Model help:HydroTrend

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HydroTrend

Climate driven hydrological transport model

Model introduction

HydroTrend is an ANSI-standard C numerical model that creates synthetic river discharge and sediment load time series as a function of climate trends and basin morphology and has been used to study the sediment flux to a basin for basin filling models. As a drainage basin simulator, the model provides time series of daily discharge hydraulics at a river mouth, including the sediment load properties. HydroTrend was designed to provide input to lake or shelf circulation and sedimentation models (Steckler et al., 1996; Syvitski and Alcott, 1995b), and study the impact of land-sea fluxes given climatic change scenarios (Moore, 1992; Syvitski and Andrews, 1994). HydroTrend simulates the major processes that occur in a river basin, including:

  • Glacierized areas with advances and retreats depending on the climate scenario,
  • Snow accumulation in the winter and melt in the subsequent spring/summer,
  • Rainfall over the remaining portions of the basin with canopy evaporation,
  • Groundwater recharging and discharging,
  • The impact of reservoirs.

Model parameters

Parameter Description Unit
Input directory [-]
Site prefix [-]
Case prefix [-]
Parameter Description Unit
Run duration [years]
Parameter Description Unit
Starting mean annual temperature [°C]
Change in mean annual temperature [°C/year]
Standard deviation of mean annual temperature [°C]
Parameter Description Unit
Starting mean annual precipitation [m/year]
change in mean annual precipitation [m/year/year]
Standard deviation of mean annual precipitation [m/year]
Parameter Description Unit
Lithology factor [-]
Anthropogenic facor [-]
Lapse rate [°C/km]
Starting ELA [m]
Change in ELA m/year]
Dry precipitation (nival and ice) evaporation fraction [-]
River length [km]
Mean volume of reservoir [km3]
Drainage area of reservoir [km2]
Parameter Description Unit
k River mouth velocity coefficient [m/s]
m River mouth velocity exponent [-]
a River mouth width coefficient [m]
b River mouth width exponent [-]
Average river mouth velocity [m/s]
Constant annual base flow [m3/s]
Trapping efficiency [-]
Delta gradient [m/m]
Parameter Description Unit
Maximum groundwater storage [m3]
Minimum groundwater storage [m3]
Initial groundwater storage m[3]
Groundwater coefficient [m3]
Groundwater exponent [-]
Saturated hydraulic conductivity [mm/day]
Parameter Description Unit
Output directory [-]
Interval between output files [-]
Mean Velocity file [-]
Mean Width file [-]
Mean Depth file [-]
Mean Water Discharge file [-]
Mean Sediment Discharge file [-]
Mean Bedload Flux file [-]

Uses ports

This will be something that the CSDMS facility will add

Provides ports

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Main equations

Q = Qr + Qn + Qice - QEv ± Qg = Water discharge at the river mouth [m3/s] (1)
Qs = B Q-0.31 A0.5 R T for T ≥ 2 °C = Long-term suspended sediment load at the river mouth [kg/s] (2a) or
Qs = B Q-0.31 A0.5 R for T < 2 °C = Long-term suspended sediment load at the river mouth [kg/s] (2b)
B = L (1 - TE) Eh (3)
(Qs[i] / Qs) = ψ[i] (Q[i] / Q)Ca = Daily suspended sediment load [kg/s] (4)
Qb[i] = (ρs / ρs - ρ) * (ρ g Q[i]β S eb) / (g tan λ) when u ≥ ucr = Daily bedload [kg/s] (5)


Nomenclature

Symbol Description Unit
Q Long-term water discharge [m3/s]
Qr Water discharge generated by rainfall [m3/s]
Qn Water discharge generated by nival melt [m3/s]
Qice Water discharge generated by glacier melt [m3/s]
QEv Water discharge loss by evapo-transpiration processes [m3/s]
Qg Water discharge loss or generated by ground water [m3/s]
Qs Long-term suspended sediment load (30yrs or longer) [kg/s]
A Drainage basin area [km2]
R Drainage basin relief [km]
T Drainage basin temporal and spatial mean temperature [°C]
L Lithology factor [-]
TE Trapping efficiency of reservoirs / lakes [-]
Eh Anthropogenic factor [-]
Qs[i] Daily suspended sediment load [kg/s]
Ψ[i] Daily random variable with a log-normal distribution [-]
Q[i] Daily water discharge [m3/s]
Ca Annual rating term coefficient with a normal distrbution [-]
Qb[i] Daily bedload [kg/s]
ρs Sand density [kg/m3]
ρ Fluid density [kg/m3]
g Acceleration due to gravity [m/s2]
β Bedload rating term [-]
S Slope of the riverbed [m/m]
eb Bedload efficiency [-]
λ Limiting angle of response of sediment grains lying on the river bed [-]
u Stream velocity [m/s]
ucr Critical stream velocity [m/s]

Notes

Any notes, comments, you want to share with the user

Numerical scheme


Examples

An example run with input parameters, BLD files, as well as a figure / movie of the output

Follow the next steps to include images / movies of simulations:

See also: Help:Images or Help:Movies

Developer(s)

Albert Kettner

References

  • Kettner, A.J., and Syvitski, J.P.M., 2008. HydroTrend version 3.0: a Climate-Driven Hydrological Transport Model that Simulates Discharge and Sediment Load leaving a River System. Computers & Geosciences, 34(10), 1170-1183, doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2008.02.008.
  • Syvitski, J.P.M., Morehead, M.D. and Nicholson, M., 1998. HYDROTREND: A Climate-driven Hydrologic-Transport Model for Predicting Discharge and Sediment Loads to Lakes or Oceans. Computers & Geosciences, 24(1), 51-68, doi:10.1016/S0098-3004(97)00083-6.
  • Syvitski, J.P.M., and J.M. Alcott, 1995. RIVER3: Simulation of River Discharge and Sediment Transport. Computers and Geosciences, 21(1), 89-101, doi:10.1016/0098-3004(94)00062-Y.

Links

Model:HydroTrend