********************************************************************************
*************	   INFORMATION ABOUT  tAo   (file tao.info.txt)	****************
********************************************************************************


	INDEX
1.- Syntax and use of tAo
2.- Introduction
3.- Program structure and its compilation
4.- Inputs
5.- Outputs
6.- Graphic outputs
7.- The conceptual model
8.- Algorithms and numerical methods
9.- Improvements in successive versions
10.- Model limitations
11.- Credit
12.- FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions
13.- Glossary
14.- Acknowledgements
15.- References


1.- SYNTAX AND USE of tAo
	tao  [project]  [-A[1|2]] [-B<bound_type>] [-D] [-d<dx>] [-F[file]] 
			[-h[i|u|p]] [-L<x0>] [-M<lih_type>][t] [-m<app_mom>]
			[-N<Nx>]  [-P] [-p<tec_force>] [-q<param=value>]
			[-Q<file>]  [-R<xf>] [-r<a|c|i|m|a><density>] [-S]
			[-s<app_force>]  [-T<eet>] [-t<i|f|d|v|r><time>] [-V]

	Options:
		'project'  is the root name of the project files names (i.e., 
			if project=test then the parameters file should be
			test.PRM and the first load test1.CRG.
		'-A'	Switches on gravity calculations (1 for Bouguer; 2 for 
				Free Air).
		'-B'	Sets boundary conditions type (0 to 5, see template.PRM 
				file).
		'-D'	Means debugging mode with much run-time prints and 
				warnings.
		'-d'	Sets the x increment used for finite differences 
				method. 
		'-F'	To continue a previous model run reading '.all' file
				ignoring input files.
		'-h' 	Is to read this information file. Append p to print the
				default parameters file in stdout.
		'-L'	Sets x coordinate of left end of the model.
		'-M'	Sets the plate model. (0 to 6, see lith_type variable 
				in geomodel.h or template.PRM).
		'-m'	Sets the boundary moment applied at left boundary.
				>0 means clockwise.
		'-N'	Sets the number of lateral gridding points (Nx).
		'-P'	To make GMT postscript.
		'-p'	Sets the tectonic horizontal force in the plate.
				>0 means compressive.
		'-q'	Sets a value for any parameter listed in the parameter 
				file '*.PRM'.
		'-Q'	With this option tao will just calculate the elastic 
				deflection of <file>, write it in the standar 
				output and exit the program.
		'-r'	Sets density of enviroment (e), crust (c), infill (i), 
				mantle (m), or asthenosphere (a).
		'-s'	Sets the applied vertical shear force at left boundary.
				>0 means upwards.
		'-R'	Sets x coordinate of right end of the model.
		'-S'	Means silent mode with no run-time prints.
		'-T'	Sets elastic thickness to <eet_value>. For the case of 
			multilayered rheology plate, eet_value=-1 indicates 
			that the initial Te must not be constant or read from 
			the '*.EET' file, but from the '*.eet' file.
		'-t'	Sets initial (i), final (f), increment (d), viscous 
				relaxation (v) or sediment-unit-record (r) 
				times. Time is in My and goes from negative to 
				positive values (Timeini<Timefinal).
		'-V'	Means verbose mode with more run-time prints.


	Examples:
		1>	tao TEST
		Runs the flexure model using TEST as the root of the i/o file 
		names, i.e., TEST.PRM will be read as the parameters file, 
		TEST1.CRG as the first load heigth input file, etc. TEST.pfl 
		will be wroten (output file).

		2>	tao FB -S -P
		Runs the flexure model reading as input the files starting with
		'FB'. No stops nor run-time prints will be done during execu-
		tion and a graphic postscript file will be produce using a GMT
		commands script.

		3>	tao -Qload.xh -B2 -s2e12
		Reads load x,height from 'load.xh' and its density (in the 
		first line) and writes the deflection to the standar output.
		Uses boundary conditions corresponding to a broken half plate 
		(at left boundary) and applies a force 2e12 N/m at this end.
		
		For more examples see ./tao/demo/README file and subdirectories
		therein.

