables regional analysis of Earth surface processes at global scales. A coarse gridded version of the GLiM is available at the PANGEA Database (http://dx.doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.788537), the original GIS data are downloadable using this link (https://www.dropbox.com/s/9vuowtebp9f1iud/LiMW_GIS%202015.gdb.zip?dl=0). +
P
Multiple general circulation models were run for paleoclimate simulations at 21, 6, and 0 (pre-inudstrial) ka. +
N
NARWidth is composed of planform morphometric measurements of North American rivers at approximately mean discharge. It was created using image processing algorithms on Landsat TM and ETM+ imagery. NARWidth is intended to be used in a wide variety of scientific and engineering applications including hydrologic, hydraulic, and biogeochemical models. +
