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Summary Contact Technical specs In/Output Process Testing Other Component info Also known as Model type Single Incorporated models or components: Spatial dimensions 2D Spatial extent Landscape-Scale, Watershed-Scale Model domain One-line model description Snowmelt process component (Degree-Day method) for a D8-based, spatial hydrologic model Extended model description This process component is part of a spatially-distributed hydrologic model called TopoFlow, but it can now be used as a stand-alone model. Keywords: basins, First name Scott Last name Peckham Type of contact Model developer Institute / Organization CSDMS, INSTAAR, University of Colorado Postal address 1 1560 30th street Postal address 2 Town / City Boulder Postal code 80305 State Colorado Country USA Email address Scott.Peckham@colorado.edu Phone 303-492-6752 Fax Supported platforms Unix, Linux, Mac OS, Windows Other platform Programming language Python Other program language None (but uses NumPy package) Code optimized Single Processor Multiple processors implemented Nr of distributed processors Nr of shared processors Start year development 2001 Does model development still take place? Yes If above answer is no, provide end year model development Model availability As code, As teaching tool Source code availability (Or provide future intension) Through CSDMS repository Source web address View source code http://csdms.colorado.edu/viewvc/topoflow/ Program license type Apache public license Program license type other Memory requirements Standard Typical run time Minutes to hours Describe input parameters The input variables used for the Degree-Day method of estimating runoff due to snowmelt are defined as follows: c_0 = coefficient T_0 = threshold temperature (deg C) T_air = air temperature (deg C) ρ_snow = density of the snow (kg / m^3) ρ_water = density of liquid water, 1000 (kg / m^3) h0_snow = initial snow depth (m) h0_swe = initial depth, snow water equivalent (m) The behavior of this component is controlled with a configuration (CFG) file, which may point to other files that contain input data. Here is a sample configuration (CFG) file for this component: Method code: 0 Method name: Degree-Day Time step: Scalar 3600.00000000 (sec) Cp_snow: Scalar 2090.00000000 (J/kg/K) rho_snow: Scalar 300.00000000 (kg/m^3) c0: Scalar 2.70000005 (mm/day/deg C) T0: Scalar -0.20000000 (deg C) h0_snow: Scalar 0.50000000 (m) h0_swe: Scalar 0.15000000 (m) Save grid timestep: Scalar 60.00000000 (sec) Save mr grids: 0 Case5_2D-SMrate.rts (m/s) Save hs grids: 0 Case5_2D-hsnow.rts (m) Save sw grids: 0 Case5_2D-hswe.rts (m) Save cc grids: 0 Case5_2D-Ecc.rts (J/m^2) Save pixels timestep: Scalar 60.00000000 (sec) Save mr pixels: 0 Case5_0D-SMrate.txt (m/s) Save hs pixels: 0 Case5_0D-hsnow.txt (m) Save sw pixels: 0 Case5_0D-hswe.txt (m) Save cc pixels: 0 Case5_0D-Ecc.txt (J/m^2) Input format ASCII, Binary Other input format Describe output parameters Output format ASCII, Binary Other output format Pre-processing software needed? Yes Describe pre-processing software Another program must be used to create the input grids. This includes a D8 flow grid derived from a DEM for the region to be modeled. The earlier, IDL version of TopoFlow can be used to create some of these. Post-processing software needed? Yes Describe post-processing software None, except visualization software. Grid sequences saved in netCDF files can be viewed as animations and saved as movies using VisIt. Visualization software needed? Yes If above answer is yes Other visualization software VisIt Describe processes represented by the model The Degree-Day method for modeling Snowmelt. Describe key physical parameters and equations Equations Used by the Degree-Day Method M = (c_0 / 86400) * (T_air - T_0) = meltrate (mm / sec) M_max = (1000 * h_snow / dt) * (ρ_water / ρ_snow) = max possible meltrate (mm / sec) dh_snow = M * (ρ_water / ρ_snow) * dt = change in snow depth (m) Describe length scale and resolution constraints Recommended grid cell size is around 100 meters, but can be parameterized to run with a wide range of grid cell sizes. DEM grid dimensions are typically less than 1000 columns by 1000 rows. Describe time scale and resolution constraints The basic stability condition is: dt < (dx / u_min), where dt is the timestep, dx is the grid cell size and u_min is the smallest velocity in the grid. This ensures that flow cannot cross a grid cell in less than one time step. Typical timesteps are on the order of seconds to minutes. Model can be run for a full year or longer, if necessary. Describe any numerical limitations and issues This model/component needs more rigorous testing. Describe available calibration data sets This model/component is typically not calibrated to fit data, but is run with a best guess or measured value for each input parameter. Upload calibration data sets if available: Describe available test data sets Available test data sets: Treynor watershed, in the Nishnabotna River basin, Iowa, USA. (Two large rainfall events.) Small basin in Kentucky. Inclined plane for testing. Arctic watershed data from Larry Hinzman (UAF). See /data/progs/topoflow/3.0/data on CSDMS cluster. Upload test data sets if available: Describe ideal data for testing Several test datasets are stored on the CSDMS cluster at: /data/progs/topoflow/3.0/data. Do you have current or future plans for collaborating with other researchers? Collaborators include: Larry Hinzman (UAF), Bob Bolton, Anna Liljedahl (UAF), Stefan Pohl and others Provide key papers on model if any Key Papers: Peckham, S.D., 2008. Geomorphometry and spatial hydrologic modeling (Chapter 25), In: Hengl, T. and Reuter, H.I. (Eds), Geomorphometry: Concepts, Software and Applications. Developments in Soil Science, vol. 33, Elsevier, 579-602 pp. Doi: (10.1016/S0166-2481(08)00025-1). Is there a manual available? Yes Upload manual if available: Model website if any This site. Model forum / discussion board Comments About this component: This component was developed as part of the TopoFlow hydrologic model, which was originally written in IDL and had a point-and-click GUI. For more information on TopoFlow, please goto: http://csdms.colorado.edu/wiki/Model:TopoFlow. When used from within the CSDMS Modeling Tool (CMT), this component has "config" button which launches a graphical user interface (GUI) for changing input parameters. The GUI is a tabbed dialog with a Help button at the bottom that displays HTML help in a browser window. This component also has a configuration (CFG) file, with a name of the form: <case_prefix>_channels_diff_wave.cfg. This file can be edited with a text editor. The Numerical Python module (numpy) is used for fast, array-based processing. This model has an OpenMI-style interface, similar to OpenMI 2.0. Part of this interface is inherited from "CSDMS_base.py". This part will be filled out by CSDMS staff OpenMI compliant No but planned CCA component Yes IRF interface Yes CMT compontent Yes Can be coupled with: TopoFlow, TopoFlow-Meteorology, TopoFlow-Infiltration-Smith-Parlange, TopoFlow-Infiltration-Richards_1D, TopoFlow-Infiltration-Green-Ampt, Gc2d, TopoFlow-Evaporation-Read_File, TopoFlow-Evaporation-Priestley_Taylor, TopoFlow-Evaporation-Energy_Balance, TopoFlow-Channels-Kinematic_Wave, TopoFlow-Channels-Dynamic_Wave, TopoFlow-Channels-Diffusive_Wave,

Model info Authors Scott Peckham Source code Download View source QR-code Link to this page Other models by this author Erode Erode-D8-Local Shoreline TopoFlow TopoFlow-Channels-Diffusive Wave TopoFlow-Channels-Dynamic Wave TopoFlow-Channels-Kinematic Wave TopoFlow-DEM Smoother TopoFlow-Data-HIS TopoFlow-Diversions … further results

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