	Other important sources of information on the use and characteristics
	of tAo are found in the default parameter file ./tao/doc/template.PRM

	Signals meaning during execution:
		a: Gravity anomaly is being calculated
		c: External load (types: F,H,I,M,R,S,T, see 'inputs', section 4)
		d: Load was defined
		e: Elastic flexure
		Rh:Depth-dependent (multilayered) plate moment-curvature 
			iteration. The two criteria of convergence (defined in 
			'tao.h') are 1) small variations in the mean Te and 2)
			small variations in Maximum Te. 
			If '!' is written then convergence was not achieved: 
			'!(M)' means that the mean Te variation criteria failed;
			'!(m)' means the maximum Te variation criteria failed;
			'!(B)' means both criteria failed. 
			
		u: New unit recorded (uT means the unit corresponds to the 
			infill of a topographic load).
		v: Viscoelastic relaxation

2.- INTRODUCTION
	  The program 'tAo' is designed to calculate the interaction between 
	lithospheric flexure , tectonic loading [e.g., by thrusting], and 
	surface	transport [erosion/deposition]. The code puts a particular
	enphasis on the formation of foreland basin systems.
	  tAo can be used as a 2D lithospheric flexure numerical model, that
	is, a  program to simulate the mechanical behavior of the lithosphere
	when  forces act on it. tAo allows to apply different rheological
	behaviours for the  lithospheric plate:
		.Pure Elastic.
		.Viscoelastic.
		.Depth&temperaure-dependent elastic-plastic rheology.

	  tAo can calculate the deflection due to multiple loads along the 
	time using elastic, viscoelastic or elasto-plastic deformation models. 
	Sedimentation and erosion simple models are implemented and sea water 
	load is considered. Unit surfaces of sediments and loads are recorded. 
	  Different boundary conditions are predefined for several cases: 
	trench, foreland basin, seamount... Lateral loads related with tectonic
	horizontal forces are also accounted for.
	  Results are displayed with GMT and written to output files.
	  Please, reffer to Garcia-Castellanos et al. (1997) for more details
	and some explained examples of this program.

	  tAo also allows to apply different erosion models in combination with
	simple approaches to the kinematics of fault deformation in the upper 
	crust.


      THIS PROGRAM IS SPECIALLY DESIGNED TO:
	.To calculate lithospheric flexure directly from the lithosphere 
	stratification and load distribution.
	.To model foreland basin formation and the large-scale sedimentary 
	infill geometries.
	.To solve simple 1D flexural problems in other geological contexts such 
	as trenches, seamounts, etc.
	.Also to be used externally (from a unix script) as a flexure 
	calculator, as part of a broader job.
	.To calculate surface processes (erosion/sedimentation) in 1D.


      THIS PROGRAM ASSUMES THAT:
	.The lithosphere behaves as a thin plate with either pure elastic
	(Turcotte & Schubert, 1982), viscoelastic (Nadai, 1963) or 
	depth-dependent-elastic-plastic (Burov & Diament, 1995) behavior.
	.Sedimentation occurs either as a diffusive process or at a constant
	rate in sea floor.
	.Erosion occurs as a diffusive process or at a rate linearly-dependent
	on height.
	.The weight of the load at every point is either explicitly known, or 
	it is a consequence of well-known thrust kinematics. Therefore, other 
	processes posibly generating loading during orogen formation (such as 
	lithospheric mantle thickening, subduction, etc) are not calculated 
	and must be defined as 'hidden loads' when needed. 


      THIS PROGRAM ALLOWS TO:
	.Calculate the deflection of the lithosphere due to vertical and 
	horizontal tectonic loads. 
	.Apply simple non-instantaneous erosion and sedimentation models to 
	the topography.
	.Define multiple loads along time with different densities. 
	.Define moving loads with constant velocity to calculate the related 
	evolution of subsidence.
	.Calculate the load directly from a fault geometry and the shortening
	velocity.
	.Calculate the equivalent elastic thickness (EET) as a function of
	the crustal geometry and the thermal state using realistic depth-
	dependent rheology (Burov & Diament, 1995).
	.Calculate the differential stress distribution in the lithosphere
	accounting for the depth-dependent yield stress envelope (YSE)
	(Lynch & Morgan, 1987).

	You may want to visit http://cuba.ija.csic.es/~danielgc/tao/tao.html

	tAo is a freeware program that you can use for teaching and research 
	purposes without requiring our license. Neither help on its use nor 
	technical support are guaranteed. Commercial use requires approval from 
	the author. 
	If you are interested in using the program, please send me an e-mail 
	containing you e-mail address, institution, and name to 
	danielgc@ija.csic.es




3.- PROGRAM STRUCTURE AND ITS COMPILATION
	tAo is written in C under Linux. 
	For instalation, please read the 'tao/README' file.
	In case of troubles read the FAQ below in this document.



