Presenters-0547

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CSDMS 2021: Changing Landscapes and Seascapes: Modeling for Discovery, Decision Making, and Communication


Modeling transient Ecosystem Response to Climate Variability since Late Pleistocene using Landlab



Sai Nudurupati

RMA Inc., United States
saisiddu@gmail.com


Abstract
Ecosystems are in transition globally with critical societal consequences. Global warming, growing climatic extremes, land degradation, human-introduced herbivores, and climate-related disturbances (e.g., wildfires) drive rapid changes in ecosystem productivity and structure, with complex feedbacks in watershed hydrology, geomorphology, and biogeochemistry. We developed ecohydrologic components in Landlab that can be coupled to create models to simulate local soil moisture dynamics and plant dynamics with spatially explicit cellular automaton plant establishment, mortality, fires, and grazing. In this talk, I will present an ecohydrologic model developed in Landlab to explore the interplay between ecosystem state, change in climate, resultant grass connectivity, fire frequency, and topography. A transition from cool-wet climate to a warm-dry climate leads to shrub expansion due to drought-induced loss of grass connectivity. Shrubs dominate the ecosystem if dry conditions persist longer. Transition back to a tree or grass dominated ecosystem from shrub dominated ecosystem can only happen when climate shifts from dry to wet. The importance of length of dry or wet spells on ecosystem structure is highlighted. Aspect plays a critical role in providing topographical refugia for trees during dry periods and influences the rate of ecosystem transitions during climate change.




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Of interest for:
  • Terrestrial Working Group
  • Hydrology Focus Research Group
  • Ecosystem Dynamics Focus Research Group