4.- INPUTS
    Input files are named with an uppercase extension. Inputs are read 
  sequentially from: (a) parameters file 'project.PRM', (b) command line 
  options, (c) other input files named 'project.*' (files starting with the 
  project name with an uppercase extension), and (d) from the 'project.all' 
  file when -F option is used.  (b) values override (a);  (c) overrides (a)
  and (b);  (d) overrides all. Default units are I.S. 


  'project.PRM' 
	Parameters file:
	This file must be provided except when using the -Q option. The parame-
	ter values defined in it can be changed with the command line options.
	'template.PRM' file is an explained example. The use of each parameter
	is explained in the file 'tao.h'.

  'projectN.UNIT'
	File modifying the geometry/architecture of the model (adding units, loads, 
	moving blocks, or faults):
	'N' is the number of this load: The first load file should be named 
	'project1.UNIT'.
	The file 'doc/template.UNIT' is an explained example that you can see
	typing 'tao -hu'.

  'project.EET'
	Elastic thikness file (optional, defaults to default_Te parameter, 
      see *.PRM file). Also used as initial Te for the multilayered plate case.
      The file format is:

	x1	thickness1
	x2	thickness2
	x3	thickness3
	...

	(tAo linearly interpolates between the given points)

  'project.CRUST'
	Crust thickness (optional):
	Similar format.

  'project.UCRUST'
	Upper crust thickness (optional):
	Similar format.

  'project.WINI'
	Initial deflection file (optional):
	Similar format. Positive deflection downwards.

  'project.ZINI'
	Initial height (optional):		
	Similar format.

  'project.TMP'
	Temperature file (only in case lith_type>=2). If a YSE input file is 
	given, then this TMP file is ignored.
	Similar format:

	z1[m]	temperature1[C]
	z2	temperature2
	z3	temperature3
	...	...
	
	but if a single number is read, it will be taken as the x position for 
	that geotherm, and then addition geotherms at other x locations can be
	supplied. Temperature will be linearly interpolated (laterally) in 
	between them.
	(z is depth, positive downwards).

  'project.YSE'
	YSE file (only in case lith_type>=2; overrides YSE calculations using 
	temperature). Format (note different units relative to the output file
	*.yse):

	z1[m]	yieldcompres1[Pa]	yieldextens1[Pa]
	z2	yieldcompres2   	yieldextens2
	z3	yieldcompres3   	yieldextens3
	...	...

  'project.SLV'
	Sea and erosion/sedimentation levels along time file (optional):
	Format:

	time1	level1	[eroslevel1]
	time2	level2
	time3	level3	[eroslevel2]
	...	...	[...]

  'project.REC'
	Horizon recording time file (optional, defaults to an interval of 
	dt_record, defined in the *.PRM file):
	Format:

	time1
	time2
	time3
	...

  'project.CMP'
	An x-z file to be compared with results (optional):	
	The results with real profiles digitized in this file.
	This file is not used by tAo but by the GMT job 'tao.gmt.job' which pro-
	duces a postscript image of it.
	Similar format (two columns) but x and z are espected in km.

    All these files are interpoled (except the .CMP one) and accept comment 
  lines to be inserted everywhere. These lines will be simply ignored when two 
  floats cannot be read in them.



5.- OUTPUTS
	  Ouputs are wroten to files that start with the project name with an 
	lowercase extension. Please be careful because all these files are
	removed when running again the same project with tAo. Note that x units 
	in the output files are in km. 

	'project.xzt'	An output file with the deflection and the 
				topography at each loading event is wroten.
	'project.pfl'	A final profile of the model containing the final model 
				geometry (elevation of the top and bottom of 
				each unit, from basament to surface).
	'project.eros'	Erosion (>0) and sedimentation (<0) at each position. 
				Note that eah value is the result of adding 
				the thickness of eros/sedim at each time step 
				at that particular location. A final  value of
				1000 m of erosion) may be the  result of 1000 m
				deposition + 2000 m erosion. Besides, this is
				recorded where it happened, so the values of
				eros./sedim. are not shifted with the movement
				of the sediment or mother rock units.
	'project.xg'	A file with the gravity anomaly.
	'project.ps' 	Some postscript graphics with results are made 
				with GMT if 'switch_ps' is turned on.
	'project.yse'	Calculated yield stress envelope and stress distribution
				at the maximum moment point. Only if a 
				multilayered plate was selected (isost_model>2).
	'project.strs'	Stress distribution (also only if isost_model>2). 
	'project.temp'	Temperature distribution within lithosphere 
				(only isost_model>2 and with swith_verbose=1).
	'project.eet'	Elastic thickness distribution resulting calculated 
			when isost_model>2. If this file is present and the 
			default Te value is a signal '-1', then this 
			'*.eet' file is used as the initial value of the 
			moment-curvature iteration.
	'project.all'	Binary file to be read when the model is going to be 
			resumed (continued) with option '-F'.



6.- GRAPHIC OUTPUT
	'project.ps' 
		A multipage postscript produced with GMT 3.0 software (Wessel &
		Smith, 1995, http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/soest/gmt.html) (using 
		a unix script: 'tao.gmt.job'), with graphics of all the results 
		of tAo:
			.Distribution of loads/units and the deflected basament
			compared with the 'project.CMP' file if it exists.
			.Bouguer gravity anomaly and geoid anomaly if requested.
			.Stress distribution when rheological considerations
			have been requested.
			.Yield stress envelope and stress distribution 
			at the maximum moment point.


7.- THE CONCEPTUAL MODEL
	  Take a look at Garcia-Castellanos et al., 1997.
	  The conceptual model assumes the classical thin plate approach 
	(Turcotte & Schubert, 1982) with either pure elastic (Turcotte & 
	Schubert, 1982), viscoelastic (Nadai, 1963) or depth-dependent-elastic-
	plastic rheology (Burov & Diament, 1995) to calculate the lithosphere
	deflection by loading. 
	  Loading can be either directly defined or modeled using fault
	propagation systems produced by crustal shortening. The produced
	topography is then eroded and the areas subsided below sea level are
	infilled with sediments, which timing and geometry are recorded.
	Another possibility is to know the topography but ignore the
	internal geometry of the thrust-loads. In this situation one can assume
	that the topography has a constant density and stays at zero level,
	finding the deflection (filled up with a constant density 'densinfill')
	necessary to explain that topograpgy. This is done when
	'switch_topoestable' is turned on (signal 'T' appears in the load
	file); the load file is then taken as the topography.
	  Appart from these well-defined loads, other forces such as tectonic 
	horizontal force, vertical force at the boundary and moment at the 
	boundary, are taken into account.



8.- ALGORITHMS AND NUMERICAL METHODS
	  Finite differences are used to solve the spatial partial differential
	equations as well as the time dependent processes. 
	  Matrices arising from the diferential equations are solved using a 
	classical band solver.
	  Gravity anomaly is calculated using Talwani et al. (1959) algorithm.
	  Geoid anomaly is calculated using Chapman (1979) algorithm (see also
	Ayala et al, 1996).



9.- IMPROVEMENTS IN SUCCESSIVE VERSIONS
   v1.0 (1993) Proto-model or numerical algorithm to calculate thin plate 
   	elastic and viscoelastic flexure.
   v2.0 (1994) Inclusion of moving loads and surface processes. Gravity anomaly
    	calculations.
   v3.0 (1995) Multilayered elastic-plastic rheology. Geoid anomaly 
    	calculations.
   v3.2 (1996) Inclusion of thrust loading and sediment deformation. Command-
   	line options.
   v3.21(1997) Allows sea_level variations along time. Allows erosion/sedimen-
   	tation variations along time.
   v3.3 (1998) Stress history is accounted for.
   v3.4 (1999) Change in param. file keeping compatibility with v3.3. Parameters
   	are now read in any order and non of them is required in the '.PRM' 
   	file. This will allow to keep compatibility easily in future versions.
   	Moreover, now is possible to resume a model that was stopped, which 
   	will allow more freedom to change parameters during execution avoiding
   	new input files (option -F). Option 'c' in loads to cut units with 
	faults (works better than 'C'.
   v4.0 (2002) Fluvial sediment transport. Loads and faults now defined in 
   	*n.UNIT input files (instead of *n.CRG) file, and the file accepts now 
	a list of parameters for the new unit. Files *.H0 and *.W0 are now 
	called *.ZINI and *.WINI, respectively. 
	(2004) Orographic precipitation implemented following a conservative
	scheme  (runoff=precipitation-evaporation). 
	(2005) A memory bug solved in surface_transport (this was producing 
	NaN results in a quite unpredictable manner).
   2006-11-02


10.- MODEL LIMITATIONS
	  tAo doesn't account for deformation in lower crust or mantle, and the
	deformation in the upper crust (by shortening) is kinematically 
	introduced in the model. Subduction is not considered either. Different
	velocities of shortening for each detachment fault are (still) not 
	implemented.
	  Deformation is performed in a very primitive way (preserving vertical
	thickness of the moving bodies: vertical shear approach).
	  Sediment compaction is not considered, but this shouldn't affect the 
	sediment onlap/offlap geometry in the external side of the foreland
	basin, but only the thickness of the units.
	  Grain size or sediment facies distribution of predicted deposits are
	not differentiated.


11.- CREDITS
	  tAo is a freeware program (except for commercial purposes) developed 
	between Sept. 1993 and Sept. 2004 by Daniel Garcia-Castellanos.

	  Details on copyright are in the tao/doc/ directory.

	  Please, contact the author if you are interested in using 
	the program.

	  When showing results of this program you, cite the following 
	reference: 
	  Garcia-Castellanos, D., M. Fernŕndez & M. Torné, 1997. "Numerical 
	modeling of foreland basin formation: a program relating thrusting, 
	flexure, sediment geometry and lithosphere rheology". Computers & 
	Geosciences, 23 (9), 993-1003.

	  I'm not responsible of any damage caused by mistakes in this software,
	and i can not guarantee that I'll have the time to help you in solving 
	any problems. 



12.- FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions
	Q0. How can I manage to learn to use this code on my own?
	A0. After you first download it, follow instructions in tao/doc/README
		file in order  to compile. Then go to tao/demo and try the
		examples there to ensure that the code is working properly.
		Then read carefully tao/doc/tao.info.txt (this file) and 
		tao/doc/template.PRM and try to experiment modifying the *.PRM
		files of the demos. Then learn how to build *.UNIT input files
		from the examples and using the explanations in
		tao/doc/tao.info.txt. Make sure you did all this before 
		contacting the author!
	Q1. I have errors in the compilation, is there a problem in the program?
	A1. I tried tAo only in some UNIX operative systems such as linux and
		SUN Solaris. Most probably you have a problem with the 
		compilation options or with the libraries. Try to ask help
		among your colleagues to succeed in the compilation.
	Q2. I compiled the program, but I never managed to run it, and always I 
		get 'segmentation fault' errors.
	A2. This means you have some incompatibility between some of the 
		functions called in tAo and the ones available in the libraries
		of your operative  system. You have to edit the code and search
		for those problems.  You will need the help of someone around
		you who have experience  in programing and/or in compiling C
		programs. 
	Q3. Can you help me to solve the problems I have to run tAo?
	A3. In general, I try to answer the questions you send by email,
		but usually i cannot say much more than what you just read in
		this file. Unfortunately, I can not provide you a close
		technical  support on the compilation process, but this has a
		good side: you get this program for free. 
		Because my interests are in the scientific use of tAo and its 
		application to geological scenarios, I will be pleased to help
		you with any problem you have during the  development of a
		model and will be pleased to stablish a scientific colaboration.
	Q4. Flexural vertical movements sometimes occur at time steps when
		there is no tectonic deformation or any other user-defined
		load, why? The results show non-instantaneous flexural response
		of the lithosphere: a unit or load starts moving but no
		flexural response yet. Also at the last time steps the load has
		stopped moving but flexure continues after that.
	A4. For each time step, tAo first calculates the deformation, then the
		erosion, and then the isostatic compensation. The postscript
		and file output are produced just before flexure, and therefore
		the flexural vertical movement is not shown until the next-
		time-step figure. tAo calculates the flexure 1 time step after 
		calculating movement. This means that in one time step it has 
		calculated deformation and in the next will show the effect of
		the associated subsidence. Note also that modifications of the 
		water column are compensated isostatically still one time step 
		later. You can reduce the effects of this by reducing dt as 
		much as you prefer. But think that this will slow down the run.
	ON UNIT DEFINITION:
	Q5. Is it possible to stop a fault and then reactivate it again?
	A5. You can stop a fault at a given time by using the time_stop parameter in
		the *.UNIT file.  To reactivate it, repeate the same fault geometry in
		another *.UNIT file with the velocity you wish.  Use tao -hu to get
		the possible parameters in every *.UNIT file. 

13.- GLOSSARY
	Hidden load
		  Flexural models in foreland basins have assumed that
		subsidence is due only to the weight of the topographic load
		(i.e., load is proportional to height). This assumption
		ignores other processes (subduction, lithospheric mantle
		thickening, plate interaction forces, etc.) leading to the
		need of additional loads to fit the observed deflection. These
		are refered in the literature as hidden loads. Stockmal &
		Beaumont (1986) suggested that one of the reasons for this
		could be the existence of a depth bathymetry before plate
		colission, which would produce important deflections even when
		topography was still not produced. tAo includes the posibility
		of introducing initial bathimetry/topography and therefore
		allows to avoid these source of hidden loads. If you still need
		an extra load to explain the deflection, then you have to define
		it as a file load with the 'hidden' label ('H') so that it will
		not increase topography. 

	Project
		  Group of input files corresponding to a work project. All 
		files must begin with same single word stored in the char 
		variable 'project'. 

	Switch
		  Variables names starting with 'switch_' correspond to
		Boolean type switches with values true or false (1 or 0) and 
		are used to turn on and off options of the model.

	switch_topoestable
		  This is a variable-parameter switch that strongly affects
		the conceptual modeling. When its value is 0 the load read
		from file will lay on the basement and will subside (deflect) 
		with it. When its value is 1 the read load will stay at zero
		level and the space between the deflected basement and the
		zero will be filled up with a constant density 'densinfill'.
		This second way is often used in the literature and strongly
		simplifies the modeling, but it avoids to consider the
		internal geometry of the orogen.

	Topographic load
		  This is a type of load (see load input file format) that,
		when loaded, remains on the top of the profile and neither it
		nor the whole profile subsides: only the basement, and the
		space created is filled with a 'densinfill' density material.
		See 'switch_topoestable' entry.

	Unit
		  A unit corresponds in the code with a load unit (sediment,
		thrust, instantaneous load or whatever), with a density, velo-
		city, age and height profile ssociated. This is stored in 
		variable 'Units'.

	YSE
		  Stands for Yield Stress Envelope. Curve defining the maximum 
		stress that can occur at each depth.
		

14.- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
	The present code has been developed mainly in the Instituto de Ciencias
	de la Tierra Jaume Almera (Barcelona) and the Vrije Universiteit
	(Amsterdam), although stages at the Dalhousie University (Halifax,
	Canada) and Australia National University (Canberra) have also been
	helpful. Most funding has come from public research institutions. 
	Feedback with users have been key and special mention must be made 
	to:  
	J.M. Gaspar-Escribano, Brian Shiro.


15.- REFERENCES
	Airy, G.B., 1855. On the computation of the effect of the atraction of 
		mountain masses as disturbing the apparent astronomical 
		latitude of stations of geodetic surveys, Phil. Trans. R. 
		Soc. 145, 101-104.
	Ayala, C., M. Fern…ndez, M. Torn‚ & J. Pous, 1996. 2D geoid modeling: 
		some remarks on Chapman's algorithm.
	Beaumont, C., 1981. Foreland Basins. Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc., 65, 
		291-329.
	Bodine, J.H., M.S. Steckler, & A.B. Watts, 1981. Observations of 
		flexure and the rheology of the oceanic lithosphere. J. Geoph. 
		Res., 86, 3695-3707.
	Bott, M.H.P., 1982. The interior of earth: its structure, constitution 
		and evolution. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 403 pp.
	Burov, E.B. & M. Diament, 1992. Flexure of the continental lithosphere 
		with multilayered rheology. Geophys. J. Int., 109, 449-468.
	Burov, E.B. & M. Diament, 1995. The effective elastic thickness (Te) 
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More information in the header of the main source code file 'tao.c'. Descrip-
tion of variables meaning is in file tao.h.



 	      "What Nature imparts to man  is called  human
 	     nature.  To follow our nature is called the Tao.
 	     Cultivating   the  Tao  is  called   education."
	     	     Doctrine of the Mean (Chapter 1)


END OF tAo INFORMATION FILE